2 pp. / Revision of 2001 title by Misner / Healthy eating is really the first step in taking care of diabetes. Making good food choices and staying active are important. Eating less fat - especially saturated fat - is one way to decrease the risk for heart disease. This article provides information about different food nutrients and how their intake can be monitored to take care of diabetes.

Oilseed crops are being widely evaluated for potential biodiesel production. Seed meal (SM) remaining after extracting oil may have use as a bioherbicide or organic fertilizer. Brassicaceae SM often contains glucosinolates that can hydrolyze into biologically active compounds. Jatropha curcas SM does not contain glucosinolates but contains curcin, a known phytotoxin (toxalbumin). A 14-d greenhouse study was conducted to determine how Sinapis alba (white mustard, WM), Brassica juncea (Indian mustard, IM), Camelina sativa (camelina) and Jatropha curcas (jatropha) applied to soil at varying application rates and incubation times affected seed germination and seedling survival of cotton [Gossypium hirsutum (L.)], sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense), and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus). Seed meals were analyzed for the presence of glucosinolates, and were applied at 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.5 percent (w/w) to Darco fine sand soil and incubated for 1, 7 or 14 d prior to planting. With the weed species, germination and survival was most reduced by 2.5 percent WM SM incubated 1d for Johnsongrass and 14 d for redroot pigweed. Cotton and sorghum seedlings showed strong negative responses to WM SM applications of 2.5 percent at any incubation time. All crops and weed species were most inhibited by 2.5 percent application with any SM, but incubation days varied. Seed meals of each species showed negative results dependent on the incubation day, but overall, WM and camelina SMs were most detrimental compared to IM and jatropha. A second greenhouse study was conducted to determine the availability of nutrients in SMs (WM and IM) to cotton and sorghum compared to inorganic fertilization. Seed meals were applied at 1.0 and 2.5 percent (w/w) and initially incubated for 35 days prior to planting. Emergence of both species was so poor that treatments were incubated for an additional 21 d and replanted. Application rates of 2.5 percent WM and IM SMs reduced sorghum heights and biomass, but only WM had a negative effect on cotton yield. However, the higher of the SM application rates provided greater levels of nutrients compared to the fertilized treatment and control. Results suggested that the type, rate, and timing of SM applications should be considered before land-applying SMs in organic cropping systems in order to successfully manage weeds while producing a profitable crop.

Thesis (MNutr)--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

This thesis examines the caloric values of meals served in a college dormitory.

Mosquitoes (Culicidae) transmit several parasites and pathogens including the causative agent of malaria, haemosporidians (Haemosporida). Transmission of these agents to and from the mosquito occurs during the collection of a blood meal. Because of this, it is imperative to gather data on current feeding patterns of mosquitoes. Prior to this study there were no published data on current feeding patterns of mosquitoes in Mississippi. Mosquitoes were captured with CDC light traps at eleven sites in two collection years. Engorged females were analyzed for blood meal content, and the vertebrate host was identified to species level in 72 mosquitoes. Previously published haemosporidian data were gathered to compare potential transmission of haemosporidians to and from the vertebrate and mosquito hosts identified in this study.

2 pp. / This handout reviews healthy meal choices for active youth traveling to away sporting events. It gives examples of healthier food options from different types of restaurants.

Thesis advisor: Paul Cichello / Initially launched as a pilot program in 1996 by the World Food Program (WFP) at the request of the Government of Malawi (GoM), the School Meals Program (SMP) reached approximately 642,000 primary school children by 2011. According to the WFP, the objectives of the SMP are: 1) reduce drop out rates; 2) promote regular attendance; 3) increase enrollment; and 4) improve children’s ability to concentrate and learn, through food provision (WFP, 2010). Given these aims, this paper aims to determine if Malawi’s SMP affects the primary enrollment rate or attendance as measured as an impact on temporary withdraws. By applying a propensity score matching (PSM) model to the Third Integrated Household Survey data from 2010-2011, the estimation of the impacts will aim to mitigate selection bias using historic enrollment and other covariates, which include WFP selection criteria and theory-based community and political characteristics. Using three different matching techniques, the model predicts that the SMP has no impact on primary enrollment and a statistically insignificant, but positive impact on attendance, here measured as a decrease in temporary withdraws. Explanations for these atypical results include the presence of exclusion errors, which were found in the pilot evaluation, model misspecification, and the lack of social desirability bias in my measures. Further research is needed to determine the extent to which previous results have been biased by Hawthorne effects or social desirability bias. Given the potential of the temporary withdraws for highlighting a positive impact of the program, further studies should include this measure as a potential outcome of any SMP program, especially in agrarian economies. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2015. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Departmental Honors. / Discipline: Economics.

