Orientador: Oscar Antonio Braunbeck / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Agricola / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T23:39:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlbrechtNeto_Efraim_M.pdf: 3751495 bytes, checksum: 0e5091991dd69da4f6549274265d1bf5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: O sistema mecanizado de colheita da cana-de-açúcar utilizado atualmente no Brasil tem como característica a colheita de cana picada, necessita de altos investimentos para a sua implantação e gera perdas significativas de matéria-prima. Com o intuito de aproveitar a infraestrutura disponível nas usinas do país, bem como diminuir as perdas de matéria-prima na colheita, pesquisas têm sido realizadas para viabilizar a colheita mecanizada de cana inteira. Neste sistema, um dos principais obstáculos a ser superado é a remoção das folhas dos colmas de cana-de-açúcar. Este trabalho teve como objetivo projetar, construir e avaliar uma unidade de despalhamento piloto para cana-de-açúcar com rolos oscilantes montados em série, que será acoplada a uma colhedora de cana inteira. Para tanto foi avaliado a influência de três parâmetros operacionais na eficiência de limpeza do mecanismo. Dos três parâmetros analisados: distância entre rolos, carga aplicada pela mola aos calmos e velocidade tangencial dos rolos, o que apresentou maior influência sobre a eficiência de limpeza foi a velocidade tangencial dos rolos. A remoção do palhiço dos colmos de cana-de-açúcar ocorreu por intermédio da raspagem dos rolos e da força aplicada por estes aos colmos para provocar a aceleração observada nos mesmos / Abstract: Mechanical harvesbng of sugarcane in Brasil is done mainly through the chopped cane system which requires lugh capital investments a has high harvesting losses. A desirable harvesting system should take advantage of existing infra-structure, use harvesting principles associated with lower cane losses as well as utilize lower cost and simpler components. Under these conditions the whole stalk cane system has better characteristics to fulfill the above requirements. The objective of this work was to design, build and test a mechanical detrasher capable to be attached to a field whole stalk cane harvester. Three main factors related to detrashing efficiency were experimentally studied: clearance between upper and lower roller slats; level of spring load and tangential velocity of the rubbing slats. Roller speed was the main factor affecting detrashing perfomrmance. Direct rubbing action of slats on the cane stalks and inertial forces applied by the slats on the leaves were accounted for the main detrashing action / Mestrado / Maquinas Agricolas / Mestre em Engenharia Agrícola

As technology advances in all areas of society and industry, the technology used to produce one of life's essentials - food - is also improving. The majority of agriculture production in developed countries has gone from family farms to industrial operations. With the advent of large-scale farming, the automation of basic farming operations has increasingly made practical and economic sense. Broccoli, which is still harvested by hand, is one of the most expensive crops to produce. Investing in sensing technology that can provide detailed information about the location, maturity and viability of broccoli heads has the potential to produce great commercial benefits. This technology is also a prerequisite for developing an autonomous harvester that could select and harvest mature heads of broccoli. This thesis details the work done to develop a computer vision algorithm that has the ability to locate the broccoli head within an image of an entire broccoli plant and to distinguish between mature and immature broccoli heads. Locating the head involves the use of a Hough transform to find the leaf stems and, once the stems are found, the location and extent of the broccoli head can be ascertained with the use of contrast texture analysis at the intersection of the stems. A co-occurrence matrix is then produced of the head and statistical texture analysis is performed to determine the maturity of the broccoli head. The conceptual design of a selective autonomous broccoli harvester, as well as suggestions for further research, is also presented. / Master of Science