<p>The aim of this study was to examine nursing personnel’s knowledge about oral health care and attitudes towards the free assessment of the oral status done by the dental service for elderly and handicapped persons in a municipality in the south part of Skåne, and also how personnel experience the free assessment of the oral status done by the dental service and how it functioned at the facilities. The study was carried out by sending out 150 questionnaires to nursing personnel at six special housing facilities. 73% (110 personnel’s) answered the questionnaires. The results of the study indicate that the nursing personnel had good knowledge in oral health care and they felt that they had good practical and theoretical knowledge in oral health care. They considered that the free assessment of the oral status at the nursing homes done by the dental service was important and 57 % thought it was excellent carried out. However 40 % of the nursing personnel were not satisfied with the frequency of visits from the dental service. </p>

<p>For a long period of time there has been an extensive documentation of how things are presumed not to be at our workplace. However there is little knowledge on how it is supposed to be, what makes us feel good and what makes us retain our well-being. The aim of this study was to survey the attitudes towards factors of well-being at the workplace among personnel at four institutions at Kristianstad University. The work method used in this study is quantitative and a questionnaire survey was carried out to produce an overall picture. The majority considered praise from manager and the opportunity of development discussions of great importance. During the development discussion the majority considered feedback on work achievements the topic of most importance to discuss. Stress management was found to be the pre-eminent benefit to be offered from the employer. Women had a more positive attitude towards factors that promote health in the relationship between the co-workers. In general women also had a more positive attitude towards factors that promote health in the assignment. The result of our study raises attitudes towards health promoting factors, and could indicate the direction for pursued health promoting work in the workplace. To enable an organization, and its employees, to develop and grow according to their attitudes, they will need opportunities to reflect and learn. </p>

<p>Background: Every patient and each situation is unique. Therefore the nurse has to act in a flexible intervention and still keep an ethical perspective. Aim: The aim of this studie was to illuminate nurses’ different aspects of decision making in emergency situations. Method: The result is based on nine scientific articles. Their quality has been examined and analysed according to a qualitative research model. The articles has been analysed by inductive and deductive methods.</p><p>Results: The findings present nurses’ experiences of decison making based on their own decision and ethical dilemmas. Valuation and conviction, experience and intuition were essentailly for the nurses decision making.There were sometimes a conflict between nurses’ and patients, relatives and doctors opinion. Conclussions: A perspective from many different angles would create a wider base of ethical decision making.</p>

<p>Literature describes what it is like to be a leader in the healthcare and what is looked upon as the most characteristic quality for female leadership. Women often use a leadership technique that motivates the employee and they allow themselves to develop a humanitarian leadership. The aim of this study was to describe female head nurses’ experience of their leadership in healthcare. The collection of data has been carried out from interviews. The material was treated and analysed from a qualitative analysis of contents. The results were presented from the following areas: The significance of the central leadership, the gender perspective, the relations and the endorsement for the own leadership, and the personal leadership role. The work as a head nurse was known as an interesting and stimulating task that however often was disturbed by routine work. The most important part of the commission, that is to say to develop the work and the process had to step back. They experienced a solitude that they tried to take care of by networks within and outside the enterprise. Most of them had not been prepared for the task when they took up office and a plan for winding up after the commission is over was neither elucidated. Continued research in these areas would be a way to give the head nurses a better working environment and it would be of advantage both to co-workers and patients</p>

<p>Violence and aggression is a common problem for staff in different care units. Caregivers often feel frustrated and unsatisfied in their work with these patients. Even caregivers with long experience finds it valuable to get education in management of violent patients. The aim of this literature study was to illuminate staffs experience in meeting with aggresive and violent patients. The method that was used was a literature research, where earlier research findings were read, analysed and put together. Databasis used where Pubmed, Psychinfo and Cinahl. Words that were used in the search was mental health, aggression, violence, abuse, management, staff, coping, and experience. Cause of violence seemed to be the patients sickness. Enviornment could also be the cause of violence. Violence often occured in caring situations, when caregiver where physical close with patients. Caregivers felt anger, shame, guilt and a feeling of being useless. Caregivers doubted their own competence. Nurses felt that their ability to talk and calm patient was ineffective. Staff felt that they had most support from colleagues, family and friends. They wanted to have more support and guidance from managers. There must be actions taken in the area of aggression and violence at work. It can not be taken as an acceptable way to behave, and something that is accepted as a part of the work. Caregivers must report violence to managers to show that it exist. The enviornment must be adjusted to the purpose of care. Caregivers needs education and guidance in meetings with aggresive and violent patients.</p>

