Title: Eating habits of football players and inactive students aged 16 - 17 years. Objectives: The main objective of this work is to determine the eating habits of a group regularly trained football players aged 16 - 17 years and inactive students the same age and sex outside of their home. The second objective is to compare obtained data between the both groups. The work solves problem of fast food and notice č. 282/2016 Sb., which is validity on 9/20/2016 and regulates offer of school food machines and buffets. Methods: Three hundred persons participated in the testing in total. The work was used explorative method of anonym enquiry. The theoretical part was used literature review of available literature. For quantify of data was used descriptive access. For methods of data analysis were applied logic, induction and comparison. Logical and induction methods were used in conclusions. The method of analysis was used in the analysis for the individual groups. The method of comparison were compared investigated groups. It was evaluated influence of sport on children's eating habits. Results: Active approach to the sport can positively influence the minds of adolescents about food and their eating habits despite the fact that football players the most attended fast food from all of the examined files....

O objetivo da presente dissertação foi comparar os efeitos agudos de diferentes métodos de alongamento sobre a performance em testes motores e parâmetros neuromusculares. Para tanto, foram realizados dois estudos. Participaram do estudo 1, doze jogadores de futebol treinados, sendo submetidos a 5 condições experimentais: alongamento ativo (AT), balístico (BA), passivo (PA), facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva (FNP) ou condição controle (CO), em ordem randomizada e com intervalo mínimo de 48 h entre cada condição. Foram avaliados a altura de salto (H), potência pico (PP) e potência relativa (PR) no squat jump (SJ) e countermovent jump (CMJ), amplitude de movimento (ADM), tempo (s) nos 10-20-30 m durante o sprint e percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE). Os métodos de alongamento AT e BA não promoveram alterações agudas na performance nos 10, 20 e 30 m, e na H, PP e PR em ambas as técnicas CMJ e SJ. Por outro lado, os métodos PA e FNP promoveram efeitos negativos (p<0.05) na performance na H, PP e PR no CMJ e SJ. Além disso, escores significativamente superiores de PSE foram relatados após as sessões de alongamento PA e FNP em comparação a AT e BA. Foram encontrados aumentos significativos em ADM após todos os métodos de alongamento. Portanto, os métodos AT e BA podem ser utilizados previamente a atividades de salto vertical e sprint, com o objetido de aumento de flexibilidade. Já os métodos PA e FNP devem ser evitados, em função das maiores intensidades alcançadas nestas condições e pela extensa possibilidade de efeitos negativos posteriores na performance do salto vertical. Para o estudo 2, os jogadores de futebol foram submetidos as mesmas condições experimentais (CO, AT, BA, PA e FNP). Porem, foram avaliados a força máxima por meio do teste de uma repetição máxima (1 RM) para o exercício agachamento completo, e parâmetros neuromusculares através da técnica do twitch interpolation. Foram monitorados as variáveis força pico, taxa de desenvolvimento de força, amplitude da twitch superimposed e twitch potentiated, e percentual de ativação voluntária referentes ao sinal de força, e a root mean square, M-Wave e razão RMS/M-Wave referentes ao sinal eletromigráfico (EMG) (músculos: vasto lateral e reto femoral), durante contrações voluntária isométrica máxima (CVM) de extensão de joelho. Não foram encontradas alterações significativas na performance do teste de 1 RM e CVM após as condições CO, AT, BA, PA e FNP. Além disso, também não foram encontradas alterações significativas nas variáveis relativas ao sinal EMG. Dessa forma, sessões de alongamento semelhantes a do estudo [3 séries x 30 s de alongamento à 100% do point of discomfort (POD)], independente do método de alongamento, parecem não promover efeitos negativos posteriores na performance da força máxima e em parâmetros neuromusculares em atletas treinados. / The aim of this dissertation was to compare the acute effects of different stretching methods on motor tests performance and neuromuscular parameters. For this, two studies were conducted. Participated in the study 1, twelve trained soccer players, being submitted to 5 experimental conditions: active stretching (AC), ballistic (BA), passive (PA), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) or control condition (CO), in random order and with a minimum interval of 48 h between each condition. It was evaluated the jump height (H), peak power (PP) and relative power (PR) in squat jump (SJ) and countermovent jump (CMJ), range of motion (ROM), 10-20-30 m sprint time and rating of perception exertion (RPE). The AC and BA stretching methods did not promote acute changes in performance at 10-20-30 m sprint time, and in H, PP and PR in both CMJ and SJ techniques. On the other hand, PA and PNF methods promoted negative effects (p <0.05) on H, PP and PR performance in CMJ and SJ. In addition, significantly higher RPE scores were reported after the PA and PNF stretching sessions compared to AC and BA. Significant increases were found in ROM after all stretching methods. Therefore, AC and BA methods can be used prior to vertical jump and sprint activities, with the aim of increasing flexibility. On the other hand, the PA and PNF methods should be avoided, due to the higher intensities reached in these methods and the extensive possibility of subsequent negative effects on vertical jump performance. For study 2, soccer players underwent the same experimental conditions (CO, AC, BA, PA and PNF). However, maximum strength was assessed by a maximal repetition test (1 RM) for the full squat exercise, and neuromuscular parameters using the twitch interpolation technique. The variables peak force, rate of force development, amplitude of superimposed twitch and potentiated twitch, and percentage of voluntary activation referring to the force signal, and root mean square, M-Wave and RMS/M-Wave ratio referring to the Electromyographic (EMG) signal (muscles: vastus lateralis and rectus femoris), during maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVC) of knee extension. No significant changes were found in the 1 RM and CVM performance after CO, AC, BA, PA and PNF conditions. In addition, no significant changes were found in the variables related to the EMG signal. Thus, stretching sessions similar to the study [3 series x 30 s of 100% point of discomfort (POD) stretching], independent of the stretching method, do not seem to promote posterior negative effects on maximum strength performance and on neuromuscular parameters in trained athletes.

