Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2000. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-198). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2005. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Document formated into pages; contains 1 v. (various pagings). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2000. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 185-198). Also available on the Internet.

Submitted by MONIQUE VALÉRIA DE LIMA CARVALHAL null (monique_carvalhal@hotmail.com) on 2017-12-11T17:17:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Monique_Valeria_de_Lima_Carvalhal.pdf: 2896110 bytes, checksum: 65cf0992b9ddbe121a286868a7a941fb (MD5) / Submitted by MONIQUE VALÉRIA DE LIMA CARVALHAL null (monique_carvalhal@hotmail.com) on 2017-12-11T18:47:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Monique_Valeria_de_Lima_Carvalhal.pdf: 2896110 bytes, checksum: 65cf0992b9ddbe121a286868a7a941fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Alexandra Maria Donadon Lusser Segali null (alexmar@fcav.unesp.br) on 2017-12-13T11:13:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalhal_mvl_dr_jabo.pdf.pdf: 2896110 bytes, checksum: 65cf0992b9ddbe121a286868a7a941fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-13T11:13:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalhal_mvl_dr_jabo.pdf.pdf: 2896110 bytes, checksum: 65cf0992b9ddbe121a286868a7a941fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os objetivos gerais com esta tese foram identificar os métodos mais adequados para avaliação de temperamento de bovinos da raça Girolando, além de entender suas relações com desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo. Para tanto, foram realizados dois estudos: a) Estudo 1- Avaliação do temperamento de touros da raça Girolando e sua relação com o desempenho reprodutivo. No qual, o objetivo foi caracterizar o temperamento de touros Girolando e estudar o efeito dessa característica na performance reprodutiva desses animais. Foram realizadas avaliações de temperamento e de desempenho reprodutivo em 281 touros submetidos ao Pré-teste de Progênie da GIROLANDO. Foram encontradas variações do temperamento dos animais ao longo do tempo e efeito significativo do grupo genético. Nenhuma das variáveis de performance reprodutiva foi significativamente afetada pelos indicadores de temperamento (VF, ITEMP e ET; P > 0,05 para todas as análises). Concluímos que os indicadores de temperamento utilizados são um bom indicador de temperamento em touros Girolando, já que permite a identificação objetiva dos touros com caráter indesejável e que causam dificuldades de manejo. Não foram encontradas associações do temperamento com a performance produtiva dos touros, estudos adicionais são necessários para aumentar o conhecimento sobre os mecanismos nos quais o temperamento dos touros pode afetar a reprodução. b) Estudo 2- Temperamento de vacas em lactação da raça Girolando e sua relação com a produção e o fluxo lácteo. No qual o objetivo foi estudar como o temperamento se expressa em relação aos diferentes grupos genéticos e avaliar como as características indicadoras do temperamento afetam a produção de leite e o fluxo lácteo. Foram avaliadas 287 vacas em lactação da raça Girolando mantidas a pasto, classificadas em dois grupos (primíparas e multíparas). Para as avaliações de reatividade foi aplicado um escore (1 a 8) no momento da preparação do úbere e colocação da teteira. Efeitos significativos do grupo genético sobre a reatividade dos animais tanto para o grupo de vacas multíparas e primíparas, foram encontrados. Da mesma forma foi observado um efeito do escore composto de temperamento (ECT) e da reatividade na preparação do úbere (REAP) sobre a produção de leite para as vacas primíparas. Sobre o fluxo lácteo, foram encontrados efeito do REAP para rebanho de vacas primíparas. Para as vacas multíparas não foram encontrados efeitos do temperamento sobre a produção de leite e sim para o fluxo lácteo. Houve variação linear significativa para as variáveis ECT e REAP. Com esse estudo concluímos que há uma influência do comportamento de vacas Girolando na ordenha sobre o desempenho desses animais. Com essa tese esperamos ter respondido a alguns questionamentos sobre o temperamento dos animais das raças Girolando, agregando informações que possam ser úteis para as condições brasileiras de criação de bovinos leiteiros. / The objective of this research was to identify and validate more appropriate methods for temperament evaluation of Girolando cattle, in addition to understanding their relationships with productive and reproductive performance. Two studies were performed: a) Study 1- Evaluation of the temperament of Girolando bulls and their relationship with reproductive performance; b) Study 2- Temperament of Girolando cows and its relationship with production and milk flow. In Study 1, the objective was to characterize the temperament of Girolando bulls and to study the effect of this trait on the reproductive performance of animals. To assessed the temperament and the reproductive performances of 281 bulls (participants of the pre- progeny test conducted by the Brazilian Girolando Breeders Association and Embrapa). Variations of the temperament of the animals were found over time and significant effect of the genetic group only for variable crush test (ET). None of the reproductive performance variables was significantly affected by the temperament indicators (VF, ITEMP and ET, P> 0.05 for all analyzes). We conclude that the temperament indicators used are a reliable indicator of temperament in Girolando bulls. No associations of temperament with the productive performance of the bulls were found, additional studies are necessary to increase the knowledge about the mechanisms in which the temperament of the bulls can affect the reproduction. In Study 2 the objective was to study how temperament is expressed in relation to the different genetic groups and to evaluate how temperament characteristics affect milk production and milk flow. A total of 287 lactating Girolando cows were evaluated. For the reactivity evaluations a score (1 to 8) was applied at milking. Significant effects of the genetic group on the reactivity of the animals both for the group of multiparous and primiparous cows were found. Effect of temperament composite score (ECT) and reactivity in udder preparation (REAP) on milk production for primiparous cows was observed. On the milk flow, the REAP effect was found on the herd of primiparous cows. For multiparous cows, no effects of temperament were found on milk production but on milk flow. There was a significant linear variation for the ECT variables and REAP. We conclude in this study that there is an influence of the behavior of Girolando cows in the milking on the performance of animals. With this thesis we hope to have answered some questions about the temperament of the Girolando breeds, including information that may be useful for the Brazilian conditions of dairy cattle breeding.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the parameters of the milk performance, reproduction indicators and health of Holstein cows that were raised on pasture at ŠZP (School agriculture company) Haklovy Dvory. Monitoring is carried out in the years 2011 - 2013. The work involved two groups bred cows grazed in total 56. In 2012 it was 27 cows and in 2013 29 cows. The control group which was represented by 20 heifer which had been reared in stable in years 2010-2011 the number 20 Holstein cows. The evaluation of parameters was set on the first standardized lactation in the range of 240 to 305 days. Into observation of reproductive indicators was included the age of the first calving (days), insemination interval (days) and servis period (days). From the productive indicators there was the quantity of milk (kg), the content of fat in the milk (%), quantity of fat in the milk (kg), and the content of proteins.

