A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science in Dentistry. Johannesburg, 2017 / The objective of the study was to determine the exact location of the mandibular foramen among black South African population using a possible correlation of radiographic and morphometric analysis. Sexual dimorphism in the position of the foramen was taken into consideration. This study was conducted on a total of 253 adult dry human mandible specimens and 24 adult radiographic data from the cone beam computed tomographic records of patients. Both male and female specimens of ages between 16-56 years old and above were examined for morphometric analysis. The age group for the radiographic analysis was between 21-25 years old. The length, height and distance of the mandibular foramen in relation to the anterior and posterior border of the ramus of the mandible; superior and inferior border of the mandible as well as the distance in relation to the coronoid & condyle were measured. All the measurements were taken using a mandibulometer and the Dental sliding digital callipers for the morphometric analysis. For both radiographic and morphometric analyses, the distance of the mandibular foramen (MF) to the posterior region of ramus was smaller than that of MF to anterior region. The same pattern of results were observed for both males and females in all age groups. Males generally showed greater readings than females in all parameters, except the MF-P measurement. The MF was situated more towards the superior part of the mandible in the morphometric study. In the radiographic study, the MF was situated more towards the inferior part of the mandible. No significant difference was noted amongst different age groups. With regards to the antero-posterior dimensions of the mandible, the MF was found to be situated more towards the posterior region of the ramus for both radiographic and morphometric analyses in all age cohorts. With regards to infero-superior dimensions of the mandible, the MF was situated more towards the superior part of mandible in the morphometric analysis, but more towards the inferior part of the mandible in the radiographic analysis. In conclusion, the position of the MF was constant with regards to the antero-posterior dimensions for both radiographic and morphometric analyses. Therefore, this suggests that the chances of finding the MF in the anterior border of ramus of mandible are limited hence the anterior border can be regarded as the “safety zone” in a South African population. / MT2017

Thesis (M Dent(MFOS))--University of Limpopo, 2010. / Introduction-Craniofacial reconstruction following trauma is different for each individual as it highly depends on the nature and location of the patient’s injuries. The mandible is a unique bone, which has a complex role in both esthetics of the face and functional occlusion. Due to the prominent position of the lower jaw, mandibular fractures are the most common fracture of the facial skeleton Aim- The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and distribution of combination fractures in the mandible among patients presenting at the University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, department of Maxillofacial and Oral surgery. The nature and site of injuries occurring in the mandible will be recorded, and correlated with the cause of injury. The data should establish a preoperative idea of fractures that can be expected in the mandible when associated with a particular type of injury, especially of the combination type. Materials and methods- The patient’s records and radiographs at the University of Limpopo Medunsa Campus, Department of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery (MFOS) were accessed. Patients with mandibular fractures who presented to the department over a four-year period (ranging from January 2002 to December 2005) were included in this study. Results- There were 1755 patients treated for maxillofacial injuries during the period 2002 to 2005 (4 years). A total of 1222 (69.63%) patients sustained fractures to the mandible. However 505 (41.33%) patients sustained combination fractures of the mandible. This evidence statistically proves that there is a 41.33% chance of another fracture occurring in a patient who has been diagnosed with a single fracture to the mandible. Various etiological factors contributed to these mandibular fractures. Interestingly the major contributing factor was found to be assault. This study confirms the results that males are affected more than females. This study found the average male to female ratio to be 8.18:1. The age distribution ranged from 2 years to 86 years. The mean age was found to be 31.07 years with a standard deviation of 12.06 years. The highest frequency was recorded between 20 to 29 years (42.77%) followed by 30 to 39 vi years (24.36%). The sites of fractures varied with different combinations. The highest number of fractures was recorded in the left angle (159) followed by the right parasymphysis region (142). In the combination category however the left angle right parasymphysis combination (70) showed the highest incidence of combination fractures followed by left parasymphysis and right angle combination (47), right angle and left body combination (37) and left angle and right body (36) combination fractures. The incidence of sustaining a left angle and right parasymphysis combination fracture is 13.86%. A total of 92 (18.22%) condyles sustained fractures with various combinations. Fifty fractures occurred on the left side while 42 occurred on the right side. Conclusion- In conclusion this study has shown that there is a 41.33% chance of a combination fracture occurring in a fractured mandible. These results are statistically high given the fact that the mandible is a commonly injured bone. Therefore careful evaluation of diagnostic radiographs is necessary since some fractures are not diagnosed clinically. This can help improve treatment outcomes and reduce possible postoperative complications.

Thesis. / Includes reprints of 4 supporting articles. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1955. / "Thesis prepared as a requirement ... in oral surgery."

Thesis. / Includes reprints of 4 supporting articles. Includes bibliographies.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Dentistry, Maxillo, Facial and Oral Surgery Johannesburg, 2017 / Introduction: The mandibular angle fracture remains one of the most common mandibular fractures with a reported incidence of ~20 – 40%. Its treatment is rife with controversy with a reported global complication rate of ~30%. Aim: The purpose of the study is to determine the optimum management of the compound, isolated mandibular angle fracture. Methods and materials: A prospective, randomised, study was carried out within the department where all cases of isolated, compound, mandibular angle fractures were allocated to 1 of the three treatment groups: Group1: Superior border wire; Group2: Single miniplate; Group3: Double miniplate. The patients were assessed for the presence of post-operative infection, malocclusion and fixation failure and the outcomes were correlated. The data was analysed statistically and reported upon using STATA. Results: 75 patients were included in the study with 25 patients per group. Complication rates were equal between the miniplate groups (16%), with the Superior border wire having the best outcomes. The average ―days to surgical fracture repair post-injury‖ (p = 0.08) and the category of ―severely displaced fractures‖ (>5mm) are the factors shown to increase the incidence of complications, p = 0.02. Overall a 13.3% complication rate was noted. Conclusion: The use of 2 miniplates seems to offer no benefit over a single miniplate. In stark contrast to previous global findings, fixation using a superior border wire with intermaxillary fixation (IMF) showed the best outcomes with a 92% success rate and its usage should be reaffirmed as a cost-effective alternative in a resource-constrained environment. / MT2017

Thesis (M.Sc.D.)--Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry, 1975. Orthodontics. / 59 pages, illustrations, line drawings.

Thesis (M.Dent.(MFOS))-- University of Limpopo, 2012

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1972. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 21-23). Also issued in print.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1972. / Typescript (photocopy). eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 21-23).