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This study makes an appraisal of a special example of institutional care for aged and disabled persons, namely, the specific group of veterans in Vancouver who, under present D.V.A. regulations, are regarded as being "totally disabled" and in need of domiciliary care. Chronic illness of long duration is one of the principal characteristics, though not the only one, of this group, and of their various disablements. The appraisal of this group, in relation to the domiciliary care programme, is made in the light of modern concepts of treatment and rehabilitation, but gives special attention to the contributions in understanding and relationship which can be made by the social worker. In the welfare field, veterans are a special group because of their liability to disablement and to other possible causes of "premature ageing" which may have resulted from war service. They are a special group also because of the unusual number of facilities and opportunities for recovery and re-adjustment which have been provided for them. Domiciliary care is one of these special services, exclusively designed for veterans who require total care on a more or less permanent basis. Re-establishment of veterans with lesser handicaps already has been demonstrated on a vast scale since the end of the last war. But problems evidently remain for the type of veteran who is aged, whose disablements are of an extreme nature, and who, in spite of a superior treatment service, has not changed his total disability status. Lessons for other aged and disabled groups in the civilian population can be drawn from the present type of study. The material of the investigation includes, first, a review of the general provisions of domiciliary care for Class-Six patients, based on over one hundred district files and a similar number of medial social service files. Detailed personal information was also obtained in interviews with many of the patients. Discussions were held with doctors and departmental administrators, and needs and services were discussed with staff members acquainted with the Class-Six patient. The basic method of using this material was to review psycho-social aspects of the status and attitudes of individual cases, to delineate basic social and emotional problems, and to appraise the domiciliary care programme in terms of its ability to meet these problems. Social work practice and rehabilitation possibilities both reveal many gaps in the present programme, which is primarily designed to provide physical care. Case studies indicate that many of the critical factors in the older patient's adjustment are psycho-social as well as physical; yet little or no definitive treatment is given for psycho-social disorders. Recommendations, on the basis of these findings, include a method of classification and segregation of Class-six patients in groups, and the creation of rehabilitation-treatment services on an individualized basis. The role of the social worker is outlined in relation to the broader functions of the clinical team. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

Doctor of Philosophy / Security Studies Interdepartmental Program / Michael Krysko / David R. Stone / Since September 11, 2001, the CIA and DoD have operated together in Afghanistan, Iraq, and during counterterrorism operations. Although the Global War on Terrorism gave the CIA and DoD a common purpose, it was actions taken in the late eighties and early nineties that set the foundation for their current relationship. Driven by the post-Cold War environment and lessons learned during military operations, policymakers made intelligence support to the military the Intelligence Community’s top priority. In response to this demand, the CIA/DoD instituted policy and organizational changes that altered the CIA/DoD relationship. While debates over the future of the Intelligence Community were occurring on Capitol Hill, the CIA and DoD were expanding their relationship in peacekeeping and nation-building operations in Somalia and the Balkans. By the late 1990’s, some policymakers and national security professionals became concerned that intelligence support to military operations had gone too far, weakening the long-term analysis required for strategy and policy development. Despite these concerns, no major changes to either national intelligence organizations or its priorities were implemented. These concerns were forgotten after 9/11, as the United States fought two wars and policymakers increasingly focused on tactical and operational actions. As policymakers became fixated with terrorism and the United States fought in Iraq and Afghanistan, the CIA focused a significant amount of its resources towards global counterterrorism efforts and in support of military operations. The CIA/DoD operational relationship has led to successes such as the raid that killed Osama Bin Laden, but CIA’s counterterrorism and military support requirements have placed a significant burden on the organization. As the United States’ only independent intelligence organization, the CIA was conceived to separate the collection of intelligence from the institutions that develop and execute policy. The CIA’s increased focus on support to military and counterterrorism operations weakens this separation, reduces its focus on strategic issues, and risks subordination to the DoD. The CIA and DoD are the ones immediately affected by this evolving relationship, but it is policymaker preference for military force and the militarization of foreign policy that has led both organizations down this path.

The Civil War battle of Natural Bridge was a Southern victory that resulted in Tallahassee being the only Southern capital that did not fall into Union hands. Natural Bridge is an important Florida landmark and the battle serves as a significant part of Southern culture and heritage. Previous surveys at the Natural Bridge Battlefield Historic State Park yielded several categories of Civil War and prehistoric artifacts. A study of the private collection of the Gerrell family, who has lived on the battlefield land and surrounding properties for several generations, was conducted, and the artifacts were catalogued. The collection of 95 artifacts contains items such as buttons, cannon balls, and case shot. The goal of this project was to provide a catalog of the Civil War artifacts so the family could continue to lend the items out to museums for the use in exhibits pertaining to the Civil War. / A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Anthropology in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science. / Spring Semester, 2011. / November 18, 2010. / Civil War, historical archaeology, Natural Bridge, Tallahassee / Includes bibliographical references. / Glen H. Doran, Professor Directing Thesis; Lynne A. Schepartz, Committee Member; Rochelle A. Marrinan, Committee Member.

This thesis discusses and explores the difficulties and conflicts arising during the World Disarmament Conference, 1932-1934. The primary focus of the paper is on the role of the British within the conference.

