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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Synthesis of functionalised polysiloxanes and the structure and optical properties of their LB films

Forkan, Michael Gerard January 1999 (has links)
No description available.
2

Modification and patterning of planar graphitic surfaces with molecular films

Gross, Andrew James January 2012 (has links)
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the current literature regarding molecular level modification of conducting surfaces. The modification of carbon surfaces are discussed, with particular attention being given to the use of aryldiazonium salt compounds. Patterning of molecular layers using aryldiazonium salts and arylazides is detailed. The objectives of the project are outlined. Chapter 2 contains the general experimental methods, instrumentation, chemicals, and materials used throughout this thesis. Chapter 3 details the development of two technical methods: a heat treatment method for regenerating diazonium-modified or deactivated pyrolysed photoresist film electrodes, and a method for preparing evaporated carbon film electrodes. Although regeneration of the evaporated carbon surfaces was unsuccessful, the surfaces exhibited good electrochemical properties and are useful substrates for studying diazonium-derived films. Chapter 4 reports the covalent modification of carbon, gold, and indium tin oxide surfaces with thin porphyrin films via the electrochemical reduction of porphyrin aryldiazonium salts. Surface characterisation studies revealed that the films are stably-attached and exhibit well-defined redox and optical properties. Chapter 5 describes the preparation and patterning of organic films on carbon and silicon surfaces using arylazides combined with photolithography. Strategies were investigated to generate continuous mixed films and surfaces presenting patterns of one or two components. For all grafted surfaces, the reactivity of tether species was confirmed by coupling electroactive targets or gold nanoparticles to the tethers, followed by electrochemical analysis or surface microscopy. Chapter 6 details the modification of carbon surfaces with diazonium-derived films via aryltriazenes. Also described in this chapter is the development of microfluidics, for use with aryltriazene and aryldiazonium salt solutions, for generating parallel surface patterns. Chapter 7 concludes and answers to the challenges reported in this study. Future directions are briefly discussed.
3

Propriedades luminescentes de polioxometalato contendo európio(III) correlacionadas à sua conformação em sólido estendido e em filmes auto-organizados de Langmuir e Langmuir-Blodgett / Luminescent properties of europium(III)-containing polyoxometalate correlated to the conformations in extended solid and on Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films

