Thesis--Harvard University. / Bibliography: p. 137-141.

Thesis--Harvard University. / Bibliography: p. 137-141.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / There are two types of extracellular fluid in the cochlea: the endolymph of the scala media and the perilymph of the scala vestibuli and scala tympani. Cochlear endolymph and perilymph have different compositions, and the concentration gradient of solutes across the cochlear partition is actively maintained in vivo. In experiments involving fresh cochleas that have been dissected to allow access to the cochlear partition, the cochlea is generally placed in a single medium that aims to nourish the cochlear cells. However, the dissection usually disrupts the separation of endolymph and perilymph across the organ of Corti, the organ in the cochlear partition that contains the auditory sensory cells. Separating the fluids across the cochlear partition during experiments involving dissected cochleas would allow for more physiologically relevant observations to be made. This work was aimed at creating a two-chambered device for holding excised Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) cochlear preparations during in vitro electrical stimulation experiments. Primarily, this device creates experimental conditions that more closely mimic the in vivo physiologic conditions found within the gerbil cochlea by isolating the endolymph medium and perilymph medium bathing the opposing surfaces of the organ of Corti. The device also provides a means to electrically stimulate the organ of Corti and allows for imaging of the response to stimulation. The ability of the device to seal endolymph medium from perilymph medium is shown via electrical resistance measurements between the chambers. The imaging of hair cell motion during electrical stimulation is also demonstrated. / 2031-01-02

No description available.

The present thesis consists of an introduction and the following papers: The aspect-evidentiality system of Middle Mongol. Ural-Altaic Studies, 13. (forthcoming) The tense-aspect system of Khorchin Mongolian. In: Pirkko Suihkonen &amp; Lindsay Whaley (eds.), Typology of Languages of Europe and Northern and Central Asia. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (forthcoming) Aspect and epistemic notions in the present tense system of Khalkha Mongolian. Acta Linguistica Petropolitana. (forthcoming) Factual vs. evidential? - The past tense forms of spoken Khalkha Mongolian. In: Ad Foolen, Helen de Hoop, &amp; Gijs Mulder (eds.), Empirical Approaches to Evidentiality. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. (under review) Its purpose is to give an account of tense, aspect and evidentiality in three Mongolian varieties: Middle Mongol (MM) as spoken in the Mongol Empire, Khalkha Mongolian as spoken in the Mongolian state, and Khorchin Mongolian as spoken in eastern Inner Mongolia, China. MM started out with a tripartite tense distinction and a medium-sized aspectual system. Its past evidential system was tripartite with suffixes for firsthand, non-firsthand and evidentially neutral information. In Khorchin, which developed under the influence of Mandarin and Manchu, evidentiality was lost, and tense was simplified into a past / non-past distinction, alongside with a discontinuous proximal future / past marker. The aspect system underwent some changes, but retained its complexity. Khalkha, which developed under the influence of Turkic and Tibetan, underwent some shared innovations with Khorchin, but retained participles as a multifunctional unit within finite predicates, so that its aspectual system grew more complex. The past evidentiality distinctions of MM were basically retained, but the introduction of present tense evidentiality brought a number of changes: the evidentially neutral value shifted to signaling assimilated knowledge, and discontinuous future uses were introduced for all past markers. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Accepted. Paper 2: Accepted. Paper 3: Accepted. Paper 4: Submitted.</p><p> </p>

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 118-134). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

The study aims to contribute in the understanding of key values and behaviours for Education for sustainable development and their correlations and to further develop knowledge about how they are distributed among upper secondary school students in relation to socio-demographic factors. There were 274 surveys collected in 5 different schools in Ulaanbaatar and analysed using ANOVA followed by Tukey test and Pearson’s correlation tests. The study supports the findings of previous research that universal, benevolence and traditional values are positively correlated with a positive environmental behaviour. The positive orientation towards sustainability suggest that the current adolescent Mongolian population can become potential environmental supporters with a strong motivation towards sustainable behaviour and attitudes. The demographic and social factors were weak in relation to value orientations, no significant difference observed in value orientation. There was a notable gender difference in pro environmental behaviour which aligned with many existing academic studies. Social factors in relation to environmentally friendly attitude suggested that pro environmental adolescents were somehow exposed to the natural environment and read books during their free time displayed increasingly positive behaviour toward the environment. Therefore this study emphasises the importance of encouraging informal outdoor activities and increasing the access and popularity of reading books among youths. These measures would also serve to strengthen the benevolence value and promote pro environmental behaviour.

Speech audiometry is an important aspect of audiological testing. One aspect of speech audiometry is the measurement of an individual's speech reception threshold (SRT). Materials needed to measure the SRT are available in many languages; however, recorded materials for the Mongolian Language are not widely available. The purpose of this study was to develop a list of psychometrically equivalent words for evaluating the hearing abilities of native Mongolian speaking individuals. A set of 90 commonly used bisyllabic Mongolian words were digitally recorded by a male and female talker of Mongolian and then evaluated by 20 native Mongolian listeners. A final list of 28 words with relatively steep psychometric function slopes were selected and digitally adjusted to reduce intensity threshold variability among words. Digital recordings of the 28 psychometrically equivalent bisyllabic words are available on compact disc to facilitate SRT testing of native Mongolian speakers.

<p> The present thesis reports an experiment that investigated the phenomenon of asymmetric paw elevation in the tripedal stance of the Mongolian gerbil, and tested the Geschwind-Galaburda extra-genetic theory of human handedness. Neonate gerbils of both sexes were injected with testosterone propionate during the "critical" period of brain development. They were then assessed for asymmetry in eye opening, for anogenital distance, and for paw elevation and scent marking before and after puberty. Eye opening asymmetry was not affected by treatment. Paw elevation was affected by treatment, with treated gerbils of both sexes displaying more right elevations before and after puberty than untreated gerbils. Control females displayed systematic patterns in paw elevation before and after puberty. Adult gerbils in all conditions displayed more consistency in paw elevation than young gerbils. Anogenital distance was increased with treatment, but only in the females. Adult scent marking behavior was marginally reduced with treatment, but only in the males. Results are interpreted within the Geschwind-Galaburda theory of handedness, and the hormonal basis of paw elevation is discussed. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

Thesis--Bonn. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 251-257).