Les personnages des romans d’Elsa Morante (1912-1985) sont analysés du point de vue du rapport apparemment opposé entre leur dimension sociale et leur évidente typisation littéraire. Ces deux pôles, le premier analysé par le recours à certaines notions d’études sociologiques menées par G. Simmel et E. Goffman, le deuxième axé sur la construction au niveau littéraire des personnages, contribuent à mettre en lumière le réalisme de Morante, qui tourne autour des vicissitudes humaines vécues par des « personnages vivants (bien qu’imaginaires) » : la relation avec l’autre et avec soi-même, la recherche d’une identité, grâce et malgré la présence des stigmates, concourent à créer des personnages tout à fait modernes. Les deux parties de cette étude, examinées roman après roman, s’avèrent indispensables et interdépendantes : d’un côté, le réalisme des dynamiques humaines, de l’autre l’univers narratif, fondé sur un incessant travail de réutilisation et de personnalisation des figures stéréotypées et d’éléments identifiables de la tradition littéraire, de la part de l’auteure. / This research focuses on the study of the characters in Elsa Morante's novels. The characters are analysed mostly in relation to the apparently conflictual relationship between their recognizable social dimension and their equally clear literary characterisation. The first aspect is examined with the help of some ideas inspired by the sociological studies carried out by G. Simmel and E. Goffman, while the second is centred on the literary construction of the characters. These two aspects contribute to highlight Morante's understanding of Realism: a concept that revolves around the human events experienced by “living but fictional characters” and that is closely connected to the 20th century. One of the central themes is the relationship with the others and with oneself, together with the search for identity, thanks to and notwithstanding the presence of stigmas. The two dimensions of this study were examined analysing each novel, they are at the same time essential and interdependent: on the one hand we see the realism of human dynamics, analysed with the help of sociological theories, and on the other hand the narrative universe, based on a continuous work of re-use and personalization of stereotypical characters and elements that can be recognised on the basis of literary tradition.

This thesis analyse life and work of the leading figure of italian literature in the twentieth century Elsa Morante. Important elements of her work are defined on the basis of analyses of all her novels. The introduction part shows her personal life and comlete work, which includes also poetry, short stories and fairy tales. Four chapters analysing her four novels are following. The author debuts in 1948 when she published novel Menzogna e sortilegio. Second book L'isola di Artura followed nearly ten years later in 1957. This novel won critical acclaim and favour of readers. Next book La Storia was a bestseller with more then 600 000 sold copies. Critic's opinions differ widely, up to now this novel is receiving opposing reviewes. Morante concluded her writing with the last very pessimistic novel Aracoeli. Author wrote just four novels, in every one of them she used the same methodes and themes. Typical components of her writing style are the subject of the last chapter. key words: Elsa Morante, Menzogna e sortilegio, L'isola di Arturo, La Storia, Aracoeli, author's style

