The entire set of analogous mono-indenyl metal trichlorides have been prepared for the titanium triad metals, (715-C9H7)TiC13, [(715-C9H7)ZrCI(.t-Cl)2]X, [(715-C9H7)HfCl2(µCl)]2. The interaction of (715-C9H7)TiCl3 and [(715-C9H7)HfC12(p.-Cl)]2 with A1Me3 hasled to the isolation and characterization of (715-C9H7)TiCH3C12 and [(715C9H7)HfCH3C1(µ-C1)]2, respectively. Also, the unexpected production of (715C9H7)2Ti(CH3)2 from the reaction of (715-C9H7)TiCl3 with LiMe has been examined. The reactivity of (715-C9H7)TiC13, [(715-C9H7)ZrCl(µ-Cl)2]X, and [(715-C9H7)HfC12(9-Cl)]2 with various Lewis bases has been explored and has afforded the isolation and characterization of the unusual half-sandwich phosphine complexes (C9H7)TiC13(PMe3), (715-C9H7)ZrC13(PMe3)2, (715-C9H7)HfC13(PMe3)2, and (715-C9H7)HfC13(PMe3) as well as (T15-C9H7)ZrC13(DME) and (715-C9H7)HfCI3(DME). Several examples of indenyl-metal bond cleavage have been observed. The indenyl-imido complex, [(715-C9H7)TiCI(p.NCH3)]2, has also been synthesized. The crystal structures of (715-C9H7)TiC13, [(715C9H7)HfC12(p.-Cl)]2, [(715-C9H7)HfCH3C1(µ-Cl)]2, and (715-C9H7)HfC13(PMe3) have been determined. / Department of Chemistry

The preparation of tri-n-butylstannylindene, has led to new synthetic routes to obtaining indenyl metal complexes of the Group V metal halides. Also, the fluxional behavior of tri-n-butylstannylindene has been studied by variable temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy.The interaction of the Group V metal halides with tri-n-butylstannylindene has led to the isolation and characterization of [(q5-C9H7)2TaC12] [TaC16] and [('q5-C9H7)2NbC12] [NbCl6]. Subsequent Lewis base chemistry has produced (T15-C9H7)TaC14(PMe3). The crystal structures of [(r15-C9H7)2TaCl2] [TaC16] and (15-C9H7)TaC14(PMe3) have been determined. The preparation and characterization of these compounds are discussed as well as the exploratory indenyl, Lewis base, and /or salt chemistry of vanadium, niobium, and tantalum. / Department of Chemistry

The metal mining history goes thousands of years back. The downside of the mining industry is the large amount of tailings created during the mining operations. Drainage and leaching of heavy metals from these tailings may cause major environmental problems including acid mine drainage and leaching of heavy metals. This study examines a pond located near an old mining site, where part of the old mining facility has been recently (1990) restored. The objective was to assess eventual metal contamination from historical mining and the recently performed restoration using a sediment core as a natural archive of historical metal inputs to the pond. I found that the concentration of lead, copper, zinc and nickel were elevated in comparison to background levels in sediment. Elevated concentrations were found in the deep layer of the sediment core, 14-20 cm with an estimated age of ca 100 years. The highest concentrations were found near the surface (3-4 cm depth). Conclusion of the study was that the early mining operations has affected the ponds metal contamination history. The restoration of the mining site had weak impact on the pond, but may contribute to the high metal concentration in recent sediments.

