The diploma thesis is focused on the use of the ISSR and SSR methods, with the intention of genetic differentiation of 7 varieties of carrot (Daucus carota L., subsp. sativus (HOFFM.) SCHUBL & MART.). The literary part of the thesis is focused on the basic characteristics and history of carrots. The following part of the thesis is focused on the description of molecular methods based on PCR, which are RAPD, AFLP, ISSR, and SSR, and also the description of the PCR method itself. The purpose was to find suitable ISSR primers and SSR markers that could distinguish individual carrot varieties. Based on analyses and their results, dendrograms of the genetic affinity of observed varieties were created.