AgÃncia Nacional do PetrÃleo / FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / A soldagem de revestimento com aÃos inoxidÃveis duplex (AID) e superduplex (AISD) à uma boa opÃÃo que pode ser utilizada no setor de petrÃleo e gÃs natural, permitindo alcanÃar caracterÃsticas desejadas, como resistÃncia à corrosÃo e boas propriedades mecÃnicas. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi desenvolver e avaliar as caracterÃsticas operacionais e metalÃrgicas em soldagens de revestimento de dutos com deposiÃÃo de AID/AISD pelo processo Plasma pÃ. Inicialmente, as soldagens foram realizadas em simples depÃsito para avaliaÃÃo das caracterÃsticas geomÃtricas e reduÃÃo de custos e, posteriormente, aplicados os revestimentos, variando diversos parÃmetros do processo Plasma pà com deposiÃÃo de AID DIN 1.4462 e AISD UNS S32760. A caracterizaÃÃo microestrutural consistiu de anÃlises de microscopia Ãtica, microscopia eletrÃnica de varredura (MEV), espectroscopia de raio-x dispersivo em energia (EDS) e difraÃÃo de raios-X (DRX). Ensaios de Temperatura CrÃtica de Pites (ASTM G 150) e ensaios de microdureza foram realizados para avaliar a resistÃncia à corrosÃo do metal de solda e determinaÃÃo da microdureza ao longo do revestimento. Os resultados mostraram que a deposiÃÃo de AID/AISD pode ser uma boa opÃÃo para soldagem de revestimento, com deposiÃÃo em apenas uma camada, com baixos nÃveis de diluiÃÃo e com caracterÃsticas favorÃveis para garantir boas propriedades aos revestimentos. Em relaÃÃo à microestrutura, os revestimentos depositados com a liga AISD UNS S32760 proporcionou uma quantidade considerÃvel de nitretos no metal de solda, porÃm os revestimentos com deposiÃÃo de AID DIN 1.4462 obtiveram maior quantidade de austenita secundÃria em relaÃÃo aos nitretos, ambos com bom balanÃo de fases ferrita e austenita. Os resultados de microdureza dos revestimentos mostraram maior resistÃncia do metal de solda em relaÃÃo ao API 5L X65 com ausÃncia de elevados picos de microdureza na interface. O ensaio de TCP mostrou que o primeiro cordÃo de solda à menos resistente em relaÃÃo ao Ãltimo cordÃo depositado e que a liga AID mostrou ter maior resistÃncia à corrosÃo por pites em relaÃÃo à liga AISD. / The weld overlay of duplex (DSS) and superduplex (SDSS) stainless steels is an interesting alternative used in oil and gas industry, allowing to reach the desirable characteristics, such as corrosion resistance and good mechanical properties. The main objective of the present work was to develop and evaluate the operational and metallurgical characteristics of DSS/SDSS alloys weld overlays deposited by PTA-P on pipes. Initially, the welds were performed in single weld bead for evaluation of geometric characteristics and cost reduction and later in multipass to produce the coating, changing several operational parameters with deposition of DSS DIN 1.4462 and SSS UNS S32760. The microstructure was investigated using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive of X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Critical Pitting Temperature (CPT) - ASTM G 150 and microhardness tests were carried out to evaluate the corrosion resistance and determining the microhardness over coating. The results showed that deposition of DSS and SSS demonstrated to be an interesting option for the weld overlay. It could to deposited in just one layer, coatings with low levels of dilution, important characteristics to assure a good performance of the coatings. The microstructure in weld metal of the coatings deposited with SDSS alloy was constituted by nitrides, however the DSS alloy was constituted by secondary austenite precipitation and a good balance between ferrite and austenite. The results of microhardness test showed that the coating is more resistance than the API 5L X65 and it was not observed higher levels in the coating near the interface coating/substrate. The CPT test showed that the first weld bead is less resistant in relation to the last bead deposited and the DSS alloy showed greater pitting corrosion resistance in relation to the SdSS alloy.

The primary objective was to predict the relative storage capacity of carbonate rocks relevant for carbon dioxide sequestration. To achieve this, a detailed pore scale characterization of model carbonate rocks, Indiana Limestone and Pink Dolomite, was conducted utilizing micro-computed tomography (microCT) data using pore network modeling and invasion percolation simulations. For the first time in literature, Pink Dolomite’s pore space characteristics were analyzed. A secondary objective was to compare thresholding techniques as applied to carbonates which exhibit dual porosity (porosity at multiple length scales). The analysis showed the sensitivity of existing methods to the thresholding technique, imaging method and material. Overall, the contributions of this work provide an assessment of two carbonates relevant for carbon capture and storage at the pore scale; and a preliminary assessment into thresholding dual porosity carbonates.

The primary objective was to predict the relative storage capacity of carbonate rocks relevant for carbon dioxide sequestration. To achieve this, a detailed pore scale characterization of model carbonate rocks, Indiana Limestone and Pink Dolomite, was conducted utilizing micro-computed tomography (microCT) data using pore network modeling and invasion percolation simulations. For the first time in literature, Pink Dolomite’s pore space characteristics were analyzed. A secondary objective was to compare thresholding techniques as applied to carbonates which exhibit dual porosity (porosity at multiple length scales). The analysis showed the sensitivity of existing methods to the thresholding technique, imaging method and material. Overall, the contributions of this work provide an assessment of two carbonates relevant for carbon capture and storage at the pore scale; and a preliminary assessment into thresholding dual porosity carbonates.