The operating characteristics of metal halide lamps are investigated, including acoustic resonance, spectral energy, and luminous efficacy. To operate metal halide lamps at intended conditions, two test sophisticated ballast circuits are built to drive the lamps with sine-wave current and square-wave current, respectively. One ballast employs the series resonant inverter to output sinusoidal lamp current over a high-frequency range from 20 kHz to 300 kHz. The other makes use of the full-bridge inverter to drive the lamps with square-wave current from 50 Hz up to 300 kHz. For both test circuits, the operating frequency and the magnitude of the lamp current can be controlled independently. On the other hand, the lamp power is adjusted by regulating the DC-link power. Several conclusions are drawn from experimental results: (1) Little difference is found between the lighting spectra of a lamp when driven by sinusoidal current and square-wave current. (2) Luminous efficiency deteriorates as the operating frequency increases. The deterioration is more significant at lower frequencies. (3) Luminous efficiency decreases considerably as the lamp power is reduced. (4) Arc instability from acoustic resonance is highly related to the waveform of the lamp current. The investigated results give better understanding on the steady state operation of metal halide lamps and provide useful information for the design of the electronic ballasts.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Jorge Tomioka / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica, 2014. / Este trabalho apresenta um estudo para a área de iluminação residencial, por meio da utilização da tecnologia de iluminação do estado sólido LED (diodos emissores de luz). Seu objetivo principal é apresentar a economia de energia elétrica para o país trazendo soluções mais eficientes para nossas residências, inclusive podendo ser estendido a outros setores, como indústria e comércio. Isso gerará economia de energia elétrica para o País e favorecerá a preservação do meio ambiente, com a diminuição da emissão de dióxido de carbono (CO2), produzindo impacto imediato na utilização de energia elétrica e prorrogando os grandes investimentos em geração de energia elétrica no Brasil, fazendo reduzir os gastos do dinheiro público. Para a pesquisa, foram levantados vários conceitos aplicados a luminotécnica, para um maior aprofundamento e consolidação dos resultados. Após a fase de pesquisa dos conceitos, foram estudadas as características das diferentes tecnologias de lâmpadas de uso residencial. Foi montada uma bancada para os ensaios das amostras, facilitando a realização das medições, o levantamento de algumas características técnicas, tais como potência da lâmpada, fator de potência, fluxo luminoso e eficiência luminosa. Com a estratificação desses resultados, foi elaborado um estudo de viabilidade econômica entre as três tecnologias de lâmpadas, mostrando o tempo de retorno do investimento. Em seguida, foram realizadas simulações entre as tecnologias de lâmpadas com projeção do consumo de energia elétrica para o ano de 2021. Com a realização deste trabalho cientifico, foi possível chegar a conclusões fundamentais acerca da melhor tecnologia de lâmpada que pode ser aplicada no País no setor residencial. / This work presents a study for the residential lighting through the use of solid-state lighting technology LED ( light emitting diodes ). Its main purpose is to present the economics of electricity for the country bringing more efficient solutions for our homes, and may even be extended to other sectors such as industry and commerce. This will generate electricity savings for the country and encourage the preservation of the environment, with the reduction in the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2), producing immediate impact on electricity usage and extending large investments in power generation in Brazil doing reduce spending of public money . For the research, various concepts applied to illumination, for further development and consolidation of results were collected. After the research phase of the concepts, characteristics of different technologies lamps residential use were studied. A workbench was assembled for testing the samples, facilitating the measurements, raising some technical features, such as the lamp power, power factor, luminous flux and luminous efficiency. Stratification with these results, an economic feasibility study between the three technologies lamps was prepared, showing the time of investment return. Then simulations between technologies of projection lamps with electricity consumption for the year 2021 were performed. With the completion of this scientific work, it was possible to reach basic conclusions about the best lamp technology that can be applied in the Country residential sector.