Master of Science / Agronomy / Guihua Bai / Guorong Zhang / Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most damaging diseases in wheat, which impacts both grain yield and quality drastically. Recently, the disease has become more prevalent in the hard winter wheat (HWW) grown areas of the United States including Oklahoma where FHB has not been reported before. Growing resistant cultivars is the most economical and effective strategy for disease management. To dissect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FHB resistance in a moderately resistant hard winter wheat (HWW) cultivar, Overland, a population of 186 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from the cross between Overland and Overley, a susceptible HWW cultivar from Kansas. The RILs were evaluated for FHB type II resistance in one field and three greenhouse experiments and genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) markers. Three FHB resistance QTLs were mapped on Chromosomes 4DL, 4AL, and 5BL. The QTL on 4DL was the most consistent one and explained up to 13% of the phenotypic variation for type II resistance and 14 % for low Fusarium damaged kernels (FDK). Two GBS markers closely linked to the 4DL QTL were successfully converted to Kbioscience competitive allelic specific PCR (KASP) assays and can be used in marker-assisted breeding. In breeding, a single QTL may provide only partial resistance and pyramiding of several resistance QTLs in a cultivar can provide more protection in FHB epidemics. Fhb1 is a major QTL for FHB resistance from a Chinese source and Fhb3 is an alien gene from wild rye grass (Leymus racemosus). To study the effects of these QTLs individually and cumulatively in hard winter wheat backgrounds, they were transferred into two HWW cultivars Overland and Jagger. The results show that Fhb1 significantly increased FHB resistance, but Fhb3 did not. Thus, Fhb3 is not an effective gene for improvement of FHB resistance in HWW.

Au, Chun Hang. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-146). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Moshe Dubiner. / Ph.D.

Hui Cheung. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 166-172). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract --- p.iii / Acknowledgments --- p.vi / Abbreviations --- p.vii / Table of Contents --- p.viii / Table of Figures --- p.xiii / Table of Tables --- p.xviii / Chapter Chapter 1. --- Literature Reviews / Chapter 1.1 --- Functional Genomics and Its Developments --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- "Transcriptomics, Proteomics and Metabolomics" --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Gene-perturbing Strategies --- p.3 / Chapter 1.1.4 --- Applications of Functional Genomics --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) and Generation of Longer cDNA Fragments from SAGE tags for Gene Identification (GLGI) --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Introduction --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Principles and Methods of SAGE --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.3 --- Data Analysis --- Bioinformatics --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.4 --- Applications of SAGE --- p.9 / Chapter 1.2.5 --- Modifications of SAGE --- p.10 / Chapter 1.2.6 --- Principles and Methods of GLGI --- p.11 / Chapter 1.2.7 --- Applications and Improvements of GLGI --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3 --- Transformation --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Introduction --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Different Methods of Transformation --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.2.1 --- General Transformation Strategy --- p.15 / Chapter 1.3.2.2 --- Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-mediated Transformation --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.2.3 --- Restriction Enzyme Mediated Integration (REMI) --- p.16 / Chapter 1.3.2.4 --- Electroporation --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.2.5 --- Particle Bombardment --- p.17 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- The Future Needs of Transformation --- p.18 / Chapter 1.4 --- RNA Silencing --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Introduction --- p.20 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Major Components and Principles of RNAi --- p.21 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Applications of RNA Silencing --- p.23 / Chapter 1.5 --- The Target Organism Lentinula edodes --- p.25 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Introduction --- p.25 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- The Life Cycle of L. edodes --- p.26 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Biochemical and Molecular Studies on L. edodes --- p.27 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Prospectus --- p.29 / Chapter Chapter 2. --- Development of Methods for Studying Gene Function in Lentinula edodes / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.30 / Chapter 2.