1. ABSTRACT Bc. Markéta Pasdiorová The study of bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous early delivery Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Healthcare Bioanalytics - Specialist in Laboratory Methods Backround: Premature delivery and premature rupture of membranes have been associated with maternal genital tract infections or with altered vaginal microflora during pregnancy. This work discuses knowledge about vaginal microbiome, premature delivery and analysis options of vaginal microbiome using next-generation sequencing. The aim of the work was to evaluate the composition of the bacterial microflora at patients with spontaneous preterm delivery and compared with each other of vaginal and cervical samples. Methods: The study group consisted of 7 patients with diagnosed spontaneous preterm delivery. Samples were obtained on the basis of cooperation with the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of University Hospital Hradec Králové. The evaluation of the vaginal microbiome was performed by pyrosequencing method using Genome Sequencer FLX+. Results: We have observed all typical patterns of the vaginal microflora in the samples tested. The most frequent species were Lactobacillus crispatus/casei and L. iners, which belong to the four most dominant...