The purpose of this work is to develop a web based decision support system, based onfuzzy logic, to assess the motor state of Parkinson patients on their performance in onscreenmotor tests in a test battery on a hand computer. A set of well defined rules, basedon an expert’s knowledge, were made to diagnose the current state of the patient. At theend of a period, an overall score is calculated which represents the overall state of thepatient during the period. Acceptability of the rules is based on the absolute differencebetween patient’s own assessment of his condition and the diagnosed state. Anyinconsistency can be tracked by highlighted as an alert in the system. Graphicalpresentation of data aims at enhanced analysis of patient’s state and performancemonitoring by the clinic staff. In general, the system is beneficial for the clinic staff,patients, project managers and researchers.

O objetivo da presente dissertação foi comparar os efeitos agudos de diferentes métodos de alongamento sobre a performance em testes motores e parâmetros neuromusculares. Para tanto, foram realizados dois estudos. Participaram do estudo 1, doze jogadores de futebol treinados, sendo submetidos a 5 condições experimentais: alongamento ativo (AT), balístico (BA), passivo (PA), facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva (FNP) ou condição controle (CO), em ordem randomizada e com intervalo mínimo de 48 h entre cada condição. Foram avaliados a altura de salto (H), potência pico (PP) e potência relativa (PR) no squat jump (SJ) e countermovent jump (CMJ), amplitude de movimento (ADM), tempo (s) nos 10-20-30 m durante o sprint e percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE). Os métodos de alongamento AT e BA não promoveram alterações agudas na performance nos 10, 20 e 30 m, e na H, PP e PR em ambas as técnicas CMJ e SJ. Por outro lado, os métodos PA e FNP promoveram efeitos negativos (p<0.05) na performance na H, PP e PR no CMJ e SJ. Além disso, escores significativamente superiores de PSE foram relatados após as sessões de alongamento PA e FNP em comparação a AT e BA. Foram encontrados aumentos significativos em ADM após todos os métodos de alongamento. Portanto, os métodos AT e BA podem ser utilizados previamente a atividades de salto vertical e sprint, com o objetido de aumento de flexibilidade. Já os métodos PA e FNP devem ser evitados, em função das maiores intensidades alcançadas nestas condições e pela extensa possibilidade de efeitos negativos posteriores na performance do salto vertical. Para o estudo 2, os jogadores de futebol foram submetidos as mesmas condições experimentais (CO, AT, BA, PA e FNP). Porem, foram avaliados a força máxima por meio do teste de uma repetição máxima (1 RM) para o exercício agachamento completo, e parâmetros neuromusculares através da técnica do twitch interpolation. Foram monitorados as variáveis força pico, taxa de desenvolvimento de força, amplitude da twitch superimposed e twitch potentiated, e percentual de ativação voluntária referentes ao sinal de força, e a root mean square, M-Wave e razão RMS/M-Wave referentes ao sinal eletromigráfico (EMG) (músculos: vasto lateral e reto femoral), durante contrações voluntária isométrica máxima (CVM) de extensão de joelho. Não foram encontradas alterações significativas na performance do teste de 1 RM e CVM após as condições CO, AT, BA, PA e FNP. Além disso, também não foram encontradas alterações significativas nas variáveis relativas ao sinal EMG. Dessa forma, sessões de alongamento semelhantes a do estudo [3 séries x 30 s de alongamento à 100% do point of discomfort (POD)], independente do método de