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Cultivation of Lentinula edodes --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Proplast Release and Regeneration --- p.32 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Preparation of Plasmid DNA --- p.33 / Chapter 2.2.4 --- Selectable Marker …Bialaphos --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.5 --- Transformation --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.5.1 --- Electroporation --- p.35 / Chapter 2.2.5.2 --- PEG-mediated Transformation --- p.36 / Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Cultivation of Lentinula edodes --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Proplast Release and Regeneration --- p.37 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Preparation of Plasmid DNA --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Selectable Marker--- Bialaphos --- p.43 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Transformation --- p.46 / Chapter 2.3.5.1 --- Electroporation --- p.46 / Chapter 2.3.5.2 --- PEG-mediated Transformation --- p.46 / Chapter 2.4 --- Discussions and Conclusions --- p.57 / Chapter Chapter 3. --- Identification of Interested Genes in Expression Profile of SAGE using GLGI Method. / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Results of SAGE Analysis --- p.61 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Use of GLGI Method for Extension of SAGE Tags --- p.63 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- 5´ة Extension of GLGI (5'GLGI) --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1.3.1 --- Introduction --- p.65 / Chapter 3.1.3.2 --- "Overall strategy of 5, GLGI Method" --- p.67 / Chapter 3.1.3.3 --- Two-Steps PCR Method --- p.69 / Chapter 3.2 --- Generation of Longer cDNA Fragments from SAGE tags for Gene Identification (GLGI) --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Materials and Methods (GLGI Analysis) --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2.1.1 --- Total RNA Extraction --- p.71 / Chapter 3.2.1.2 --- Messenger RNA (mRNA) Extraction --- p.72 / Chapter 3.2.1.3 --- Preparation of 3´ة cDNA for GLGI --- p.73 / Chapter 3.2.1.4 --- NIaIII digestion of double strand cDNA --- p.74 / Chapter 3.2.1.5 --- PCR amplification of the 3'-cDNAs (Optional) --- p.77 / Chapter 3.2.1.6 --- GLGI Amplification of The Target Template --- p.80 / Chapter 3.2.1.7 --- DNA Cloning (Optional) --- p.82 / Chapter 3.2.1.8 --- Sequencing of GLGI PCR products --- p.85 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- 5' Materials and Methods (5' GLGI Analysis) --- p.86 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Preparation of unique antisense primers --- p.86 / Chapter 3.2.2.2 --- 5' extension of GLGI products --- p.87 / Chapter 3.2.2.3 --- DNA Cloning (Optional) --- p.89 / Chapter 3.2.2.4 --- Sequencing of 5' GLGI PCR products --- p.89 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Results (GLGI Analysis) --- p.90 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Total RNA Extraction --- p.90 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Messenger RNA Extraction --- p.90 / Chapter 3.2.3.3 --- Preparation of 3' cDNA for GLGI --- p.90 / Chapter 3.2.3.4 --- NIaIII digestion of double strand cDNA --- p.94 / Chapter 3.2.3.5 --- GLGI Amplification of The Target Template --- p.94 / Chapter 3.2.3.6 --- Sequencing of GLGI PCR products --- p.103 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- Results (5' GLGI Analysis) --- p.111 / Chapter 3.2.4.1 --- 5' extension of GLGI products --- p.111 / Chapter 3.2.4.2 --- Sequencing of 5´ة GLGI PCR products --- p.116 / Chapter 3.3 --- Discussions and Conclusions --- p.126 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- GLGI amplification of the target template --- p.126 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- 5' extension of GLGI products --- p.129 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Two-Steps PCR Method --- p.130 / Chapter 3.3.4 --- Sequencing results of GLGI method and 5' GLGI method --- p.131 / Chapter Chapter 4. --- Identification of Unknown EST Using PCR Method With cDNA Library / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.134 / Chapter 4.2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.134 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Extension of 5' end of EST sequence by PCR method --- p.134 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Purification of PCR products --- p.136 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Sequencing of Extended EST products --- p.136 / Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.137 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Extension of 5' end of EST sequence by PCR method --- p.137 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Sequencing of Extended EST products --- p.137 / Chapter 4.4 --- Discussions and Conclusions --- p.147 / Chapter Chapter 5. --- General Discussions --- p.151 / Appendix I --- p.156 / Reference --- p.166