Although active duty military families continue to be a strong presence in American culture, few family-level studies have been conducted that examine military family systems, processes, and outcomes for individuals who are connected to an active duty member. Using family systems theory as a guiding framework, this study utilized a multi-informant approach to explore the relationships between marital quality, parent-adolescent interactions, and adolescent depressive symptoms among a sample of military families with an active duty father. Based on the spillover hypothesis, this study expected to find that the level of marital quality reported by the active duty father and the mother would directly influence their adolescent’s depressive symptoms. It was also expected that the mechanism that links parental marital quality and adolescent depressive symptoms would be the interactions that characterize the parent-adolescent relationship, specifically the warmth and hostility that the parents display in the context of the parent-adolescent relationship. Participant families (N = 236) were recruited from a large military installation in the continental United States using flyers throughout the installation, radio and print advertisements, and advertisements in the youth centers on the installation. Participants completed online surveys and each variable was measured using standardized scales. This study examined marital quality using both adult participants’ responses to the Adapted Marital Quality Scale. To measure warmth and hostility displayed in the parent-adolescent relationship, adolescents’ responses to the Interaction Behavior Questionnaire were used. Finally, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children was used to assess the adolescents’ depressive symptoms. Correlations between variables were explored to inform the inclusion of control variables in the subsequent models. Then, a regression analysis was conducted and a path model was fit to examine the relationships between the variables and how well the model fit the data. Results of the regression analysis revealed that the direct relationship between marital quality and adolescent depressive symptoms was significant for the mother, but not the father. The path model demonstrated good model fit. Findings suggest that there was a significant relationship between the marital quality of the mother (but not the father) and the warmth she displayed in the parent-adolescent relationship. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between the marital quality of the father and the mother and the hostility that he or she displayed in the parent-adolescent relationship. There was also a significant relationship between the warmth displayed by the mother (but not the father) in the parent-adolescent relationship and adolescent depressive symptoms. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between the hostility shown by the active duty father (but not the mother) in the parent-adolescent relationship and the depressive symptoms displayed by the adolescent. The warmth that the mother (but not the father) displayed in the mother-adolescent relationship was a significant mediator between the independent and dependent variable, marital quality and adolescent depressive symptoms. Finally, the hostility that both the father and the mother displayed in the parent-adolescent relationship was a significant mediator between the independent and dependent variables, marital quality and adolescent depressive symptoms. Findings indicated that the marital quality of parents in military families influenced adolescent depressive symptoms indirectly through the parent-adolescent relationship. The marital quality manifested in different ways for the mother and father. Maternal marital quality influenced the warmth displayed by the mother in the parent-adolescent relationship, and paternal marital quality influenced the hostility displayed by the father in the parent-adolescent relationship. Applications for clinicians, family life educators, and policy were discussed. / A Thesis submitted to the Department of Family and Child Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. / Summer Semester 2016. / June 27, 2016. / adolescent, family, marital, military, parent-adolescent / Includes bibliographical references. / Mallory Lucier-Greer, Professor Directing Thesis; Kendal Holtrop, Committee Member; Lenore McWey, Committee Member.

Since the United States’ founding, the national government has required that its military officers and enlisted personnel take oaths. Addressing issues of support, loyalty, diligence, and obedience, these oaths developed differently even though they were shaped by the same circumstances such as existing in a society that historically valued an oath’s effectiveness to accomplish a specific purpose. What purpose did US leaders believe military oaths fulfilled? This thesis argues that the oaths always served the same primary purpose to help sustain civil control of the armed forces. For the nation’s founders, the oaths essentially served as a symbol that embodied the republican ideal of “due responsibility.” Always connected with responsibility, however, was the issue of loyalty. Whenever the nation experienced pivotal events, such as its establishment or civil war, national leaders substantially modified the oaths to account for shifting allegiances. Ultimately, then, examining the society from which the oaths developed and the specific episodes when the oaths were created or changed, such as congressional debates, provides needed context to understand the oaths’ current significance to the nation and its armed forces. / History

The Longbow Crew Trainer (LCT) is a cost effective, safe alternative to live training in the AH-64D/E Apache helicopter. Current Army doctrine and regulations have provisions for the limited use of simulator in lieu of aircraft hours toward semiannual minimum flight hour requirements. With the defense budget in decline, the Army must find innovative, cost effective methods to conduct realistic, relevant training to sustain proficiency in their warfighting capabilities. The LCT fully replicates the cockpit environment through training scenarios for requisite crew tasks and missions in a realistic, modular, and transportable solution. An attack helicopter crew can safely train in customizable scenarios ranging from basic aviation tasks to crew-level missions and gunneries. The Army is currently aligning one LCT per attack battalion under the Aviation Restructure Initiative. There are 20 Armed Reconnaissance Battalions/Squadrons in the active component with approximately 35 aircrews per battalion. The premise of this study was to review cost benefits of training in a virtual environment over a live environment while exploring the effects on proficiency. The difference in cost per hour between an AH-64D and the LCT is approximately $3,998. Using this figure and the semiannual flight hour requirements from the current Aircrew Training Manual in a weighted average between Flight Activity Category (FAC) 1 and FAC 2 pilot's flight minimum requirements formed the basis for four models: Low, Status Quo (baseline), Moderate, and High Virtual Simulation Models. This study found that while the High Virtual Simulation Model resulted in the greatest cost savings, the current budget and previous literature does not require such drastic measures. The Low Virtual Simulation Model resulted in higher costs. Therefore, the Moderate Virtual Simulation Model, proved most relevant to budget analysts, aviation unit commanders, and pilots by decreasing annual costs by an estimated $76.2 million without degrading proficiency.