alongamento, parecem não promover efeitos negativos posteriores na performance da força máxima e em parâmetros neuromusculares em atletas treinados. / The aim of this dissertation was to compare the acute effects of different stretching methods on motor tests performance and neuromuscular parameters. For this, two studies were conducted. Participated in the study 1, twelve trained soccer players, being submitted to 5 experimental conditions: active stretching (AC), ballistic (BA), passive (PA), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) or control condition (CO), in random order and with a minimum interval of 48 h between each condition. It was evaluated the jump height (H), peak power (PP) and relative power (PR) in squat jump (SJ) and countermovent jump (CMJ), range of motion (ROM), 10-20-30 m sprint time and rating of perception exertion (RPE). The AC and BA stretching methods did not promote acute changes in performance at 10-20-30 m sprint time, and in H, PP and PR in both CMJ and SJ techniques. On the other hand, PA and PNF methods promoted negative effects (p <0.05) on H, PP and PR performance in CMJ and SJ. In addition, significantly higher RPE scores were reported after the PA and PNF stretching sessions compared to AC and BA. Significant increases were found in ROM after all stretching methods. Therefore, AC and BA methods can be used prior to vertical jump and sprint activities, with the aim of increasing flexibility. On the other hand, the PA and PNF methods should be avoided, due to the higher intensities reached in these methods and the extensive possibility of subsequent negative effects on vertical jump performance. For study 2, soccer players underwent the same experimental conditions (CO, AC, BA, PA and PNF). However, maximum strength was assessed by a maximal repetition test (1 RM) for the full squat exercise, and neuromuscular parameters using the twitch interpolation technique. The variables peak force, rate of force development, amplitude of superimposed twitch and potentiated twitch, and percentage of voluntary activation referring to the force signal, and root mean square, M-Wave and RMS/M-Wave ratio referring to the Electromyographic (EMG) signal (muscles: vastus lateralis and rectus femoris), during maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVC) of knee extension. No significant changes were found in the 1 RM and CVM performance after CO, AC, BA, PA and PNF conditions. In addition, no significant changes were found in the variables related to the EMG signal. Thus, stretching sessions similar to the study [3 series x 30 s of 100% point of discomfort (POD) stretching], independent of the stretching method, do not seem to promote posterior negative effects on maximum strength performance and on neuromuscular parameters in trained athletes.

The purpose of this study is to present quantitative findings of the Bender-Gestalt Visual Motor Test which will indicate the effectiveness of this media as an instrument of differential diagnosis when applied to General Paresis and Mixed Schizophrenia.

Development and research activities about electric motors require realistic feedback about the motor performance and efficiency. This feedback can be supplied by the help of the motor test systems without waiting for the end-user. Throughout this study, a computer based motor test system with four quadrant loading capability is developed. The system is capable of entering user-defined test conditions, performing tests, acquisition of test data and displaying test results. The system has a visual user interface that can handle all tasks from a single computer.

