This thesis examines the cultural politics of contemporary Holocaust remembrance in Australia and how meanings about gender, memory and identity and the Holocaust are produced through different representational sites and practices. This study is an intervention in and a contribution to the interdisciplinary field of Holocaust studies. I develop analyses using approaches that draw on feminist cultural theory, gender studies and memory studies. These analyses take account of the local particularities of Holocaust memory in Australia, while showing that at the same time it reproduces and recirculates a dominant transnational Holocaust memory discourse. Silences and the politics of unspeakability are central themes of this thesis. It was my late mother’s silence about her history in Nazi Germany and exile to Australia, and a theoretical silence about gender in Holocaust studies more broadly, that initially engaged me in this study. ¶ I am interested in the relationships between personal and public memory and their interconnections as they contribute to cultural memory of the Holocaust. In my initial case study, the Sydney Jewish Museum, I discuss the museum as a multi-textual discursive space, one which incorporates personal memory of survivors as integral to its memorial project. My second case study involves a close reading of the role of survivor guides as embodied witnesses in the museum space where their gendered performances are framed by, and provide dissonances to, its universalised Holocaust narrative. I present three further cases studies as counterpoints to the Holocaust narrative produced in the Sydney Jewish Museum, where I argue that the universalised Holocaust narrative does not allow for dialogic or discursive spaces where such unsettling stories can be told or heard. First I analyse an Australian documentary film, The Mascot, which represents the story of an Australian man who was a child survivor from Belarus and whose memories were contested when he attempted to reclaim an authentic Jewish identity connected to his Holocaust experiences. ¶ In the final two cases studies I demonstrate the value of subjective, embodied personal approaches to analysing Holocaust memory and its effects. Here I draw on my mother’s story. First in the local context I narrate a necessarily fragmented account of her exile to Australia and I undertake memory work to map out some of her history as a Jewish Australian woman and the social landscapes of her political activism. In the final chapter I reconnect my mother’s story from Australia to her childhood city, Berlin where I undertake a personal reading of one particular Holocaust counter-memorial in Berlin-Schöneberg. ¶ Despite the power of the universalised Holocaust memory discourse, these case studies illustrate the diverse particularities of experiences of the Holocaust in local and transnational contexts. An analysis of the nuances and complexities of Holocaust remembrance that takes account of such particularities, and that is also gendered, can offer valuable insights into the machinations of the genocide and how it is variously remembered in the present through mourning as well as political and historical inquiry.

More specifically, it seeks to examine the making of sports policy as a field of state activity and as a process involving various projects, agents and transformations, by uncovering the underlying structures and relations in the national sports policy context. The research is informed by the premises of the Strategic Relations Approach as developed by Jessop (1990), while critical theory provides the link between the theoretical foundations and the interpretation of data. This task demands an analysis which can account for the political, social and economic environments in which sports policy is made, and also for the structures and actors involved. In doing so, the thesis challenges both the traditional Marxist approach to the state, and some of the Jessopian claims about interests, strategies and global influences on policy making. The history of the modem Bulgarian state is marked by three major transformations, and the advancement of three distinct projects - Capitalism, Communism and Europeanisation - each aiming to establish a new stateness. Subsequently, it is argued that sports policy is a strategic relation, the formation of which needs to be viewed within state-society relations at particular historical conjuncture. Furthermore, this relation constitutes a process of past and present struggles, the outcomes of which are uncertain. The study draws several conclusions regarding strategic relations in sport policy making by highlighting: the relations between state projects and sports projects; the forms of state intervention in sport in various socio-political environments; the constitution of power in sports policy and state-society interactions; and the role of transnational and local forces in shaping sports policy (e.g. international sports federations and the IOC). The conceptualising and operationalising of Strategic Relations allows for three overriding tendencies pertinent to Bulgaria's sport policy to be outlined - of continuity, statisation and incongruity. One aspect of this study of theoretical interest in that, so far as can be ascertained, it is the first time that the Strategic Relations approach has been applied to a Communist state.

This thesis aims to clarify the issue of local embeddedness with regard to TNCs and to understand the process of TNCs&rsquo / local embeddedness in the Turkish case. In order to reach this aim a methodology is utilized by combination of qualitative and quantitative data analyses in different level analyses. Since, embeddedness is a process that begins locational preferences of TNCs, the first level analyses are concentrated on locational distribution on national and city level analyses. Then, deep&amp / #8208 / interviews are held by TNCs in istanbul to identify other qualitative variables affecting local embeddedness of TNCs. As a conclusion, local embeddedness process of TNCs in Turkey is realized in a slightly different path from developed countries. Some of the deficiencies in Turkey, like strong institutional structure, are the main reasons for these differences. To turn the situation for Turkey&rsquo / s advantage it is essential that required conditions for local embeddedness should be supplied.