DEA--Hist. de l'art--Paris IV, 2004. / Bibliogr. p. 683-689.

Texte remanié de: Thèse--Lettres--Montpellier 3, 1974. / Bibliogr. p. 607-614. Notes bibliogr.

Thèse de doctorat : Histoire : Lyon 2 : 2000. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

Thesis (M.S)--Ohio University, November, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-71)

Thesis (M.S)--Ohio University, November, 2004. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-71)

Diss.--Fachbereich Geschichte--Konstanz--Universität, 1988.

Th.--Géogr. phys.--Poitiers, 1987.

Le travail de thèse concerne le développement d'un modèle numérique pour la détermination des propriétés hydromécaniques équivalentes pour les roches fracturées. Le rapport de thèse est organisé en 7 chapitres. Le premier chapitre décrit les objectifs de la thèse et présente brièvement une synthèse des travaux réalisés sur les roches fracturées. L'accent est mis sur l'Élément Composite et la détermination des propriétés hydrauliques et mécaniques équivalentes des roches fracturées. Le second chapitre présente les outils utilisés dans le travail de thèse, à savoir la méthode des éléments finis, l'Elément Composite, le couplage écoulement/contraintes, le Réseau de Neurones Artificiels et la méthode de Monte-Carlo. Le troisième chapitre présente le concept de la méthode numérique proposée pour obtenir les propriétés hydrauliques équivalentes des roches fracturées. Elle décrit aussi les données nécessaires à ('application de cette méthode, à savoir celles sur les fractures dominantes. Les chapitres 4 et 5 présentent la détermination des propriétés hydrauliques et mécaniques équivalentes des roches sans prendre en compte le couplage contraintes/écoulement. Le 6ème chapitre présente la détermination des propriétés hydrauliques équivalentes en considérant le couplage contraintes/écoulement. Ce chapitre comporte également la construction d'une base de données sur l'influence du couplage contraintes/perméabilité sur les propriétés hydrauliques équivalentes. Le dernier chapitre décrit un procédé basé sur une combinaison des approches implicite et explicite pour l'analyse d'un barrage poids. Les données de la méthode implicite sont déterminées en utilisant la méthode numérique proposée dans ce travail. / This thesis concerns the use of the "Numerical Test System" for the determination of the equivalent hydraulic and mechanical properties of fractured rock masses. The thesis is composed of 7 chapters. The first chapter describes the objective of the thesis and briefly presents the previous studies conducted on fractured rock masses, with a particular focus on the Composite Element Method as weil as the estimation of the equivalent hydraulic and mechanical properties of fractured rocks. The second chapter presents the tools used in the thesis development, namely the finite element method, the composite element method, the coupling theory, the artificial neural network and the Monte Carlo Method. The third chapter presents the concept of the "Numerical Test System (NTS)" for determination of the equivalent hydraulic properties offractured rock. This method requires field data on dominating fractures. Chapters 4 and 5 present the determination of the equivalent hydraulic and mechanical properties and the relevant REYs neglecting the seepage/stress coupling. The 6th chapter presents the determination of the equivalent hydraulic properties considering seepage/stress coupling. This Chapter also establishes a stress/permeability database for describing the relationship between stresses and the equivalent hydraulic property. The last chapter describes a procedure based on a combination of the implicit and explicit approaches for the analysis of a grravity dam. The eqivalent properties of the implicit method are determined using the NTS.

Comparisons are drawn of the effects of the Alpine orogeny on Mesozoic sediments and the underlying Hercynian massif basement rocks at the SW end of the Aar Massif. The study has also brought a clearer understanding of the pre-Permian geological history of the massif. The main lithological units in basement and cover are briefly described, and their mapping on 1 : 10,000 scale has shown large and medium scale structures. Deformation sequences have been established for the basement (D1b to D6b) and for the cover (D1c to D3c) and there is a clear correlation of Alpine st ructures (D1c to D3c equivalent to D4b to D6b). In the basement the late-Hercynian deformation of Upper Carboniferous metasediments is recognizable. These sediments were deposited on the older Altkristallin gneiss complex which had previously suffered the main Hercynian deformation and metamorphism. The trend of Alpine structures is subparallel to the trend of late-Hercynian structures, producing difficulties in discernment, and consolidating the regional NE-SW trend of basement structures. Alpine deformation was fairly simple, comprising one main deformation, followed by two weak phases producing only localized small-scale structures. Quantitative strain analysis for the main Alpine deformation investigates local situations and compares different types of strain marker. Incremental strains are recorded in curved pressure shadow quartz fibres in both basement and cover. These indicate early extension directions steeply plunging SE, later rotating through gentle plunge E, to subhorizontal NE and gentle plunge SW. Deformed Carboniferous pebbles, and cover ooids, intraclasts, faecal pellets, and ammonites have been analyzed, but all except faecal pellets suffer from the presence of initial preferred orientations and ductility contrasts with their matrix materials. Illite crystallinity studies show that the pelitic rocks investigated (basement and cover) reached a degree of Alpine metamorphism just inside low-grade as defined by WINKLER (1974) though the presence of graphite may have allowed this grade to be attained at relatively low temperatures. Further studies show this to have been a Barrovian-type syntectonic metamorphism. Generally similar finite Alpine deformation of basement and cover may be inferred from similar development of structures and similar quantitative strain estimates, but the very varied compositions and textures of rocks will have required somewhat different deformation mechanisms, and varied strain distribution.

Felsic granulites from the Kutná Hora complex in the Moldanubian zone of central Europe preserve mineral assemblage that record transition from early eclogite to granulite facies conditions, and exhibit discordant leucocratic veining, which is interpreted as evidence for melt loss during the decompression path. The granulites are layered and consist of variables proportions of quartz, ternary feldspar, garnet, biotite, kyanite, and rutile. In the mesocratic layers, garnet grains show relatively high Ca contents corresponding to 28-41 mol. % grossular end member. They have remarkably flat compositional profiles in their cores but their rims exhibit an increase in pyrope and a decrease in grossular and almandine components. In contrast, garnets from the leucocratic layers have relatively low Ca contents (15-26 mol. % grossular) that further decrease towards the rims. In addition to modelling of pressure-temperature pseudosections, compositions of garnet core composition, garnet rim- ternary feldspar-kyanite-quartz equilibrium, ternary feldspar composition, and the garnet- biotite equilibrium provide five constraints that were used to constrain the pressure- temperature path from eclogite through the granulite and amphibolite facies. In both layers, garnet cores grew during omphacite and phengite dehydration...