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Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa e à Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe - FAPITEC/SE / The studied acid metavolcanic rocks outcrop at Estrada Real, Rio de Contas (BA), SW of Bahia State. Those rocks represent the Novo Horizonte Formation, basal portion of Rio dos Remédios Group (Espinhaço Supergroup) and are associated to development of sin-rift phase at Oriental Espinhaço basin, at Chapada Diamantina. The methodology used to make this work consisted of fieldstrip, petrography and geochemistry. Twenty-one samples have selected to petrographic analyses and ten to whole rock chemical analyses. The rocks show grey to dark-grey color, are aphanitic and show incipient to well-marked foliation. Petrographically, the rocks present porphyroblastic, lepidoblastic and blast-porphyritic textures. The mineralogy consists of quartz blasto-porphyries, andaluzite and kyanite porphyroblasts, garnet pseudomorphs, feldspars, biotite, muscovite, sericite, chlorite, epidote, monazite, zircon and opaque minerals immersed in a quartz-feldspar matrix. The trace elements spiderdiagram shows enrichment of LILEs in relation to HFSEs. The negative anomalies of Sr, P, Nb-Ta and Ti are notable. The distribution patterns of the Rare Earth Elements show enrichment in ETRL in relation to ETRP and negative anomaly in Eu. It suggests the formation of these rocks in a continental rift environment, from a mantle previously modified by subduction. / As rochas metavulcânicas ácidas estudadas afloram na Estrada Real, Rio de Contas (BA), sudoeste do Estado da Bahia. Estas rochas representam a Formação Novo Horizonte, porção basal do Grupo Rio dos Remédios (Supergrupo Espinhaço) e estão associados ao desenvolvimento da fase sin-rifte na Bacia Espinhaço Oriental, na Chapada Diamantina. A metodologia utilizada para a realização deste estudo consistiu no trabalho de campo, petrografia e geoquímica. Vinte e uma amostras foram selecionadas para análise petrográfica e sete amostras para análise química de rocha total. As rochas possuem tonalidade cinza a cinza escuro, são afaníticas e apresentam foliação incipiente a bem marcada. Petrograficamente, apresentam textura porfiroblástica, lepidoblástica e blasto-porfirítica. A mineralogia é constituída por blasto-pórfiros de quartzo, porfiroblastos de andaluzita e cianita, pseudomorfos de granada, feldspatos, biotita, muscovita, sericita, clorita, epidoto, monazita, zircão e minerais opacos imersos em uma matriz quartzo-feldspática. As metavulcânicas foram classificadas como riolitos. O diagrama multi-elementar de elementos-traço mostra enriquecimento de LILEs em relação aos HFSEs. As anomalias negativas de Sr, P, Nb-Ta e Ti são notáveis. Os padrões de distribuição dos Elementos Terras Raras evidenciam enriquecimento em ETRL em relação aos ETRP e anomalia negativa de Eu. A formação dessas rochas em um ambiente de rifte continental é sugerida, a partir de um manto previamente modificado por subducção.

Située dans la partie occidentale de la République Centrafricaine, la zone d’étude (Fig.1 et 18), correspond à trois domaines géotectoniques : le domaine NW et SE, le domaine central et le domaine méridional. Le domaine NW et SE ou la nappe panafricaine des Gbayas (640 Ma), est caractérisé par une succession d’activités magmatiques et de granulites. Le mouvement tectonique affectant ce domaine est principalement latéral ( vers le S et SW). Le domaine central, constitué d’un socle éburnéen (2400-2200 Ma) et de sa couverture paléoprotérozoïque métasédimentaire à métavolcanite (1800 Ma environs), est dominé par des mouvements verticaux.Le dernier domaine comporte, une triade de roches (métatillite, cipolin, métasilexite) néoprotérozoïques, associées au dépôts du bassin de Bangui, est coiffée par une formation sédimentaire. S’agirait-il de deux domaines paléogéographiques (central et méridional) juxtaposés ? La lithologie et la lithostratigraphie de ces deux précédentes zones posent toujours des problèmes d’âges.). Les métatillites situés à la partie basale des dépôts du bassin de Bangui (domaine méridional), nous ont poussé à vérifier les traces de l’événement mondial qui est la glaciation néoprotérozoïque, en réalisant des analyses géochimiques au ∂18O et ∂13C. Ces trois domaines portent les empreintes de quatre à trois phases de déformation panafricaine. Des fortes valeurs d’aimentation (≤ 5 A/m ) mesurées sur certaines roches issues de cette zone pourraient être associées à la grande anomalie magnétique observée mondialement (satellitaire et au sol ) en République Centrafrique. / Located in the western part of the Central African Republic, the study area (Fig. 1 and 18), corresponding to three geotectonic areas: NW and SE area, central area and the southern area. The NW and SE domain or Pan Gbayas of water (640 Ma) is characterized by a succession of magmatic activity and granulites. The tectonic movement affecting this area is mainly lateral (to the S and SW). The central domain consists of a Eburnean basement (2400-2200 Ma) and its Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary to metavolcanic coverage (around 1800 Ma) is dominated by vertical movements.The latter area includes a triad of rocks (métatillite, cipolin, métasilexite) Neoproterozoic, associated with basin deposits Bangui, is capped by a Stack. Would it two paleogeographic domains (central and southern) side by side? Lithology and lithostratigraphy of the two previous areas still pose problems for ages.). The métatillites located at the basal part of Bangui Basin (southern area) deposits, we drove to check the traces of the global event that is Neoproterozoic glaciation, conducting geochemical analyzes ∂ 18O and ∂ 13C. These three areas are the fingerprints of four three-phase deformation of Pan. Strong values of magnetization (≤ 5 A / m) measured on some rocks from this area may be associated with high magnetic anomaly observed worldwide (satellite and ground) in the Central African Republic.

<p> Glamorgan township in southeastern Ontario, is underlain by Precambrian rocks of the Grenville province. Prominent amongst these are migmatite, paragneiss, and granite gneiss, VJhich collectively form a series of rocks (the Glamorgan gneiss aeries). </p> <p> Field work revealed that this series is completely gradational from a geological aspect, and that the geological gradation is complemented by a geochemical gradation. <p> An explanation of these gradational relationships constitutes the main contribution of this study. The conclusions reached are that partial melting of paragneiss produced migmatite and a trondhjemitic melt, which later produced granitic (in the strict sense) derivatives. </p> <p> In developing the main conclusions, a number of subsidiary problems are discussed, chief of which are the possible metavolcanic or metasedimentary o'rigin of the paragneiss and the possible origin of so-called diorite as a differentiate of an alkaline gabbro. Metamorphism was concluded to be of Miyashiro's low pressure intermediate type. </p> <p> By the use of experimentally determined reactions and stability fields a metamorphic grid was devised, which led to the following upper limits of metamorphic conditions: 550 to 650°C and 3 to 6.5 kilobars total pre5sure. These estimates in turn lead to the following limiting geothermal gradients: 25 to 55°C per kilometre. </p> <p> The Glamorgan occurrence was found to share three characteristics with many other Precambrian terrains : 1. migmatisation and emplacement of granite accompanied high grade metamorphism; 2. an early sodium-rich granite was followed by a more potassic one; and 3. the more sodic granite is associated with a small amount of basic igneous rock. These three generalisations were used to formulate a possible model for deep crustal petrogenesis. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)