High-temperature abrasion is an expensive issue in industrial fields such as glass and cement production or mining and processing industry. Yet its effects on steel are not well documented. This study investigates and analyses the behaviour of six different steel grades placed in hot abrasive conditions similar conditions encountered in the industry to enables better material selection.  Abrasion tests in a slurry pot were done at room temperature and at 500 °C. Impact and tensile tests were also performed at different temperatures. To complete the mechanical properties evaluation, hardness measurements were executed before and after tempering at 500  °C. Wear rates assessed at room temperature or at 500 °C, are independent of the mechanical properties of the material. At high temperature, it was shown that wear rates and performance of the steels were influenced by tempering and leading to a unique microstructures for all steel grades investigated and equalize their performances. To conclude, high temperature wear of the investigated grades does not depend on their mechanical properties, however, it can be influenced by their tempering resistance. As the temperature increase, steel tempers, its mechanical properties decrease and homogenise with other steel grades' performances, but some grades keep their properties longer at high temperature.

Des nanoparticules de ferrite de nickel ont été produites par une technique de plasma induc-tif à jet de solution. En contrôlant le ratio Ni/(Ni+Fe) dans la solution de précurseurs, une grande gamme de nanoparticules monophasées de ferrite de nickel NixFe3-xO4-δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) peuvent être produites, ainsi que des nanoparticules multiphasées de NiFe2O4 + (Ni,Fe)O. Des nanoparticules avec deux types de morphologie peuvent être obtenues dépendant de l’endroit où elles sont recueillies dans le réacteur : des octaèdres tronqués facettés, ayant une taille moyenne de 30 nm, ou un petit agglomérat de forme aléatoire, ayant une taille caractéristique de ~3-5 nm. Pour les nanoparticules multiphasées, il est démontré que la phase (Ni,Fe)O se dépose de façon sélective sur les facettes {110} et {111} de la ferrite de nickel, tout en laissant les facettes {100} exposées. En utilisant la même procédure, il est également possible de produire des nanocubes de NiO. Ces résultats démontrent la flexibilité des réacteurs à plasma inductif pour la production de nanoparticules mono ou multiphasées organisées avec un grand rendement. Des analyses de DRX in situ sur ces nanoparticules montrent que la réduction avec H2 enlève l'excès d'oxygène de la maille spinelle, si présent initialement, suivi d'une réduction vers les alliages métalliques (Ni,Fe). Leur réoxydation subséquente avec CO2 mène à un renversement partiel du processus de réduction par H2. Les expériences in situ ont été analysées avec un modèle cristallin qui lie le paramètre de maille d'un spinelle à sa déviation de sa stœchiométrie en oxygène (δ). / Abstract : Nickel ferrite spinel nanoparticles were produced by the solution spray induction plasma technique. By controlling the Ni/(Ni+Fe) ratio in the precursor solution, a wide range of single-phased nickel ferrite NixFe3-xO4-δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) nanoparticles can be produced, along with multiphased NiFe2O4 + (Ni,Fe)O nanoparticles. Nanoparticles with two types of morphologies can be obtained depending on where they are collected in the reactor: facetted truncated octa-hedrons, with an average size of about 30 nm, or a small-sized random agglomerate, with a characteristic length of ~3-5 nm. For the multiphased nanoparticles, it is demonstrated that the (Ni,Fe)O phase selectively deposits on the {110} and {111} facets of nickel ferrite, while leaving its {100} facet exposed. Using the same procedure, it is also possible to produce nanocubes of NiO. These results show the flexibility of the induction plasma method for the production of organized single or multiphased nanoparticles with a high throughput. In situ XRD catalytic experiments on those nanoparticles show that reduction with H2 will cause the removal of excess oxygen from the spinel lattice, if present initially, followed by a reduction to metallic (Ni,Fe) alloys. Their subsequent reoxidation with CO2 leads to a partial reversal of the H2 reduction process. In situ experiments were enhanced by the development of a crystal-lographic model that links the lattice parameter of a spinel to its deviation from oxygen stoechiometry (δ).