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This study of the relationship between dynamic balance and rhythm tests the hypothesis that a positive relationship exists between these two factors. One hundred fifty-two fifth- and sixth-graders were given the Nelson Balance Test and an adaptation of Ashton's Practical Rhythm Test. The Pearson product-moment coefficient of correlation was used in the analysis of the data. The reliability of the tests was very low. The relationship between dynamic balance and rhythm was . 08, an unreliable correlation from which no conclusions could be drawn. It was recommended that improved methods of measuring dynamic balance and rhythm be developed for elementary pupils.

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar o potencial mastigatório em crianças com mordida aberta anterior dentoalveolar e com mordida aberta anterior esquelética, comparativamente à crianças com oclusão normal e analisar a associação da espessura e largura desses músculos com a idade, a atividade EMG e o padrão de crescimento facial. Participaram 56 crianças de ambos os sexos, de 6 a 12 anos de idade, distribuídas em três grupos: 23 com mordida aberta anterior dentoalveolar (grupo OB), 20 com mordida aberta anterior esquelética (grupo Hyper-OB) e 13 portadoras de oclusão normal (Grupo Controle), selecionadas nas Clínicas de Odontopediatria e de Ortodontia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto-USP. Todas as crianças realizaram a avaliação clínica odontológica, o exame cefalométrico, o exame miofuncional orofacial e as análises eletromiográfica (EMG) e ultrassonográfica dos músculos masseteres e temporais. Durante a EMG, todas as crianças realizaram apertamento dos dentes em Contração Voluntária Máxima, mastigação de alimentos naturais (amendoim, biscoito recheado, barra de cereais, chocolate e damasco) e artificial (chiclete). O modelo de análise adotado para a comparação dos grupos mordida aberta anterior esquelética, mordida aberta anterior dentoalveolar e controle foi Análise de Covariância (4-Way Ancova), tendo a idade como covariável. Não houve diferença entre os grupos OB e Hyper-OB (p>0,05). As medidas ultrassonográficas foram menores para ambos os grupos com mordida aberta em comparação com o grupo controle (p<0,01). Houveram diferenças entre os grupos Hyper-OB e C (p<0,05) na eletromiografia, em testes estáticos e dinâmicos. A capacidade mastigatória funcional foi semelhante para as crianças com mordida aberta dentoalveolar e esquelética e ambos os grupos diferiram do grupo controle. Esses resultados demonstram a importância da oclusão para a função muscular. / This study aimed to investigate the potential of chewing in children with dentoalveolar open bite and skeletal anterior open bite compared to children with normal occlusion and analyze the association between thickness and width of these muscles with age, and the pattern of EMG activity facial growth. Participants 56 children of both sexes, 6-12 years of age, divided into three groups: 23 with dentoalveolar anterior open bite, 20 with skeletal anterior open bite and 13 women with normal occlusion in selected clinics of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto-USP. All children underwent clinical dental cephalometric examination, examination and analysis miofunctional electromyographic (EMG) and ultrasound of the masseter and temporal muscles. During the EMG, all children had teeth clenching at maximum voluntary contraction, mastication of natural foods (peanuts, crackers, cereal bars, chocolate and apricot) and artificial flavor (bubblegum). The analytical model adopted for the comparison group skeletal anterior open bite, anterior open bite was dentoalveolar control and analysis of covariance (4-Way Ancova), with age as covariate. There was no difference between groups OB and Hyper-OB (p> 0,05). The ultrasound measurements were lower for both groups with open bite compared with the control group (p <0,01). There were differences between the groups Hyper-OB and C (p<0,05) in EMG in static and dynamic testing. The ability masticatory function was similar for children with dentoalveolar and skeletal open bite and both groups differed from the control group. These results demonstrate the importance of occlusion in muscle function.