Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-67).

Flight simulators are widely used by the military, civil and commercial aviation. Visual cues are an essential part of helicopter flight. The required cues for hover are especially large due to closeness to the ground and small movements. In this thesis, density and height parameters of the 3D (Three Dimensional) objects in the scene are analyzed to find their effect on hovering and low altitude flight. An experiment is conducted using a PC-based flight simulator with three LCD monitors and flight control set. Ten professional military pilots participated in the experiment. v Results revealed that object density and object height are effective on the horizontal and vertical hovering performance. There is a peak point after which increasing the density does not improve the performance. In low altitude flight, altitude control is positively affected by smaller object height. However, pilots prefer the scenes composed of the high and mixture objects while hovering and flying at low altitude. Distance estimation is affected by the interaction of the object density and height.

>Magister Scientiae - MSc / The fifth-generation mobile network (5G) is a new global wireless standard that enables state-of-the-art mobile networks with enhanced cellular broadband services that support a diversity of devices. Even with the current worldwide advanced state of broadband connectivity, most rural and low-income settings lack minimum Internet connectivity because there are no economic incentives from telecommunication providers to deploy wireless communication systems in these areas. Using a team of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to extend or solely supply the 5G coverage is a great opportunity for these zones to benefit from the advantages promised by this new communication technology. However, the deployment and applications of innovative technology in rural locations need extensive research.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第19507号 / 理博第4167号 / 新制||理||1598(附属図書館) / 32543 / 京都大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻 / (主査)教授 家森 俊彦, 教授 田口 聡, 教授 余田 成男 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DGAM

Ground based radars often experience difficulties in target detection and direction finding (DF) applications due to the interference between the direct and surface reflected signals when the targets fly at low altitudes. In this thesis, the phenomena governing the low angle propagation are overviewed and a multipath signal model including the effects of refraction, specular reflection, diffuse reflection, curvature of the earth and antenna polarization is presented. Then, the model is utilized to develop detection and DF algorithms for the targets at low altitudes. The target detection algorithm aims to increase signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to overcome the effects of signal fading caused by surface reflections. The algorithm is based on diversity combining and the combining weight vector is calculated by maximizing average value of SNR. The technique is compared with Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) algorithm which is optimal in terms of SNR. In direction finding, it is the height of the target that is explored since the target range information is obtained from the time delay. The target height is estimated by utilizing Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). The performance of our algorithm is compared with that of the technique that is known in the literature as Refined Maximum Likelihood (RML).

The purpose of this thesis is to test the validity of applications of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems in Anatolian archaeology. The focus of the study is an Iron Age fortress &Ccedil / evre Kale and its associated structures. During the course of the study, 5 km long outer wall enclosing a territory around &Ccedil / evre Kale documented for the first time by employing high altitude aerial imagery. In addition to the GIS analyses, examination of the geology, land use and soil quality data showed that the outer wall is in a way acting to guard and protect inhabitants of the fortress and, perhaps more importantly, the well-watered pasture surrounding the fortress and demarcated by the enclosure wall. Evaluation of the available archaeological and historical evidence suggested that &Ccedil / evre Kale might be of a site with significant military importance at least in the first half of the 6th century BC. As a result, this thesis is underlying the importance of high and low altitude aerial imagery in terms of documentation, evaluation and monitoring of the archaeological sites as part of the archaeological research

No description available.