Metal-on-metal (MM) bearings have been considered as an alternative to conventional metal-on-polyethylene (MPE) bearings because of their lower volumetric wear, but concern exists due to potential metal hypersensitivity. Metal hypersensitivity reactions have been thought to be T cell-mediated delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. However some of the MM periprosthetic tissues show the presence of B- and plasma cells, as well as massive fibrin exudation, which are not characteristic of a DTH reaction. Therefore, the exact nature of the hypersensitivity reaction(s) MM implants remains unclear. The present study aimed to compare the phenotypes of lymphocytes from the peripheral blood and synovial fluid of patients with failed MM and MPE implants, and from volunteers with no implant (peripheral blood only). Results in peripheral blood showed differences in the T-cell populations depending on the implant type. This included differences in the proportions of T-helper and T-cytotoxic cells, and T-cells expressing IFN-g. Results in synovial fluid showed a significant difference between MM and MPE groups for the B-cells. Both groups depicted a predominance of T-cell lymphocytes in synovial fluid and overall larger proportions of memory cells than in peripheral blood, but group sizes were rather small. Overall, T-cell cytokine expression (analyzed in peripheral blood only because of the limited number of synovial fluid samples) did not exhibit characteristics of a DTH reaction and the proportions of memory lymphocytes did not indicate activation of a specific subset in the MM group. Nevertheless, group sizes still remain to be increased.

Porous metal-organic materials (MOMs) are assembled through coordination between two types of building units, metal or metal-containing nodes and organic linkers. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have 3-D infinite structures and are especially known for high porosity and enormous surface area, leading to diverse applications such as selective gas separation, gas storage and catalysis. In contrast, metal-organic polygons/polyhedra (MOPs) as discrete molecular coordination assemblies are soluble in certain solvents, allowing us to study their solution-chemistry. In the first project, a microporous MOF with 1-dimensional (1D) bridging helical chain secondary building units (SBUs) shows facile transition from micro- to mesoporosity upon activation conditions. The quickly activated MOF shows permanent microporosity while the slow removal of coordinated aqua ligand results in formation of the mesopores in the microporous MOF. Second, a strategy to introduce not only the functional groups but also functionalized meso-cavities into microporous MOFs through metal-ligand-fragment coassembly has been studied. With this functionalization, the interior of the MOFs can be tuned by a wide range of functional groups on the ligand fragments, including polar and ionic ones. Depending on the functional groups on the ligand fragments, the introduced cavities can be extended to mesopores in a controllable manner. Third, a MOF constructed from dicopper paddlewheels and a predesigned ligand bearing carboxylate, pyridine, and amide groups enables selective adsorption of CO2 over CH4 and high H2 adsorption. The cooperative catalytic activity in a tandem one-pot deacetalization-Knoevenagel condensation was demonstrated. In the fourth and fifth section, an optically and thermally switchable azobenzene was introduced into a MOF and MOPs, respectively. The freshly synthesized MOF adsorbed a significant amount of CO2. Upon light irradiation, the adsorbed gas molecules were squeezed out of the MOF due to the change of conformation of the azobenzene groups inside the pores. The adsorbent returned to its original state when allowed to stay with gentle heating. In addition, solubility of srMOPs was optically controlled by trans-cis isomerization of the azobenzene moieties. Interestingly, guest molecules were trapped during cis to trans isomerization and released in the trans to cis conversion. This srMOP can be applied to uses requiring stimuli responsive capture and release of guest molecules, such as in controlled drug delivery systems. Finally, an organic linker with multiple conformations was used to synthesize both single and core-shell molecular squares, whose formations were controlled by reaction temperatures. Intriguingly the core-shell structure assembly was successfully employed as a template to prepare a heterobimetallic assembly, in which the metal substitution occurred exclusively in the core. This work might pave the way for the exploration of enzyme-mimicking molecular catalysts.

This thesis is an attempt to provide a special examination centering on some aspects on the development of metal processing and fabricating industries in the Victorian gold mining town of Ballarat from its foundation in 1851 to the end of its first half century in 1901. It is in effect a case study of a particular group of manufacturing activities made with the intention of improving general historians' understanding of the forces behind the establishment and growth of secondary industries in the non-metropolitan towns of nineteenth century Australia.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2005. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (ℓ. 134-138)

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- McMaster University, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 149-156). Also available via World Wide Web.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2003. / Typescript. Bibliography: leaf 288-292.

Thesis (M.S.)--Ohio University, November, 1995. / Title from PDF t.p.