<p>Bakgrund: Hos cirka två tredjedelar av alla ungdomar med depression finns självmordstankar. Ungefär 37 ungdomar i åldrarna 15-19 år begår varje år fullbordat självmord i Sverige. Det kan tyda på att depressioner bland ungdomar är vanligt. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva riskfaktorer för självmordsförsök hos depressiva ungdomar och omhändertagandet för att förhindra självmord. Metod: En litteraturstudie baserad på analys av elva vetenskapliga artiklar gjordes. Resultat: Resultatet visar att riskfaktorerna för att begå självmord fanns inom familjära faktorer, social samhörighet med andra, brist på copingstrategier, tidigare självmordsförsök och beteendeförändring. Resultatet visade också att socialt stöd är viktigt i omhändertagandet av ungdomar och att rådgivning var en vanlig vård åtgärd. Diskussion: En metod för att förhindra självmordsförsöket kan vara att sjuksköterskan bildar en relation med ungdomarna. I relationen är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan vågar fråga ungdomarna om hans/hennes självmordstankar. Slutsats: Vidare forskning inom området är viktigt då sjuksköterskor med ökad kunskap och förståelse kan höja kvalitén i omvårdnaden av dessa ungdomar.</p><p> </p>

<p>Background: Almost every 20th child is borne premature in Sweden, before the parents are ready to care for a new family member. The parents need to cope with the stress and anxiety of having their newborn child in the neonatal ward and influenced by nursing care of neonatal staff grow their parental role.</p><p>Purpose: The aim of this study was to illustrate experiences of parenthood within the care of premature at the neonatal ward.</p><p>Method: A review where 18 articles between 2000 and 2005 were chosen and examined. The articles were analysed according to VIPS, which facilitates the practical use of the result.</p><p>Result: The study reveals that parenthood is experienced as a time dependent process with three phases, primary, secondary and tertiary, where the parent’s needs and experiences changed character. The parents experienced that they developed from passive to active in the care of the premature child when the neonatal staff guided their participation, gave information/education and support. Interventions concerned the environment and coordination was experienced as enhancing parenthood because it made it possible for the parents to be close to their premature child. </p><p>Conclusion: There’s still interventions that needs to be done at the neonatal ward to enhance parents experience of their parenthood.</p>

<p>Background: Febrile seizures are common in childhood. When a child is stricken with febrile seizures it is not only the child that is suffering, in fact the whole family is affected. There are different ways to prevent recurrence of febrile seizures, such as use of different drugs. The parents also need information about febrile seizures and support from the nurse. Aim: The aim of this literature study was to illuminate the nurse’s preventive work for children who have been stricken with febrile seizures. Method: A literature search was conducted in different databases. A qualitative content analysis of 10 scientific articles was performed. Result: The result was presented in three main categories. The first main category was the parents’ role; such as fear, lack of knowledge and concerns about the feature. The second main category was preventive caring, such as sponging, and the third one was the use of preventive drugs such as diazepam and antipyretics. Conclusion: The authors conclude that there is a large need of modern research in the aim of nursing of children with febrile seizures.</p>

<p>With good knowledge about the disease and the treatment, the fear and worry of children and parents can be reduced. Children may be helped by painting to express their experiences. In order to have a good care, the care-personnel need to see and understand what the children need. It is important to live an as regular life as possible during the disease and its treatment. The aim of this study was to elucidate how children experience chemotherapy in conection with their cancer disease. The method that was chosen was an systematic literature review. The result was based on five qualitative articles, which could be divided into four categories: to feel afraid and worried, to feel limited, to feel different and to feel sick. Discussion: There is risk that important information that the children want to tell will go lost when parents and care-personnels communicate children’s experiences to a third part. There is reaserch telling that children may need an adult to help express their experiences.</p>

<p>Diabetes typ 2 är en kronisk sjukdom som ständigt ökar. Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva patienters upplevelser av att leva med diabetes typ 2. Nio vetenskapliga artiklar analyserades. Analysen resulterade i fem huvudkategorier; upplevelser av att ändra livsstil, coping - ett sätt att hantera sin diabetes, upplevelser av en förändrad självkänsla, upplevelser av vårdpersonalens bemötande och framtidssyn. Resultat som framkom i studien var svårigheter med att ändra livsstil beträffande kostvanor, hantering av medicinering och fysisk aktivitet. Att hantera diabetes med hjälp av coping var vanligt förekommande. Vårdpersonalens bemötande upplevdes positivt när det handlade om kontinuitet och negativt när det handlade om tillrättavisningar och oengagerad vårdpersonal. Genom ökade kunskaper hos vårdpersonal om hur patienter upplever sin diabetes kan också omvårdnaden utvecklas och förbättras för denna patientkategori.</p><p>Diabetes type 2 is a chronic disease that increases. The aim with this literature study was to describe patients' experiences of living with diabetes type 2. Nine scientific articles were analyzed. The analysis resulted in five central categories; experiences of changing lifestyle, coping - a way to handle your diabetes, experiences of a changed self-esteem, experiences of nursing staffs refuting and future sights.</p><p>Results that emerged in the study were difficulties with changing lifestyle concerning eating habits, handling of medicine and physical activity. To handle diabetes with the aid of coping were common occurring. Nursing staff refuting was experienced positively when it was about continuity and negative when it was about admonitions and uncommitted nursing staff.</p><p>Through increased knowledge from nursing staff about how patients experience their diabetes nursing could be developed and be improved for this patient category.</p>