Although upper limb motor impairments are common, the primary tools for assessing and tracking these impairments in a clinical setting are subjective, qualitative rating scales that lack resolution and repeatability. Markerless motion capture technology has the potential to greatly improve clinical assessment by providing quick, low-cost, and accurate tools to objectively quantify motor deficits. Here we lay some of the groundwork necessary to enable markerless motion capture systems to be used in clinical settings. First, we adapted five motor tests common in clinical assessments so they can be administered via markerless motion capture. We implemented these modified tests using a particular motion capture sensor (Leap MotionTM Controller, hereafter referred to as the Leap Motion sensor) and administered the tests to 100 healthy subjects to evaluate the feasibility of administrating these tests via markerless motion capture. Second, to determine the ability of the Leap Motion sensor to accurately measure tremor, we characterized the frequency response of the Leap Motion sensor. During the administration of the five modified motor tests on 100 healthy subjects, the subjects had little trouble interfacing with the Leap Motion sensor and graphical user interface, performing the tasks with ease. The Leap Motion sensor maintained an average sampling rate above 106 Hz across all subjects during each of the five tests. The rate of adverse events caused by the Leap Motion sensor (mainly jumps in time or space) was generally below 1%. In characterizing the frequency response of the Leap Motion sensor, we found its bandwidth to vary between 1.7 and 5.5 Hz for actual tremor amplitudes above 1.5 mm, with larger bandwidth for larger amplitudes. To improve the accuracy of tremor measurements, we provide the magnitude ratios that can be used to estimate the actual amplitude of the oscillations from the measurements by the Leap Motion sensor. These results suggest that markerless motion capture systems are on the verge of becoming suitable for routine clinical use, but more work is necessary to further improve the motor tests before they can be administered via markerless motion capture with sufficient robustness for clinical settings.

Title: The Level of Physical Activity and Physical Fitness at Elementary School-Age Children Author: Bc. Filip Soucha Thesis supervizor: Mgr. Jakub Kokštejn, Ph.D. Objectives: To determine and compare the level of physical activity, physical fitness and the amount of subcutaneous fat at younger school children. Furthermore, the next goal is to find out the correlation between them. Methods: The research group consists of 3rd, 4th and 5th grade pupils (n=77). The Unifittest (6-60) was applied to deduce the level of physical fitness, the TGMD- 2 test was employed to find out the level of physical activity. In addition, somatic measurements, which are integral to the Unifittest (6-60), were utilized to discover the amount of subcutaneous fat. Results: 32% of children showed average results in the complex physical fitness due to test standard. The same percentage of children (34%) was above and below the average standard as well. 79% of children presented imbalanced performances in particular tests. The best results were seen in sit-up test on the contrary, the worst results were given in endurance shuttle run. The level of subcutaneous fat was above-average at 50% of children,. The results of physical activity level uncovered the below-average performances at the research group -70% of the children....

The aim of this graduation thesis is to find out the level of fine and gross motoric skills amongst children of younger school age in a selected elementary school. In total, we tested 44 children (21 boys and 23 girls) from the 1st to 4th grade from the age of 7 to 10 in January 2018. The level of their motoric skills was measured by a standardized Movement Assessment Battery for Children Second Edition, which includes 8 motor tests suitable for both genders. We compared boys and girls with each other in components and test tasks. The total test results have shown that 100% of children have no motor problems (1st range). In spite of that, there were individuals who fell into the 2nd range (risk of motor problems) in components of manual skills, aiming & catching or 3rd band (major motor problems). Research has convinced us that the fine and gross motor skills of most tested children are at a very good standard.

The goal of the thesis is to determine the level of motoric abilities of the children in primary school age (years of birth 2006 and 2007) who do the selected sports games such handball, football, volleyball and basketball. I tested the level of motoric abilities using the test battery Unifittest (6 - 60) what is suitable tool for testing. The testing was carried out in six sports clubs in the Central Bohemian Region and the Vysočina Region. I compared the level of motoric abilities of the children in primary school age doing the sports with standard population and subsequently made a comparison between selected sports. The other task was also to determine whether the structure of sport performance of selected sports will influence the level of motoric abilities of the children in primary school age. The research-oriented part proves that there is no significant difference in average results. The testing showed that handball and basketball players have the highest levels of motoric abilities. The research also showed that the sportsmen in primary school age have the worst results in the tests focused on physical condition of players. KEYWORDS younger school-age children, motoric abilities, handball, fotball, voleyball, basketball, Unifittest (6-60)