acase@tulane.edu / Recent research has suggested a strong link between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity in youth. Both ADHD and obesity have high prevalence and are associated with an enormous personal, family, and social burden. Approximately 5% of children worldwide are currently diagnosed with ADHD, and the prevalence of obesity is estimated to increase relatively by 40% in children with ADHD. Thus, it is imperative to examine potential behavioral mechanisms that underlie comorbid ADHD and obesity, one of which may be abnormal eating behaviors. These behaviors compounded by ADHD symptomology contribute to weight gain in this population. Despite evidence that frequently sharing family meals may protect against abnormal eating behaviors, health-adverse behaviors, and overweight/obesity in youth, only half of families in the United States eat dinner together 6-7 nights per week. This study examines whether United States youth ages 10-17 who present with ADHD are more likely to be overweight/obese than those without ADHD and whether the frequency of shared family meals moderates this comorbidity. Data were obtained from the 2011/2012 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH). Using an ordinal regression analysis with moderation, the current study found that youth with ADHD are more likely to be overweight/obese. Frequency of shared family meals was not found to moderate the relationship between ADHD and weight status in the current study sample. Implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are discussed. / 1 / Emma Clare Lewis

A programme of study was undertaken to assess the effect of pretreating raw soya bean and processed full fat soyabean meals with protease enzymes prior to use in liquid feed for grower and finisher pigs. A series of laboratory studies was undertaken to examine the efficacy of three microbial proteases (P2, P3 and P4) in partially hydrolysing soya protein and in reducing the levels of trypsin inhibitors in raw soyabean. Pretreatment consisted of steeping ground soyabean for 24 h at 20° C in the absence (control) or presence of 20 000 units gˉ¹ N of P2, P3 or P4. Pretreating raw soyabean (RSB) with P2, P3 and P4 significantly (P < 0.05) reduced trypsin inhibitor levels from 28.53 to 19.98, 17.17 and 18.35 (s.e.m.1.14) mg trypsin inhibited gˉ¹ soya respectively. Pretreating RSB, micronized (MIC) or autoclaved (AUT) soyabean meal with P2, P3 or P4 resulted in increases in soluble a.-amino nitrogen of 5.22, 7.08, and 6.58 (RSB), 5.11, 5.57 and 4.32 (MIC) and 3.56, 7.03 and 6.18 (s.e.d. 0.06) mg gˉ¹ soya respectively and in vitro digestibility of nitrogen of 7.6 %, 9.9 %and 6.4 % (RSB), 4.9 %, 8.3 % and 2.8 % (MIC) and 11 %, 8 % and 12.2 % (AUT) respectively compared with the appropriate controls. Feeding trials were conducted in which pretreated soya was added to a basal cereal diet. Pretreatment of RSB with P4 resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in ADG of 0.08 kg pigˉ¹ dˉ¹ (s.e.d. 0.04) in grower pigs (33.5 ± 4 kg) over the 6 week duration of the trial but had no significant effect on FCR. Pretreatment of AUT with P4 did not significantly improve performance. In a feeding trial with grower/finisher pigs pretreatment of RSB with P3 resulted in significant (P < 0.05) improvements of 0.10 (s.e.d. 0.04) kg pigˉ¹ dˉ¹ in ADG and 0.476 (s.e.d. 0.19) in FCR. Pretreatment of MIC with P3 resulted in a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 4 d (s.e.d. 1. 7) in the time taken for pigs to attain slaughter weight.

Thesis (M.S.)--Eastern Illinois University, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 64-69).