Cette thèse est l’étude d’une sélection d’œuvres littéraires mexicaines et françaises concernant les évènements historiques de l’Intervention française au Mexique (1862-1867) et du Second Empire Mexicain (1864-1867). Ces œuvres s’étalent entre le XIXe et le XXIe siècle et ont été sélectionnés pour leurs réflexions poétiques et politiques exemplaires et d’autre part parce qu’elles ont contribuées à la construction d’une iconographie culturelle et identitaire mexicaine. Les genres romanesque et théâtral ont été sélectionnés pour pouvoir établir une étude comparative diachronique. Le choix des œuvres et des auteurs a été établi en fonction du traitement de l’Intervention française et de leur importance. Les œuvres analysées correspondent au sous-genre du roman-feuilleton du XIXe siècle avec, pour la littérature française, Benito Vázquez (1869) de Lucien Biart et Doña Flor (1877) de Gustave Aimard et, pour la littérature mexicaine, Clemencia (1869) de Manuel Altamirano et El Cerro de las Campanas (1868) de Juan Mateos. Les pièces de théâtre Corona de Sombra (1943) de Rodolfo Usigli et Charlotte et Maximilien (1945) de Maurice Rostand sont traitées de manière comparative et la pièce El Tuerto es Rey (1970) de Carlos Fuentes est analysée de manière complémentaire. Quant aux manifestations littéraires historiques plus contemporaines, nous incluons Noticias del Imperio (1987) de Fernando del Paso et Yo, el francés de Jean Meyer (2002). Cet ensemble propose une analyse comparative, linguistique, sémiotique et littéraire des œuvres citées. Il invite à une réflexion approfondie sur l’interprétation que la littérature ou l’égo-histoire ont proposé de ce conflit, un conflit armé et politique dont la mémoire a traversé l’histoire et les productions littéraires mexicaines et françaises. / In this doctoral dissertation, we are studying a selection of both Mexican and French literary works related to the historic events of the Second French Intervention in Mexico (1862-1867) and of the Second Mexican Empire (1864-1867). This body of works has been published between the XIXth and the XXIth century and has been selected, both because their poetic and political thoughts are emblematic of this period and because they have contributed to the construction of a Mexican cultural and identity iconography. We have decided to select the fiction and theatrical genres, to carry out a comparative and diachronic analysis. The decision of which literary works and authors to include has been made based on how both the French Intervention and the way it has been depicted in literature, have been dealt with in particular in each literary work and each author we considered to studied. The studied novels belong to the sub-genre of serialized fiction in the XIXth century with, on the French side, Benito Vázquez (1869) by Lucien Biart and Doña Flor (1877) by Gustave Aimard and, on the Mexican side, Clemencia (1869) by Manuel Altamirano and El Cerro de las Campanas (1868) by Juan Mateos. As far as theatre plays are concerned, we have carried out a comparative study of both Corona de Sombra (1943) by Rodolfo Usigli and Charlotte et Maximilien (1945) by Maurice Rostand. We have completed our analysis with a complementary study of El Tuerto es Rey (1970) by Carlos Fuentes. Regarding more contemporaneous historic and literary creations, we chose to include Noticias del Imperio (1987) by Fernando del Paso and Yo, el francés by Jean Meyer (2002). This corpus allows to carry out a comparative, linguistic, semiotic and literary analysis of afore-mentioned works. Such analysis calls for a thorough reflection on the interpretation of conflict, an armed and political conflict which influenced both History and Mexican and French literary productions.

The theme of the dissertation submitted is the novel Devil Guardian, whose author is a Mexican writer Xavier Velasco. This dissertation is the very first theoretical work in the Czech environment, devoted to the above-mentioned piece of literature published in 2004. In a sense, Devil Guardian represents a characteristic Mexican novel of the early 21st century, combining tradition and novelty in a surprising and original manner. A significant feature of the contemporary Mexican literature is a departure from the theme of Mexicanity, generally from a programmatic indulging in so-called national literature. Velasco's novel is an exemplary, however, not only piece of literature proving that the literary break-up with Mexico is neither an exclusive nor a dominant attribute of the contemporary Mexican fiction. In Devil Guardian Velasco focuses his mind on the theme of personal and national identity, which he treats in a considerably nontraditional manner, giving an ironical turn to speak to a hypermodern girl moving in the globalized world. The dissertation is divided into six parts. The first part "Originality Rooted in Tradition" refers to Devil Guardian ensuing the tradition of Mexican novel and innovating it. The second part "Xavier Velasco" briefly introduces the author's life and work. The issues...