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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Morphological Studies of Crystallization in Thin Films of PEO/PMMA Blends

Okerberg, Brian 21 October 2005 (has links)
Morphological development during crystallization of thin films of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) / poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blends has been reported. Studies have focused on the effects of the blend composition, PMMA molecular weight, film thickness, and crystallization temperature on the observed crystal morphology. As the blend composition was varied from 90 to 30 wt% PEO, the crystal morphology varied from spherulites to needles and dendrites. Variation of the crystallization temperature and PMMA molecular weight resulted in similar changes in morphology. A morphological map demonstrating the roles of the experimental controls on the observed crystal morphology has been developed. This map was used as a tool for more detailed studies of the observed morphologies and morphological transitions. The dendritic region of the map (~ 30 = 40 wt% PEO) was studied in detail. Changes in the diffusion length were achieved through variation of the PMMA molecular weight, and were shown to influence the secondary sidebranch spacing. Sidebranch spacing measurements revealed that coarsening of the dendritic microstructure occurred well after the competition between diffusion fields of neighboring dendrite arms vanished, indicating the existence of another coarsening mechanism. These studies of dendritic sidebranching indicate that polymer dendrites develop by mechanisms similar to those in small molecules and metals. A number of in-situ observations of morphological transitions have also been reported, including a dense-branched morphology (DBM)/dendrite transition, a DBM/stacked-needle/needle transition, and a transition from dendrites with 90o sidebranching to dendrites with 45o branching or a dense-branched morphology, both of which grow at 45o to the original dendrite trunk. The DBM/dendrite transition occurred over a range of crystallization temperatures, indicating that the transition is not sharp. Crystal growth rate measurements verified this result. The DBM/stacked-needle/needle transitions demonstrated distinct jumps in the crystal growth rate, indicating a change in the growth mechanism or direction. For the transition involving a change in the growth direction, the effective level of noise (fluctuation) was found to be important in morphological selection. The results of this work have helped to define new directions for the study of crystal morphologies, especially in the areas of spherulite formation and dendritic growth. / Ph. D.
2

Theoretische und numerische Untersuchungen zu morphologischen Übergängen beim Rißwachstum

Mühle, Volker 29 January 2000 (has links) (PDF)
In dieser Arbeit wird die Strukturbildung beim Risswachstum im stationären und instationärem Temperaturfeld im Rahmen der linear-elastischen Bruchmechanik analysiert und numerisch mittels der Methode der finiten Elemente (FEM) untersucht. Die beim langsamen Eintauchen eines heißen schmalen Glasstreifens in kaltes Wasser mit wachsender Temperaturdifferenz oder Eintauchgeschwindigkeit beobachteten Übergänge zwischen keinem, einem geraden und einem oszillierenden Riss werden in ein morphologisches Diagramm eingetragen und die Art des Überganges zur oszillierenden Rissausbreitung bestimmt. Die theoretischen Ergebnisse werden mit Experimenten verschiedener Autoren verglichen. Gleichartige Untersuchungen werden für die Ausbreitung mehrerer Risse durchgeführt. Beim Abschrecken einer erwärmten breiten Probe entstehen hierarchisch geordnete Risslängenstrukturen. Das Skalenverhalten der Rissdichte in Abhängigkeit von der Risslänge wird untersucht. Die Theorie liefert ohne Fitparameter eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung mit dem Experiment. / This paper investigates the formation of crack patterns in stationary and transient temperature fields analytically with linear elastic fracture mechanics and numerically with the finite elements method (FEM). In particular, we consider the experimental situation of a narrow thin strip of hot glass slowly lowered into cold water, with temperature difference and velocity as variable parameters. The parameter regions of no crack, one straight crack and one oscillating crack are determined. The type of phase transition related to the borderline between straight and oscillating crack is characterized. The theoretical results are compared with those of other authors. Similar investigations and comparisions are done for the propagation of multiple cracks. Quenching of a wide thin strip leads to a hierarchy of cracks whose scaling properties are analyzed. Without any fitting, theory and experiment agree surprisingly well.
3

Theoretische und numerische Untersuchungen zu morphologischen Übergängen beim Rißwachstum

Mühle, Volker 15 February 2000 (has links)
In dieser Arbeit wird die Strukturbildung beim Risswachstum im stationären und instationärem Temperaturfeld im Rahmen der linear-elastischen Bruchmechanik analysiert und numerisch mittels der Methode der finiten Elemente (FEM) untersucht. Die beim langsamen Eintauchen eines heißen schmalen Glasstreifens in kaltes Wasser mit wachsender Temperaturdifferenz oder Eintauchgeschwindigkeit beobachteten Übergänge zwischen keinem, einem geraden und einem oszillierenden Riss werden in ein morphologisches Diagramm eingetragen und die Art des Überganges zur oszillierenden Rissausbreitung bestimmt. Die theoretischen Ergebnisse werden mit Experimenten verschiedener Autoren verglichen. Gleichartige Untersuchungen werden für die Ausbreitung mehrerer Risse durchgeführt. Beim Abschrecken einer erwärmten breiten Probe entstehen hierarchisch geordnete Risslängenstrukturen. Das Skalenverhalten der Rissdichte in Abhängigkeit von der Risslänge wird untersucht. Die Theorie liefert ohne Fitparameter eine sehr gute Übereinstimmung mit dem Experiment. / This paper investigates the formation of crack patterns in stationary and transient temperature fields analytically with linear elastic fracture mechanics and numerically with the finite elements method (FEM). In particular, we consider the experimental situation of a narrow thin strip of hot glass slowly lowered into cold water, with temperature difference and velocity as variable parameters. The parameter regions of no crack, one straight crack and one oscillating crack are determined. The type of phase transition related to the borderline between straight and oscillating crack is characterized. The theoretical results are compared with those of other authors. Similar investigations and comparisions are done for the propagation of multiple cracks. Quenching of a wide thin strip leads to a hierarchy of cracks whose scaling properties are analyzed. Without any fitting, theory and experiment agree surprisingly well.

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