Este trabalho foca no desenvolvimento de uma unidade de gerenciamento eletrônico que tem como objetivo controlar um motor de combustão interna do ciclo Otto. Essa unidade é composta por três blocos independentes, onde cada um deles é composto por um hardware e um software específico. O primeiro bloco é chamado de gerenciamento e ele é responsável por ler todos os sinais de sensores, processá-los e criar com isso alguns parâmetros de controle que são transmitidos para o bloco de sincronismo por meio de uma comunicação SPI (Synchronous Peripheral Interface). O bloco de sincronismo por sua vez recebe esses parâmetros com a intenção de controlar as válvulas injetoras e as bobinas de ignição no momento exato para manter o motor em um funcionamento perfeito. O terceiro bloco é chamado comunicação/diagnose, sendo responsável por ser a interface entre o motor e os usuários e desenvolvedores. Portanto, ele monitora algumas informações do motor e as mostram em um display, bem como possíveis falhas que possam ocorrer na utilização dele. Sendo assim, o objetivo principal desse trabalho é mostrar como essa unidade de gerenciamento eletrônico foi desenvolvida, algumas estratégias usadas para controlar o motor e alguns resultados práticos aplicando essa unidade de gerenciamento eletrônico em um motor real montado em uma plataforma de metal chamado mock-up. / This paper focuses on the development of an electronic management unit which has the objective to control an Otto cycle internal combustion engine. This unit is composed by three separated blocks where each one of these blocks is composed by one specific hardware and software. The first block is named management and it is responsible to read all the engine sensors signals, to process these signals and to create with it some parameters of control that is transferred to the synchronism block through a SPI (Synchronous Peripheral Interface) communication. The synchronism block receives these parameters in order to control the nozzles and the ignition coils in the exact moment to keep the engine running perfectly. The third block is named communication/diagnoses and it is responsible to be the interface between the engine and the drivers and developers. So it monitores some engine information and it shows this information in a display, as well some possible faults that can occur with the use of it. Therefore, the main purpose of this work is to show how this electronic control unit was developed, some strategies used to control the engine and some practical results, by applying this electronic control unit in a real engine assembled in an iron base platform, named mock-up.

A competitividade do mercado automotivo global exige que as empresas automobilísticas forneçam um fluxo contínuo de novos produtos, para manter seus níveis de market share. A capacidade de desenvolver produtos com qualidade e inovadores no mercado, transformou-se na marca do sucesso das empresas competitivas. Os especialistas identificaram o desenvolvimento de produtos neste ambiente de alta pressão, como fundamentais para a sobrevivência organizacional. Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar práticas que contribuem como mecanismos de ligação entre o Processo Lean de Desenvolvimento de Produtos e o sistema de fabricação fundamentada no Lean Manufacturing. A análise será feita em uma das etapas do projeto do produto, dentro de um ambiente de Engenharia Simultânea, voltada para a manufaturabilidade, utilizando mock-ups digitais. Espera-se ganhos de performance do produto no chão-de-fábrica, a redução de retrabalhos no projeto do produto, e por conseqüência uma redução do lead-time total do programa. Será utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa, com o propósito de avaliar resultados, sobre um programa de um novo veículo, tendo como fonte de dados os diários, documentos e históricos de desenvolvimento e de soluções de problemas de manufaturabilidade, em três casos específicos. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados números comparativos entre o tempo de desenvolvimento com a aplicação da metodologia proposta e o tempo histórico com a metodologia tradicional incluindo os tempos de correções dos problemas não identificados previamente. As análises realizadas dos dados e informações obtidas indicam que as análises de manufaturabilidade através de mock-ups digitais, podem contribuir com ganhos de aproximadamente 15% no lead-time e uma redução na ordem de 1,64M nos gastos totais do programa, mostrando que as análises de manufaturabilidade, aplicadas ainda na fase embrionária do desenvolvimento do produto, em uma organização fundamentada na filosofia Lean, contribuem eficazmente em um programa para novos veículos na indústria automobilística. / The competitiveness of the global automotive market demands that car companies provide a continuous stream of new products to maintain their levels of market share. The ability to develop innovative and quality products on the market, became the hallmark of successful businesses competitive. Experts identified the development of products in this high-pressure environment as fundamental to organizational survival. This paper aims to demonstrate practices that serve as mechanisms linking the Lean Product Development Process and Manufacturing System based on Lean Manufacturing. The analysis will be done in one step from product design, within a Concurrent Engineering environment, focused on the feasibility by using digital mockups. It is expected gains in product performance on the factory floor, reducing rework in product design, and consequently a reduced lead-time total program. Will use a quantitative approach, in order to assess results on a program of a new vehicle, with the source data diaries, documents and historical development and feasibility solutions for problems in three specific cases. For the analysis of data were used comparative figures between the time of development with the proposed methodology and time history with the traditional methods including time correction of problems not previously identified. The analyzes of the data and information obtained indicates that the analysis of feasibility using digital mock-ups, can help with gains of around 15% for lead-time and a reduction in the order of 1.64 M in total expenditures of the program, showing that the analysis for feasibility, applied even at the embryonic stage of product development in an organization based on the Lean philosophy, contribute effectively in a program for new vehicles in the automotive industry.