This thesis maps the different geographical processes by which people in Enlightenment Edinburgh encountered, understood and ordered space. It analyses the knowledge-making practices that were an integral part of Enlightenment reasoning, and that contributed to the construction of Edinburgh’s identity as an Enlightenment capital. In particular, it focuses on four aspects of mapping: planning, surveying, travelling, and compiling. The thesis explores how people in Enlightenment Edinburgh made sense of their city, their environs, their nation, and their world via these placed and place-making geographical processes. It focuses intimately on the work of planners, surveyors, travellers and compilers. It is concerned, moreover, with the transmission of plans, surveys, travel accounts and geographical compilations, and with the people who constituted a receptive commercial audience for them. The discussion makes use of a diverse range of sources, including manuscript maps of the New Town and the confessional diary of a hack writer, but it is primarily based on the substantial business ledgers of two Edinburgh booksellers, which cover the period 1771- 1809. By analysing the production and performance of the geographical works that were bought by the city’s inhabitants, this thesis demonstrates that Enlightenment mapping was the process by which the authority of vernacular spatial knowledges was replaced by a professedly ‘scientific’ paradigm. By emphasising the vernacular subjectivities of the production and performance of Enlightenment maps, however, the thesis denaturalises and challenges the legacy of Enlightenment.

Synapses are specialised contacts between neurons. At postsynaptic terminals of glutamatergic synapses, protein complexes process and transmit the information received from the presynaptic terminal. Scaffolding proteins, among which members of the disc large homologue (DLG) family are the most abundant, assemble the molecular machinery in the postsynaptic terminal. Recently, two members of the DLG family, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) and synapse associated protein 102 (SAP102), have been shown to form different types of complexes, thus giving the synapse different signalling capabilities. However, the spatial distribution of these synaptic markers in different synapses remains elusive due to technical challenges. This thesis presents the first applications of a new method, the Genes to Cognition Synaptome Mapping pipeline (G2CSynMapp), to map individual synapses at the whole-brain level, in a quantitative and unbiased manner. This method was used to generate PSD95 and SAP102 synaptome maps – i.e. comprehensive maps of PSD95 and SAP102 positive synapses – in the mouse brain and to achieve three aims: i) characterise PSD95 and SAP102 synapse diversity, ii) measure the trajectory of PSD95 and SAP102 synapse changes during the postnatal lifespan and iii) determine whether PSD95 synaptome is reorganised by mutation. First, I have used G2CSynMapp to generate the first synaptome maps in the adult mouse brain. This reference map of PSD95 and SAP102 positive synapses revealed a highly organised distribution pattern of glutamatergic synapses between anatomical regions. Moreover, it uncovered that synapse populations are very diverse within anatomical regions and can form patches, gradients and input-specific glomeruli. Second, the trajectories of PSD95 and SAP102 synaptomes were mapped across the mouse postnatal lifespan. At birth, synapse densities are low and increase rapidly during the first month of life. During ageing, the density of SAP102 and PSD95 positive synapses decrease gradually. Interestingly, different anatomical regions show different trajectories of synapse density and parameters across the lifespan. Moreover, the packing of PSD95 and SAP102 at synapses have specific pattern of changes. Third, the PSD95 synaptome was found to be reorganised differently in two disease models, PSD93 and SAP102 knock-out mice. In humans, mutations in the genes encoding PSD93 or SAP102 have been involved in schizophrenia and mental retardation, respectively. Of particular interest, opposite changes were identified in the neocortex of the two mutant lines that are reminiscent of their inverse behavioural phenotypes.

Building design is a complex process that involves multi-disciplinary professionals working together throughout the multi-processes of a project. The success of this process is highly dependent on effective communication and adequate information flow; any incorrect or inadequate information flow will result in a failure in project management Information and communication technologies (ICT) have been implemented and integrated into many of the individual processes of building design, but little is known of the extent and intensity of ICT implementation. Not is there any clear indication about where future development might occur. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate an ICT implementation map, focusing on the usage level, the impact, barriers and other issues of ICT implementation during the building design process for current practice, and to predict future trends over the following five years (2005 to 2009). Five

Graduation date: 2004

Marker information in the new oilseed crop, meadowfoam, is limited. Molecular markers to facilitate meadowfoam breeding and cultivar improvement are not available. The knowledge of genetic relationships among recent germplasm is not known. The objectives of this study were (i) to gain an understanding of genetic diversity and relationship patterns among germplasm. (ii) to construct a genetic linkage map, and (iii) to map genes and QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci) underlying erucic and dienoic acid concentrations in seed oils. We fingerprinted meadowfoam 41 accessions of section inflexae of family Limnanthaceae using 176 AFLP markers. Polymorphic information content (PIC) scores were high in 42.6% of the markers and ranged from 0.45 to 0.5. Genetic distance estimates ranged from 0.14 to 0.55 with an average of 0.44. The clustering phenogram showed concordance with taxonomic classification. The first three principal component analyses accounted for 37% of the total variation of genetic distance estimated. We concluded that the genetic diversity of elite and exotic germplasm in section Inflexae was high. The AFLP genetic linkage map for meadowfoam was built using inter-subspecific backcross progeny between OMF40-11 (Limnanthes. alba spp. alba) and 0MF64 (L. alba spp. versicolor). The map was comprised of 104 loci in five linkage groups, with 14 to 28 loci per linkage group. The map covered 698.3 cM with a mean density of 6.7 cM. The lengths of the linkage groups varied from 110.3 to 168.0 cM. AFLP loci were randomly distributed throughout the genome with no centromeric clustering. Genetic maps of meadowfoam can be rapidly Constructed using a small number of AFLP primer combinations. We utilized the AFLP genetic linkage map to map genes and QTLs underlying erucic and dienoic acid concentrations in seed oils. The QTL analyses were performed using interval mapping. QTL affecting erucic and dienoic acids was mapped to linkage group four at the E locus, which controlled seed oil phenotypic differences between the two subspecies, alba and versicolor. The effect of E locus was pleiotropic. QTLs with significant effects on content of erucic and dienoic acid other than the effects of E locus were not found in this backcross population. / Graduation date: 2000

Making quality and winterhardiness in barley are "ultimate" phenotypes composed of component, quantitatively inherited traits. A 69-point genome map of the seven chromosomes of barley was used, in conjunction with multi-environment phenotypes for grain yield and malting quality, to determine the chromosome locations of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A combined analysis of the two environments identified QTLs that were both common and unique to each environment. Dispersed QTLs with positive relationships provide ready targets for marker-assisted selection. Overlapping QTLs for agronomic and making quality QTLs with favorable alleles contributed by alternate parents will require further, higher resolution mapping to determine if negative relationships are due to linkage or pleiotropy. There is preliminary evidence for orthologous agronomic trait and malting QTLs in barley. This QTL analysis will hopefully assist in the rapid development of winter making varieties that will maximize the profitability of Oregon barley production. / Graduation date: 1994