Submitted by Caroline Ferreti null (carol_ferreti@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-19T20:14:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINE FERRETI- Dissertação.docx: 139979 bytes, checksum: 1b00c04257d3e36a290a641f5646d9b2 (MD5) / Rejected by Maria Luiza Carpi Semeghini (luiza@assis.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: - Inserir o arquivo do trabalho em formato PDF Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-03-19T23:06:32Z (GMT) / Submitted by Caroline Ferreti null (carol_ferreti@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-19T23:20:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINE FERRETI- Dissertação.pdf: 1320622 bytes, checksum: 0ca0a2e91a477aaa28f9cc1a39a1986b (MD5) / Rejected by Maria Luiza Carpi Semeghini (luiza@assis.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: Incluir a folha de aprovações - obrigatória no exemplar definitivo – folha providenciada pela Pós-graduação Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-03-20T00:21:24Z (GMT) / Submitted by Caroline Ferreti null (carol_ferreti@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-22T19:42:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CAROLINE FERRETI- Dissertação (1).pdf: 1139266 bytes, checksum: 9b919b74b63b3071f184340a09fe4192 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Laura Akie Saito Inafuko (linafuko@assis.unesp.br) on 2018-03-23T12:39:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreti_c_me_assis.pdf: 1139266 bytes, checksum: 9b919b74b63b3071f184340a09fe4192 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-23T12:39:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreti_c_me_assis.pdf: 1139266 bytes, checksum: 9b919b74b63b3071f184340a09fe4192 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-31 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O trabalho analisa características de dois romances, um deles escrito por uma autora brasileira, A maçã no escuro, de Clarice Lispector (1920-1976) e o segundo por uma autora italiana, A ilha de Arturo (L’isola di Arturo), de Elsa Morante (1912-1985). A pesquisa estabelece continuidade com o projeto desenvolvido em nível de iniciação científica e insiste na análise sob novos parâmetros comparativos, ou seja, partimos do fato de as escritoras serem de gerações diferentes e não terem mantido contato, nem mesmo através de suas obras. Além de serem ambas judias, o que pode aproximá-las é a busca da identidade, do eu e da interioridade, em certos casos ampliando a jornada pelo inconsciente e para o questionamento das formas de representação. Essa temática complexa reflete, tanto no plano do conteúdo quanto na forma literária certa obstinação ou uma insubordinação exposta na linguagem. A análise está centrada nos protagonistas masculinos dos romances: em A maçã no escuro, o narrador em terceira pessoa apresenta Martim, já maduro, e sua procura ao se encontrar, descobrir o tempo, se libertar do medo; até meados da narrativa sua atitude mais inteligível e ativa é sentar-se em uma pedra; em A ilha de Arturo, o protagonista já adulto, Arturo Gerace, narra em primeira pessoa suas memórias da adolescência, principalmente ligadas à ilha, ao pai e à madrasta. Ambas as personagens lidam com a solidão, com o medo e com o mal; escolhem a fuga como forma de enfrentar os impasses do mundo interior e exterior. O desafio desta análise é estabelecer um contraponto entre os romances privilegiando a elaboração da linguagem referente ao foco narrativo de cada obra, o modo como exprimem a consciência das personagens, e a maneira de representar a existência desses homens. Os heróis criados por Lispector e Morante estão em constante formação e transformação. Martim e Aturo optam por sair do ambiente costumeiro, usando a experiência como suporte, uma vez que, nas palavras de Sartre, somente o ato permite ao homem viver. / The syllabus analises aspects of two romances, one of them is written by a brazilian author, A maçã no escuro by Clarice Lispector (1920-1976) and the other is by an Italian author, A Ilha de Arturo (L’isola di Arturo) by Elsa Morante (1912-1985). The research establishes continuity with the project developed in a scientific initiation level and insists in the analysis by new comparative parameters, therefore, under the circumstances that the authors are from different ages in time and didn’t have any contact with each other, not even by their work. They were both jewish, which may help bring them together in some aspects by their identities, in some cases, broadening the journey by the in-consciousness and also questioning the ways of representing it. This complex theme reflects, in its content and literary form, a obstinacy exposed in the language. The analysis is centered in the main male characters of the novels: in A maçã no escuro the narrator in third person introduces Martim, already mature, and his search of finding himself, discovering the wonders of time, and liberating himself from fear; until half of the narrative his most active action is to sit on a rock; in A Ilha de Arturo, the adult protagonist, Arturo Gerace, narrates in first person his teenage memories, mostly the ones connected to the island, his dad and step mother. Both characters deal with solitude, fear and evil; they choose running away as a way of dealing with the obstacles of the exterior and interior world. The challenge of this analysis is to establish a counterpoint between the novels while bringing up the elaboration of the language and the narrative goal of each novel, the way consciousness is expressed in each character, and how the existence of these men is represented. The literary heroes created by Lispector and Morante are in constant formation and transformation. Martim and Arturo choose to leave their home environments, using their experience as a base, as said, in the words of Sartre, that only the act allows the man to liv

Resumo: Esta dissertação é um estudo sobre o romance A História, da escritora italiana Elsa Morante. Será investigada a expressão da alteridade dos personagens, em especial a da Mater dolorosa Ida Ramundo e sua relação com os filhos Nino e Useppe durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Os personagens são apresentados através de imagens criadas pela figura de linguagem identificada como hipotipose. O poder da palavra e o efeito estético que ela exerce no leitor são os instrumentos de reflexão sobre a violência e submissão entre indivíduos marginalizados na história. Assim como seus personagens, Elsa Morante esteve à margem do panorama literário do século XX, e essa pesquisa tem como objetivo também contribuir para um resgate desta escritora nos estudos literários brasileiros.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 206-213).