Este trabalho foca no desenvolvimento de uma unidade de gerenciamento eletrônico que tem como objetivo controlar um motor de combustão interna do ciclo Otto. Essa unidade é composta por três blocos independentes, onde cada um deles é composto por um hardware e um software específico. O primeiro bloco é chamado de gerenciamento e ele é responsável por ler todos os sinais de sensores, processá-los e criar com isso alguns parâmetros de controle que são transmitidos para o bloco de sincronismo por meio de uma comunicação SPI (Synchronous Peripheral Interface). O bloco de sincronismo por sua vez recebe esses parâmetros com a intenção de controlar as válvulas injetoras e as bobinas de ignição no momento exato para manter o motor em um funcionamento perfeito. O terceiro bloco é chamado comunicação/diagnose, sendo responsável por ser a interface entre o motor e os usuários e desenvolvedores. Portanto, ele monitora algumas informações do motor e as mostram em um display, bem como possíveis falhas que possam ocorrer na utilização dele. Sendo assim, o objetivo principal desse trabalho é mostrar como essa unidade de gerenciamento eletrônico foi desenvolvida, algumas estratégias usadas para controlar o motor e alguns resultados práticos aplicando essa unidade de gerenciamento eletrônico em um motor real montado em uma plataforma de metal chamado mock-up. / This paper focuses on the development of an electronic management unit which has the objective to control an Otto cycle internal combustion engine. This unit is composed by three separated blocks where each one of these blocks is composed by one specific hardware and software. The first block is named management and it is responsible to read all the engine sensors signals, to process these signals and to create with it some parameters of control that is transferred to the synchronism block through a SPI (Synchronous Peripheral Interface) communication. The synchronism block receives these parameters in order to control the nozzles and the ignition coils in the exact moment to keep the engine running perfectly. The third block is named communication/diagnoses and it is responsible to be the interface between the engine and the drivers and developers. So it monitores some engine information and it shows this information in a display, as well some possible faults that can occur with the use of it. Therefore, the main purpose of this work is to show how this electronic control unit was developed, some strategies used to control the engine and some practical results, by applying this electronic control unit in a real engine assembled in an iron base platform, named mock-up.

Für den Austausch und zur Kopplung von Simulationsmodellen ist die Nutzung herstellerübergreifender Standards wie des Functional Mock-up-Interfaces (FMI) unerlässlich. In diesem Artikel wird eine Methode zum automatisierten Export von Simulationsmodellen aus Simulink in Module nach dem Standard FMI for Co-Simulation vorgestellt. Der automatisierte Export nutzt den Quelltextgenerator von Simulink und passt diesen über Templates für den Target Language Compiler so an, dass der erzeugte Quelltext das Functional Mock-up Interface implementiert. Der Artikel beschreibt die Methode zum Auslesen der Signaldefinitionen inkl. Bezeichner und Typen aus dem Simulink-Modell und die Methode zur Generierung des FMI-Quelltextes.

This diploma thesis deals with creation of elektromechanical model in Modelica language which is subsequently imported into LabVIEW environment. The Modelica language, LabVIEW graphical programming tool and Functional Mock-up Interface 2.0 standard are described in the introduction of this thesis. Functional Mock-up Interface is a tool independent standard witch, defines a standardized interface to ModelExchange and Co-simulation of complex system components. The model of electromechanical system was created based on Functional Mock-up Interface standard. Part of the work focuses on the Functional Mock-up Unit storage possibilities and LabVIEW support to import models of this type. The imported model was simulated and tested in this environment. Finally, the instance of Functional Mock-up Unit was connected with LabVIEW FPGA target for the purpose of model HIL simulation on CompactRIO platform.

This thesis solves the use of Modelica models in Matlab/Simulink enviroment. The first part is focused on Modelica language and Functional Mock-up Interface, a standard way for model exchange and co-simulation of dynamic models, which is supported by most Modelica oriented tools. Based on this standard FMUtoolbox was created and it provides the ability to import and simulate models exported as Functional Mock-up Unit. The tool provides a Simulink block, graphical and command-line interface.