This thesis deals with the influence of level of yield, causes putting out dairy cows from the breed and age at first calving on fertility and longevity of dairy cows of Holstein cattle in the agribusiness Agropodnik Košetice, a.s. Monitored indicators of dairy cows of Holstein cattle were the amount of milk in the first lactation in kg, functional longevity in kg of milk, functional longevity in days and the causes of elimination of dairy cows from the breed. From the results of monitored herd it can be concluded that prolongation of age at first calving will increase functional longevity in days statistically significantly. In contrast, there was not found statistically significant effect of age at first calving on functional longevity in kg of milk. Ascertained results of the monitored dairy herd did not confirm that increasing milk yields deteriorated reproductive indicators. The length of the service period was shortened statistically significantly with increasing the yield of milk in kg per one hundred days ((P 0,05), with the yield for the first entire lactation (P 0,001) and the order of lactation (P 0,001). In the monitored herd the dairy cows that were eliminated due to postpartum paresis (2570.70 days) reached the highest longevity and also reached the highest milk production for functional longevity in kg of milk (49,919.95 kg).

A major contributing factor to the maintaining high milk production along with good reproduction of dairy cows is to create an optimal environment of stables. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of changes in microclimate stables on milk production and fertility in the observed herd of dairy cows. Monitoring was conducted from February 2013 to December 2015. The data were obtained from reports of milk production, lactation records of dairy cows and program called AFI FARM. Temperature-humidity index was negatively correlated to milk yield (r = -0,172). There was also negatively correlation between temperature and milk yiel (r= -0.176). Correlation factor between the relative humidity and the milk yield was r = -0.073. There was found strong positively correlation between service period and insemination index, r = 0.886, weak positively correlation between service period and insemination interval r = 0.397 and moderate correlation between service period and embryonic mortality, r = 0.532. When the relative humidity in the stable increased from 32.00 % to 89.90 %, temperature was measured from - 0.6 ° C to 35.1 ° C. The values of temperaturehumidity index were ranged from 39.99 to 83.71. The hypothesis is confirmed one should conclude that the microclimate of stable affects milk production. On the other side, in relation to reproductive indicators, hypothesis was not confirmed.

The thesis deals with the analysis of the phase feeding in herds of Holstein cattle in specific operating conditions and its relation to milk yield and health of dairy cows. In the reference event to be optimized ration drystanding cows and lactating cows in comparison protocols laboratory analysis of mixed rations to standard NRC by the enterprise uses for compiling rations. The thesis was evaluated the effect of ration on milk yield and content of milk components and also affect the incidence of metabolic disorders. The aim of the thesis was to analyze the phase nutrition of dairy cows in the reporting company in relation to milk production and health, to evaluace the quality of feed rations, some feed and feeding technique. It was found that the monitored parameters do not match any breed mixed rations used in the standard, which could lead to reduced levels of production and reproduction and deterioration in health of dairy cows. It was further found that in the observed rearing occur very frequent occurrence of metabolic disturbances and fluctuations in the milk production.

Feed rations and their influence on milk yield were assessed for the years 2010 and 2011 in working conditions on the school farm Měšice. This was mainly comparison of the basic nutrients feed rations with a recommendation. Furthermore, feeding technology, quality of silage, composition of feed rations and content of milk components were evaluated. Selected economic indicators of dairy cows were evaluated in the monitored enterprise. The results indicate that the feed rations give a good presumption for high milk yield of dairy cows. However, quality of roughages, primarily corn silage should be improved.