La phénoménologie psychiatrique constitue un objet dont le statut est ambigu et difficile à préciser. Notre but est fondamentalement de contribuer à définir ce qu'est la phénoménologie psychiatrique et à préciser son domaine de validité. Pour ce faire, nous centrons notre étude sur les trois auteurs majeurs que sont Heidegger, Binswanger et Maldiney. Nous étudions d'abord comment et pourquoi la phénoménologie et la psychiatrie ont au départ été rapprochées par Binswanger, et pourquoi celui-ci a privilégié la phénoménologie au détriment d'autres théories qui lui étaient contemporaines. Puis nous comparons les modèles d'existence que mettent en œuvre nos trois auteurs dans le cadre de la problématique psychiatrique. Enfin, nous statuons sur le rapport et l'intérêt que la phénoménologie psychiatrique entretient avec le versant pratique de la psychiatrie, et sur la façon dont on peut concevoir le rapport que la phénoménologie et la psychiatrie entretiennent au sein de la phénoménologie psychiatrique. / Psychiatric phenomenology is an ambiguous object, whose status is difficult to clarify. Fundamentally, our goal is to contribute to define what is psychiatric phenomenology and to clarify its range of validity. For that purpose, we focus our study on three major authors : Heidegger, Binswanger and Maldiney. At first, we study why and how phenomenology and psychiatry were brought together by Binswanger, and why he favoured phenomenology to the detriment of others theories which were contemporary. Then we compare the different models of existence developped by each of the three autors within the framework of the psychiatric problematics. We finally rule on the relationship and the interest of psychiatric phenomenology for psychiatric pratical tasks, and on how we can conceive of the relationship between phenomenolgy and psychiatry within psychiatric phenomenology.

The intent of this essay is to shed light on the relevance and meaning of the concept of ”form” in Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology. Drawing on his early texts as well as on the published notes of his first course held at the Collège de France, we argue that the notion of form essentially carries two meanings in the thought of the philosopher. One epistemological, stating that the perceived always assumes the figure-ground structure (signifying a figurative dimension of form). Another ontological according to which form designates the originary manifestation of the world in the event of expression (signifying a genetic dimension of form). Finally, we argue that the interplay of these two dimension of form lead Merleau-Ponty to an intuitive understanding of rhythm as the sensible manifestation of form, suggesting a potentially fruitful encounter, converging upon this notion, with the thought of Henri Maldiney.

Thèse de doctorat : Philosophie : Paris 12 : 2004. Thèse de doctorat : Philosophie : Università degli studi di Padova : 2004. / Thèse électronique uniquement consultable au sein de l'Université Paris 12 (Intranet). Thèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. f. 303-335.

The Becoming-other of the Existence, Essay on Contemporary Phenomenology, is both a systematic and a historical study of phenomenology. By choosing a systematic problem of becoming-other of the existence it attempts to present and to confront five major contemporary phenomenologists in France within a single phenomenological field: Henri Maldiney, Claude Romano, Jean-Luc Marion, Renaud Barbaras, and Marc Richir. The study enters phenomenology with Edmund Husserl and presents some key original concepts invented by two generations of post-husserlian authors who marked out the road to contemporary phenomenology: Martin Heidegger, Erwin Straus, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Jan Patočka, Emmanuel Lévinas. Then it turns to "evential empiricism" in the work of Maldiney and Romano who consider the existent and the world in their belonging-together: the event is thus understood as co-birth of the subject and the world. Nevertheless, because of the fact that the existence that "becomes-other" is necessarily a finite existence, a radically separated existence from the metaphysical transcendence of the world, three other authors must become involved in the discussion: Marion, whose adonné is a limit of the givenness, and then Barbaras and Richir who explore the most archaic layers of the subjectivity within a...