L'extraction des paramètres de surface est une activité essentielle des Sciences de la vie et de la Terre. Ce mémoire propose une nouvelle méthodologie pour l'analyse des paramètres biophysiques et géophysiques, appelée Réalité Terrain Étendue, et qui mêle les avantages des relevés terrain et de la télédétection. Nous nous sommes en particulier attachés aux avantages de la télédétection basse altitude et d'un système micro-drone multi-caméras pour la cartographie de la dynamique de la végétation à l'échelle des individus. Cette problématique pose de nombreuses contraintes sur notre système car l'identification des arbrisseaux nécessite des capteurs innovants et une adaptation aux cycles phénologiques pour améliorer leur capacité de discrimination. La télédétection basse altitude semble être une solution intéressante en terme de résolution spatiale et de souplesse opérationnelle, et le développement des micro-drones civils permet des outils d'autant plus performants et fiables pour les missions terrain. Nous avons donc mis en place un système complet de drone avec une charge utile spécifique emportant simultanément trois appareils photographiques pour l'acquisition à la demande d'images obliques, stéréoscopiques ou multispectrales et permettant le développement de nouvelles méthodes d'identification de la végétation. Enfin, en participant à un relevé terrain du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, nous avons validé l'intérêt de notre système pour la cartographie de la dynamique de la végétation. Ce travail s'ouvre sur de nombreuses applications et perspectives de recherche, comme l'extraction de paramètres biophysiques par stéréo-restitution et l'agriculture de précision / Retrieval of land surface parameters is an essential part of life and Earth sciences activities, as they are the key to understand the complex phenomena that take place in the biosphere. This thesis proposes a new methodology for biophysical and geophysical surface para-meters analysis, that we call Extended Ground Truth, and that mix the advantages of the field ope-rations and those of remote sensing. We have especially focused our work on the benefits of low altitude remote sensing with a multi-cameras Unmanned Aerial System for vegetation dynamics mapping at subject scale. This problematic raises strong constraints on the system, as the identification of small bushes implies new type of sensors and the adaptation to the phenological cycles to improve the discrimination capacity of the sensors. Low altitude remote sensing seems a good solution in terms of resolution and operational flexibility and the technical revolution behind the spreading of civilian micro-UAV allows all the more capable and reliable tools for field operations. We therefore developed an Unmanned Aerial System with a specific payload that can lift up three digital cameras at once, allowing on demand oblique, stereoscopic or multispectral synchronous acquisitions and thus the development of new identification methods of the vegetation. Finally, we have participated in a field operation on a test site of the National Natural History Museum and confirmed the interest of our tool for vegetation dynamics mapping. This work leads to many other researches, per example in the field of biophysical parameters extraction from stereoscopic images, and other application fields like precision farming

Military jet over-flight activities pose a potential threat to staging waterfowl and pilots. The migration period is important for nutrient acquisition and courtship as these waterfowl enter the breeding season. Using a focal animal (continuous) technique for five-minute intervals, diurnal Time/Activity (TA) budgets for Canada Geese (Branta canadensis canadensis) (n=751), American Black Duck (Anas rubripes) (n=474) and Common Goldeneye (Bucephala clangula) (n=1274) were compiled during 216 hours of behavioural observation. The study was conducted from 26 April to 27 May, 2002 at the outlet of Lac Fourmont, Labrador (52° 03' 30"N, 60° 31' 01" W), in an ashkui or area of open water in an otherwise frozen landscape, which is known historically as a place to hunt waterfowl. These staging grounds are within the 130 000 km2 Low-level Training Area (LLTA) of the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula. Generalized Linear Modeling (GLM) of ranked variables was used to analyze behaviour by: observer, sex, pair status, time of day, date, and each weather parameter. Male Common Goldeneye spent more time in courtship behaviours (2.7%) than females (1.1%) and they spent most of the daylight hours feeding (males 53.3% and females 54.5%), with little time resting (4.8% and 5.2%, respectively). In contrast, Black Ducks and Canada Geese spent relatively little time feeding (12.4% and 5% respectively) and most of their time sleeping (35% and 38% respectively) and locomotion (37.8% and 11% respectively). Ashkui are important to Common Goldeneyes for foraging, and to Canada Geese and Black Ducks for resting prior to the breeding season. / Ninety-one low-level jet over-flights occurred and sound levels (n=336 h) at the study site were measured. Effects of low-level jet over-flights were analyzed using GLM of ranked variables in order to analyze a number of variables simultaneously. All behavioural observations that occurred in the quarter hour periods up to 165 minutes after an over-flight were analyzed. Alert and courtship behaviours of Canada Geese increased after over-flights. Other behaviours were negatively affected to a lesser degree. Locomotor activities by Black Ducks increased significantly immediately following over-flights with a stronger movement response with increased noise. Increases in agonistic and comfort behaviours of Common Goldeneye were detected following over-flights with few other significant affects on their behaviour. / Key words. Anas rubripes, Branta canadensis, Bucephala clangula, disturbance, jet aircraft, Labrador, low-level flying, military activity, noise, spring staging, time-activity budgets, waterfowl

No description available.