Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1984. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-110).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1972. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliography.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1967. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

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Microwave satellite imagery is a valuable tool for the observation of mature tropical cyclones. This study examined the application of microwave data to the extratropical transition (ET) process. During ET a tropical cyclone (TC) moves into an area of large gradients in many atmospheric parameters. The data sparse regions in which these gradients exist make the examination of key physical mechanisms responsible for the ET process difficult. The Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) was used to investigate temperature and water vapor gradients. Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer was used to examine WV gradients and precipitation intensities. These observations were combined with diagnostic analysis of frontogenesis during the ET process of a TC that re-intensified as an extratropical cyclone and a TC that dissipated. Although the different outcomes of ET were related to differences in coupling between the decaying TC and the midlatitude environment, microwave data were useful for defining specific characteristics that either inhibited or enhanced the coupling of the decaying TC with the midlatitude environment.

A three-dimensional (3D) photochemical grid model, CAMx-2.0 (1998), was employed to analyze the spatial and temporal variations of ambient ozone during ozone episodes (concentration of ozone > 120 ppbv) in the Kao-Ping airshed in 2000-2001. The sensitivity analyses of ozone concentrations to the emission reductions in volatile organic compounds (VOC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were performed, and the relationships between ozone concentrations and meteorological parameters were examined. Furthermore, the transport routes were studies using inverse trajectory method. Examinations of meteorological parameters and ozone trends reveal that warm temperature, sufficient sunlight, low wind, and high surface pressure are distinct parameters that tend to trigger ozone episodes in Kao-Ping area in autumn and winter seasons. Seasonal patterns of surface ozone include a summer minimum with two maxima in autumn and late winter to the middle of spring, consistent with low mixing heights in autumn and winter and large mixing height in summer. Predicted values of hourly ozone concentration agree reasonably well with measured data. The assessment of the effect of the initial and boundary conditions on the performance of the model revealed that the model can be improved by specifying an ozone concentration of 70 ppbv rather than 30 ppbv on the top boundary of the model, while separately considering the daytime and nighttime ozone concentration on the lateral boundary conditions. The sensitivity analysis shows a VOC-sensitive regime in Kaohsiung City. In addition to the locally emitted pollutants, the inverse trajectory analysis shows that most pollutants in Kaohsiung City come from Kaohsiung County, followed by Tainan County and Ping-Tung County. In autumn, the air quality is worst in Ping-Tung County and ozone episodes occur most frequently. Because the prevailing wind is north or north-east wind in autumn, most pollutants are transported from the upwind areas, including Kaohsiung City and Kaohsiung County. The sensitivity analysis shows a NOx-sensitive regime for Ping-Tung city, consistent with Sillman¡¦s results (1999), indicating that freshly emitted pollutants are typically (but not always) characterized by VOC-sensitive chemistry and evolve towards NOx-sensitive chemistry as the air parcels move downwind.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Physics and Mathematical Physics, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves ix-xiii).