Coastal infrastructure has replaced many vital fish nursery habitats with structures designed without fully mitigating for the loss of the natural ecosystems. This thesis details research focused on the use of small, inexpensive, artificial reef modules as replacement juvenile fish habitat within marinas. My research hypothesis was that the placement of small, structurally complex artificial reef modules would increase fish abundance and species richness relative to unmodified marina seawalls. Non-destructive visual surveys of fishes were completed monthly for 14 months for 12 artificial reef sites and 12 control (unmodified) sites within the Nova Southeastern University Guy Harvey Oceanographic Center (NSU-GHOC) marina. Divers recorded species, abundance, and size class (0-2 cm, >2-5 cm, >5-10 cm, >10-20 cm, >20-30 cm, >30-50 cm, >50 cm) for all sites. Data was statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Student Newman-Keuls (SNK) tests to explore differences in mean abundance, mean species richness, and mean abundance and species richness by size class and month. Total mean fish abundance and mean species richness (all months and sizes combined) were both significantly higher at artificial reef sites than at control sites. Artificial reef sites were consistently higher in total abundance and species richness when analyzed by month. Analysis of mean abundance by size class found the >2-5 cm, >5-10 cm, >10-20 cm and >20-30 cm classes were significantly higher for artificial reef sites. Species richness analysis by size class found classes >2-5 cm, >5-10 cm, >10-20 cm, and >20-30 cm were significantly higher at artificial reef sites. Fishes from the grunt (Haemulidae) and snapper (Lutjanidae) families contributed the most to the total abundance for both types of sites. These results support my hypothesis and have important implications for mitigating ecological impact to coastal fish nursery areas with the use of artificial structure.

El trabajo de investigación desarrollado a continuación tiene como finalidad evidenciar que la implementación de los estándares y buenas prácticas recomendadas en la guía del PMBOK® 6ª edición, aplicando el enfoque del PMI, resulta útil para la implementación de obras marinas, como en el caso del Astillero Naval del Callao, generando un precedente en la bibliografía a consultar para el desarrollo de futuras obras de este tipo. A partir de la 6ª edición, el director de proyecto asume nuevos roles, y se convierte en el nexo entre la organización y el proyecto, para maximizar el aprovechamiento del beneficio que el proyecto genere para la organización. Este trabajo pretende ilustrar como en el caso de la dirección de proyectos de obras marinas se aplica este nuevo enfoque, identificando los beneficios que la organización desea obtener del proyecto y describiendo las características que el director de proyecto debe tener en cuenta para cumplir este nuevo rol. En este trabajo se evidencia, entre otras cosas, la importancia de convocar y seleccionar proveedores especializados en obras acuáticas, así como contar con una supervisión especializada. Este proyecto que se suma a la infraestructura portuaria del país, y su ejecución se convierte en referente para nuevos proyectos como el caso del Puerto San Martín o el Terminal Portuario Salaverry, los cuales se desarrollarán en los próximos años y requerirán no solamente de personal calificado, sino además de toda la información registrada de obras anteriores que puedan servir de base de lecciones aprendidas a futuro para una ejecución eficiente. / The research work developed below has as purpose prove that the implementation of the standards and good practices recommended in the PMBOK® Guide 6th edition, applying the PMI approach, is useful for implementation of navy projects, as in the case of the Callao Shipyard Naval, generating a precedent in the bibliography to consult for the development of future projects of this type. Since the 6th edition, the project manager assumes new roles and becomes the nexus between the organization and the project, to maximize the use of the benefit that the project generates for the organization. This work aims to illustrate how this new approach is applied in the case of project management in navy projects, identifying the benefits than organization wishes to obtain from the project and describing the characteristics that the project manager must take into account in order to fulfill this new role. This paper demonstrates, among other things, the importance of calling and selecting specialized suppliers in waterworks, as well as having specialized supervision. This project that is added to the port infrastructure of the country, and its execution becomes a reference for new projects such as the case of Puerto San Martín or the Salaverry Port Terminal, which will be developed in the coming years and will require not only qualified personnel, but also all the registered information of previous works that can serve as a base of lessons learned in the future for an efficient execution. / Trabajo de Investigación