This thesis Medicinal plants: analysis of biology textbooks and the project proposal for lower secondary school is focused on project-based learning at lower secondary school on the subject of medicinal plants and on the analysis of biology textbooks in the context of the topic. The first part is devoted to the theoretical bases on the method of project-based learning and theory about medicinal plants. The theoretical part of the project-based learning involves the historical development of project-based learning and the current concept of project-based learning. The theoretical part devoted to medicinal plants presents a view of this issue, focusing on the basic active substances of plants and their harvesting, drying and storage. The following is part of the research, which includes quite an extensive analysis of biology textbooks on the subject of medicinal plants. This section presents a considerable part of the thesis and thus represents a valuable material for teachers who want to deal with medicinal plants in their classes. Another key part of this work is design and implementation of project-based learning on the subject of medicinal plants at the lower secondary school. This chapter is focused on the process of creation of the project "Plant treasures of our garden", which is designed by...

Os caracóis terrestres pertencem às famílias Achatinidae (África) e Helicidae (Europa). A espécie mais conhecida é a Achatina fulica (Gigante africano), sendo a mais recomendada para as regiões tropicais e subtropicais devido a sua capacidade de adaptação a estes climas. O muco de caracóis terrestres Achatina sp tem sido pesquisado devido sua atividade cicatrizante, além da atividade antibacteriana. A suplementação (plantas com finalidades cicatrizantes definidas como: confrei, papaína e centelha asiática nas rações destes animais) teve o propósito de caracterizar a composição glicoproteica do muco, considerando o bem-estar do animal, haja vista que os mesmos não foram sacrificados. Fez-se uso de uma metodologia envolvendo a coleta através de estímulo manual da glândula podal, responsável pela secreção do muco. Metodologia esta divergente de alguns autores que fizeram uso de estímulo elétrico com corrente elétrica nos animais para a coleta do muco, método este que vai contra os propósitos de bem-estar animal. Este estudo, além de utilizar uma metodologia menos drástica e prejudicial aos animais, permitiu que os mesmos retornassem ao seu ambiente de criação. As análises realizadas por testes colorimétricos e espectroscópicos, constataram que as alterações apresentadas nos testes foram muito semelhantes; no entanto, mostraram uma variação significativa na composição glicoproteica dos mucos analisados. / The terrestrial snails belong to the families Achatinidae (Africa) and Helicidae (Europe). The most known species is the Achatina fulica (Giant African), being the most recommended for the tropical and subtropical regions due its capacity of adaptation to these climates. Mucus of terrestrial snails Achatina sp has been searched had its wound healing activity, beyond the antibacterial activity. The suplementation (plants with defined wound healing purposes as comfrey, papain and centella asiatic in the rations of these animals) had the intention to characterize the glycoprotein composition of mucus, considering well-being of the animal, since the same ones had not been sacrificed. Using a methodology holding the collection through manual stimulation of the podal, responsible gland for the secretion of mucus. This methodology is divergent of some authors who had used electric stimulation with electric current on the animals for the collection of mucus, method contrary to the intentions of animal well-being. This study, beyond using a less drastic and harmful methodology to the animals, allowing that the same ones returned to its own creation environment. The analyses carried through for color and spectroscopy tests, evidenced that the alterations presented in the tests had been very similar; however, showed a significant variation in the glycoproteic composition of the analysed mucus.

Os caracóis terrestres pertencem às famílias Achatinidae (África) e Helicidae (Europa). A espécie mais conhecida é a Achatina fulica (Gigante africano), sendo a mais recomendada para as regiões tropicais e subtropicais devido a sua capacidade de adaptação a estes climas. O muco de caracóis terrestres Achatina sp tem sido pesquisado devido sua atividade cicatrizante, além da atividade antibacteriana. A suplementação (plantas com finalidades cicatrizantes definidas como: confrei, papaína e centelha asiática nas rações destes animais) teve o propósito de caracterizar a composição glicoproteica do muco, considerando o bem-estar do animal, haja vista que os mesmos não foram sacrificados. Fez-se uso de uma metodologia envolvendo a coleta através de estímulo manual da glândula podal, responsável pela secreção do muco. Metodologia esta divergente de alguns autores que fizeram uso de estímulo elétrico com corrente elétrica nos animais para a coleta do muco, método este que vai contra os propósitos de bem-estar animal. Este estudo, além de utilizar uma metodologia menos drástica e prejudicial aos animais, permitiu que os mesmos retornassem ao seu ambiente de criação. As análises realizadas por testes colorimétricos e espectroscópicos, constataram que as alterações apresentadas nos testes foram muito semelhantes; no entanto, mostraram uma variação significativa na composição glicoproteica dos mucos analisados. / The terrestrial snails belong to the families Achatinidae (Africa) and Helicidae (Europe). The most known species is the Achatina fulica (Giant African), being the most recommended for the tropical and subtropical regions due its capacity of adaptation to these climates. Mucus of terrestrial snails Achatina sp has been searched had its wound healing activity, beyond the antibacterial activity. The suplementation (plants with defined wound healing purposes as comfrey, papain and centella asiatic in the rations of these animals) had the intention to characterize the glycoprotein composition of mucus, considering well-being of the animal, since the same ones had not been sacrificed. Using a methodology holding the collection through manual stimulation of the podal, responsible gland for the secretion of mucus. This methodology is divergent of some authors who had used electric stimulation with electric current on the animals for the collection of mucus, method contrary to the intentions of animal well-being. This study, beyond using a less drastic and harmful methodology to the animals, allowing that the same ones returned to its own creation environment. The analyses carried through for color and spectroscopy tests, evidenced that the alterations presented in the tests had been very similar; however, showed a significant variation in the glycoproteic composition of the analysed mucus.