Oliveira, Higor Henrique de Souza [UNESP] 24 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by HIGOR HENRIQUE DE SOUZA OLIVEIRA null (higor6@itelefonica.com.br) on 2016-03-14T01:11:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Doutorado.pdf: 10715169 bytes, checksum: 67bc136f2489ae6944e6a9db6998967a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Manzano de Almeida (smanzano@marilia.unesp.br) on 2016-03-15T17:52:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_hhs_dr_araiq_par.pdf: 1487328 bytes, checksum: dc6bd8f68483e98dd23a89fc9938b22d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T17:52:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 oliveira_hhs_dr_araiq_par.pdf: 1487328 bytes, checksum: dc6bd8f68483e98dd23a89fc9938b22d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-24 / Luminescência é a emissão de luz decorrente da excitação de átomos, íons, moléculas ou materiais. Quando a excitação é realizada por radiações ionizantes, o material luminescente é denominado cintilador e possui aplicações tecnológicas relacionadas à detecção dessas radiações de alta energia. A conformação desses materiais tem impacto direto em seu custo e aplicabilidade e atualmente, há uma busca por novas conformações de materiais luminescentes para aplicação em diversos dispositivos. Sistemas bidimensionais, como filmes finos nanoestruturados, possuem potencial aplicação em nanotecnologia e os processos de auto-organização desses sistemas têm sido crescentemente estudados e empregados. Neste trabalho, as propriedades luminescentes do polioxometalato [Eu(W5O18)2]9- foram estudadas em função de sua conformação em sólido estendido, filmes de Langmuir e de Langmuir-Blodgett, com ênfase em medidas de luminescência com excitação por radiação ultravioleta ou raios X. O sólido Na9[Eu(W5O18)2].14H2O foi preparado pela mistura de soluções de tungstato de sódio e nitrato de európio em pH e temperatura adequados. Medidas de espectroscopia de fotoluminescência do sólido evidenciam a presença de íons Eu3+ ao menos em dois sítios não-centrossimétricos, sendo um deles de menor simetria com relação ao outro. Com o aumento da temperatura, as distorções provocadas pelas vibrações térmicas e pela saída das moléculas de água de hidratação diminuem a simetria local ao redor dos íons Eu3+ em ambos os sítios. As mudanças nas propriedades luminescentes decorrentes do aumento da temperatura são irreversíveis a partir de 100oC, temperatura na qual inicia-se a desidratação do sólido. A excitação via transferência de carga dos ligantes para os metais favorece a emissão proveniente dos íons Eu3+ nos sítios menos distorcidos enquanto a excitação direta nos níveis intraconfiguracionais dos íons Eu3+ favorece a emissão proveniente dos íons Eu3+ nos sítios mais distorcidos. O mecanismo de cintilação nesse sólido tem contribuição significativa do processo de transferência de energia de estados relacionados à transferência de carga para os níveis excitados dos íons Eu3+ e a eficiência desse processo diminui com a incidência de raios X, provavelmente devido à criação de defeitos eletrônicos nos grupos (W5O18)6-, levando à diminuição da eficiência do processo de absorção e transferência de energia para os íons Eu3+ e consequentemente, à diminuição da intensidade de emissão em função do tempo de exposição à radiação X. Os filmes de Langmuir do sistema misto surfactante/polioxometalato assumem empacotamento compacto, estável e parcialmente reversível na interface subfase-ar. O sistema projetado e montado pelo grupo de pesquisa do Laboratório de Materiais Luminescentes para a realização de medidas de espectroscopia de fotoluminescência com excitação ultravioleta in situ na cuba de Langmuir-Blodgett permite correlacionar as propriedades luminescentes de filmes de Langmuir com os diferentes níveis de organização da monocamada, sendo uma poderosa ferramenta na caracterização desses filmes. Os filmes de Langmuir-Blodgett do sistema misto surfactante/polioxometalato foram preparados com elevada taxa de transferência e apresentam intensidade de emissão linearmente dependente do número de camadas depositadas. Nestes filmes, os íons Eu3+ ocupam ao menos dois sítios não-centrossimétricos com tempos de vida distintos e a variação da temperatura provoca alterações quase completamente reversíveis em suas propriedades luminescentes. / Luminescence is the emission of light resulting from the excitation of atoms, ions, molecules or materials. When ionizing radiation is used in the excitation, the luminescent material is called scintillator and has technological applications related to the detection of these high energy radiations. The conformation of these materials has direct impact on theirs cost and applicability and currently, there is a search for new conformations of luminescent materials for application in several devices. Two-dimensional systems, as nanostructured thin films, have potential applications in nanotechnology and the self-assembly processes of these systems have been increasingly studied and employed. In this work, the luminescent properties of the polyoxometalate [Eu(W5O18)2]9- were studied as a function of its conformation in solid bulk, Langmuir and Langmuir-Blodgett films, with emphasis on X-ray- and UV-excited luminescence measurements. Solid Na9[Eu(W5O18)2].14H2O was prepared by mixing sodium tungstate and europium nitrate solutions in suitable temperature and pH. Photoluminescence measurements of the solid sample evidence the presence of Eu3+ ions at least two non-centrosymmetric sites. With increasing temperature, the distortions caused by thermal vibration and dehydration process decrease the local symmetry around the Eu3+ at both sites. Changes in the luminescent properties are irreversible after temperatures above 100°C, temperature at which it begins the solid dehydration. Ligand to metal charge transfer excitation promotes the emission from the Eu3+ ions at less distorted site while the direct excitation in intraconfigurational levels of Eu3+ ions promote the emission from the Eu3+ ions at more distorted site. The scintillation mechanism of this solid has significant contribution of the energy transfer process from charge transfer states to the excited levels of Eu3+ ions and the efficiency of this process decreases by the incidence of X-rays, probably due to the creation of electronic defects at groups (W5O18)6-, decreasing the efficiency of the absorption and energy transfer processes and consequently, decreasing the emission intensity with the exposure to X-rays. Langmuir films of the surfactant/polyoxometalate system assume compact, stable and partially reversible packaging at the subphase-air interface. The system to performing in situ photoluminescence spectroscopy at Langmuir-Blodgett trough, designed by research group of the Luminescent Materials Laboratory, allows the correlation between the luminescent properties of Langmuir films and the monolayer organization level, being a powerful tool in the characterization of these films. Langmuir-Blodgett films of the surfactant/polyoxometalate system were prepared with high transfer rate and the films present emission intensity linearly dependent on the number of deposited layers. In these films, Eu3+ ions occupy at least two non-centrosymmetric sites with different lifetimes and the temperature variation causes almost completely reversible changes in their luminescent properties.

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