Für den Austausch und zur Kopplung von Simulationsmodellen ist die Nutzung herstellerübergreifender Standards wie des Functional Mock-up-Interfaces (FMI) unerlässlich. In diesem Artikel wird eine Methode zum automatisierten Export von Simulationsmodellen aus Simulink in Module nach dem Standard FMI for Co-Simulation vorgestellt. Der automatisierte Export nutzt den Quelltextgenerator von Simulink und passt diesen über Templates für den Target Language Compiler so an, dass der erzeugte Quelltext das Functional Mock-up Interface implementiert. Der Artikel beschreibt die Methode zum Auslesen der Signaldefinitionen inkl. Bezeichner und Typen aus dem Simulink-Modell und die Methode zur Generierung des FMI-Quelltextes.

<p>This thesis discusses the possibilities to visualise the presentation layer of a search engine on a mobile device in an alternative way. Previous work in the area has shown that the use of text-based-lists can be problematic when accessed on a device with a limited display. In the scope of the thesis and in order to tackle the current problems when displaying the results a literature review was carried out. The findings of the review formed the basis for a requirement definition on which a mock-up was developed. The mock-up was then evaluated and tested during a usability test where a number of users got to experience the alternative presentation layer that uses a visualisation technique called tree- map. The results from the test show that the mock-up could be seen as a alternative to the current presentation of results. The mock-up also shows that a future implementation could also include the use of categories and sorting of information in order to provide content with a meaning.</p>

Les outils actuels de gestion industrielle s'appuient généralement sur l'ingénierie concourante, qui implique la réalisation des étapes de gestion du cycle de vie des produits en parallèle et l'intégration des données techniques pour le partage entre les différents experts. Divers experts utilisent des logiciels spécifiques à leur domaine pour produire diverses données compilées via une maquette numérique. Ces experts multidisciplinaires ont tendance à travailler en collaboration pendant le développement de produits. Au cours d'activités de conception collaborative synchrones, telles que les revues de projet et la prise de décisions, les experts de différents domaines doivent dialoguer, négocier et choisir pour résoudre les différences multidisciplinaires. De nombreux domaines tels que la conception collaborative et de l’évaluation des produits avec multiples experts, ont une grande demande de nouveaux outils d'aide à la collaboration. Avec le développement des technologies de l'Interaction Homme-Machine (IHM), il est possible de concevoir des outils et des méthodes plus intuitifs pour améliorer la collaboration co-localisée entre les experts.Dans cette thèse, afin d'améliorer la collaboration avec des experts de différents domaines et communiquer via la maquette numérique, une IHM multi-utilisateurs avec des représentations différentes lors d'un travail collaboratif a été pris en considération et son influence sur la collaboration multidisciplinaire co-localisée est étudiée. Un schéma de la méthodologie d'évaluation de la contribution à un système multi-utilisateurs et des expérimentations sont proposées. Les résultats des expériences des résultats significatifs concernant l’efficacité de la réalisation de la tâche, l'utilisabilité de l'Interaction Homme-Machine et la performance de la collaboration lors de l'utilisation de l'interface multi-utilisateurs dans les scénarios de collaboration multidisciplinaires. Les contributions et apports de cette interface sont discutés. / The current industrial management tools generally rely on Concurrent Engineering, which involves conducting Product Lifecycle Management stages in parallel and integrating technical data for sharing across different experts. Various experts use domain-specific software to produce various data into Digital mock-up. These multidisciplinary experts have trends to work collaboratively during product development. During co-located synchronous collaborative design activities, such as project review and decision-making, experts from different domains must discuss, negotiate, and compromise to solve multidisciplinary differences. Many areas, such as early collaborative design and multi-expert product evaluation, have a great demand for new collaborative support tools. With the development of Human Computer Interaction, it is possible to devise more intuitive tools to enhance co-located collaboration across experts.In this thesis, to enhance the collaboration with experts on different domains to communicate with DMU, a multi-user interface across users with different representations during a collaborative work has been taken into consideration and its influence on co-located multidisciplinary collaboration is investigated. A schema of the methodology for evaluating the contribution to a multi-user system and the multiple users’ experiences is proposed. Results of experiments show the significances of the efficiency of task, the usability of interface, and the performance of collaboration during the use of multi-user CHI in multidisciplinary collaborative scenarios. The contributions of what multi-user interface brings to the design criteria of multi-user interface and multi-user co-located collaboration are discussed.

This thesis discusses the possibilities to visualise the presentation layer of a search engine on a mobile device in an alternative way. Previous work in the area has shown that the use of text-based-lists can be problematic when accessed on a device with a limited display. In the scope of the thesis and in order to tackle the current problems when displaying the results a literature review was carried out. The findings of the review formed the basis for a requirement definition on which a mock-up was developed. The mock-up was then evaluated and tested during a usability test where a number of users got to experience the alternative presentation layer that uses a visualisation technique called tree- map. The results from the test show that the mock-up could be seen as a alternative to the current presentation of results. The mock-up also shows that a future implementation could also include the use of categories and sorting of information in order to provide content with a meaning.