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Using Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique To Explore News Photographers¡¦ Mental ModelLo, Chi-Wen 28 August 2009 (has links)
The news cultures, productions and dissemination channels in the digital age are already different from the traditional times. The challenges which the reporters face also differ from the pasts. Taiwan media studies analyze the audience and media through the ways of qualification but neglects that they are also the audience, disseminators, gatekeepers and real constructional signs as the reporters in the meantime to go on the qualitative analysis. There are few studies about the press photographers and mostly the analyses of qualification and qualitative are based on the characters thinking.
The study target is focused on newspaper photographers which basis is visual culture studies and uses it to the well-established Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET) from overseas. It uses the images as the media and brings out the deep thoughts and feelings of the interviewees to analyze the mental map of the press photographers and create a common map. Then, it carries out the pre-tests of the qualitative studies of the mental maps of the press photographers and builds up the role models from them in the digital age. Finally, it indicates the current media surroundings and the circumstances of the press photographers to seek the possibilities of media reformation.
From the studies, we can know that there are six values of the press photographers through observing their mental and common maps: ¡§the values of existence,¡¨ ¡§news ethicalities,¡¨ ¡§respects,¡¨ ¡§the sense of achievements,¡¨ ¡§entertainment,¡¨ and ¡§arts.¡¨ Among which the press photographers cares about most is ¡§the values of existence.¡¨ However, the value of existence relies on the professional dimensions which lower the standard techniques of photo shooting due to the speed of the digital technology and the evolutions of the mechanical functions. Moreover, the images are rampant in the age of map reading and the publishers demand a big number of images, and therefore, the requests of the image contents only focus on the evidences but overlook the visual images. It not only leads the press photographers to have the insecurity of being replaced but also increases the stresses to them in the digital age of speed demanding and keen competitiveness.
On the other hand, it is necessary to record dynamic images to put in e-papers, so the publishers ask the press photographers to do static photography and record dynamic images simultaneously which result in a working disaster from technology. Under this circumstance, the press photographers have to create their own values of existence beyond their photography technology to enhance their irreplaceability. They have to maintain their competitiveness in the working field to keep themselves from being eliminated. Also, the publishers shall promote the demands of the image contents instead of asking the press photographers to film many photos without visual effects. The publishers should establish new departments for the demands of static photos and recordings from e-papers to filter the adequate videos for broadcasting. Besides, send the professional DV photographers to interview and film by professional HDV in order to promote the professional dimension to reach the targets of operating diversified media.
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