The current study explores the rates of valid and invalid MMPI-2 protocols across testing conditions, as well as the test taker's preference for each format and the amount of time spent responding to the items. Participants were 203 undergraduate students (90 men and 113 women) from a Midwestern university. Participants completed either a CC or P&P version of the MMPI-2 along with a supplemental survey to assess for participants' testing format preference. Overall, results suggest that while testing format did not affect the number of valid MMPI-2 protocols produced, the CC version was rated more favorably by participants and took significantly less time to complete. / Department of Psychological Science

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were significant differences between Black and white students on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory in an integrated university, and to determine if these differences are consistent with findings in past research. In this study, socio-economic status, which has been suspected as the cause for racial variability, was statistically controlled.

The study is an attempt to measure psychopathic tendencies in the girl who becomes pregnant out of wedlock compared with the average non-pregnant college co-ed. This characteristic, when evidenced in a subject's personality, may be reflected in a High T score on the Pd scale of the 1MPI.

The MMPI is used as a diagnostic tool in clinical settings. However, its length is a detriment. Various attempts have been made to develop shortened versions of the standard MMPI. One of the widely used short forms is Kincannon's Mini-Mult, but its validity scales are less accurate than the full MMPI. Dean's Midi-Mult is a more recent short form of the MMPI designed to approximate more closely the scores on the validity scales and clinical scales of the standard MMPI.

The purpose of this study was to determine if certain mean T scores on the MMPI would vary significantly for careerists in National Guard Units when compared to typical non-clinical scores. It was also an attempt to observe differences between certain MMPI scales to determine whether further study of these scales as gross predictors of candidates more likely to succeed in a military environment appears appropriate.Eleven scales of the MMPI were selected for this purpose and this study attempted to evaluate the scales which might be used. Among the scales studied were: L (Lie); 3 (Conversion Hysteria); 4 (Psychopathic Deviate); 5 (Masculinity-Femininity); Es (Ego Strength); Re (Social Responsibility); A (Conscious Anxiety); and Dy (Dependency). Three directional hypotheses were developed: (1) careerists, in general, will score lower on the 3, 4, 5 (males only), 8, A and Dy scales while they will score higher on the L, 5 (females only) 9, Es Re and Cn than will a typical non-clinical population. (2) Certain personality characteristics, measured by the MMPI, have a significant correlation to the proclivity of an individual to enter and continue in part- or full-time military service. (3) The identified scales can then be considered for further study to determine the feasibility of their use in a screening program to predict success or failure of enlistees as reported by their intention to remain in service upon completion of their initial enlistment obligation.Participants were volunteers from Indiana National Guard Units in both rural and urban areas. Each participant was provided a copy of the self-administered MMPI and requested to complete it in accordance with the written instructions. In addition, they were provided an informed consent form containing a written explanation of the purpose for their participation and delineating the scope of the study.To analyze the data an analysis of variance was used which demonstrated significant differences between male and female careerists and their "civilian" counterparts on seven of the 11 scales, supporting the first hypothesis. After completing correlation matrices for the eleven scales and an analysis of variance, using age as the covariate for the respondents, the data were reviewed. This revealed that, for the limited female population seven of the 11 scales supported the third hypothesis but only three scales were found significant for males suggesting the need for further study to clarify this disparity.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-111).

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The purposes of this study were to analyze and synthesize the research findings on the MMPI performance of blacks and to determine the relationship between demographic variables and the MMPI performance of black college students. A comprehensive review of the literature revealed that blacks and whites differ in MMPI performance, with blacks generally scoring higher than whites, especially on scales F, 8 and 9. Hypotheses about the reasons for these differences included greater psychopathology among blacks and racial differences in socioeconomic factors.The research findings did not support the first hypothesis. No association was found between black-white MMPI differences and greater psychopathology among black subjects. Factor studies of the items to which blacks and whites respond differently indicated that black-white NMPI differences reflect racial differences in values, perceptions and expectations, rather than racial differences in psychological adjustment. It was found that some MMPI scales do and others do not discriminate among levels and types of abnormality among blacks. However, it was found that the white-based MMPI norms are invalid for the assessment of blacks and black-based MMPI norms have not been developed. These findings suggest that the MMPI scales do not contain the most effective item combinations for efficient discrimination among blacks. The use of white MNPI norms to interpret the MMPI profiles of blacks was shown to have negative consequences for black individuals, the psychological professions, the scientific community, and the American society. Of several proposed solutions to this problem, the most effective seemed to be the use of the present MMPI item pool to construct and validate MMPI scales for the black population.The findings of some studies of deviant groups suggested that black-white MMPI differences and the MMPI scores of blacks may be associated with education and other socioeconomic factors. To test this hypothesis in a group of normal subjects, the MMPI and a demographic questionnaire were administered to 205 black females (n=126) and males (n=79) attending two predominantly black southern colleges. Canonical correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to determine the relationships between 25 NMPI scale scores and 15 demographic variables. The highest levels of significance obtained were reported, and probabilities greater than .05 were considered nonsignificant. The following results were obtained: (a) The variance in MMPI scale scores was due primarily to sex and secondarily to geographic region of the students' present residence. (b) Sex accounted for 55 percent of the variance of scale 5 scores; and also influenced scores on scales 3, Es, 1 and Dy, accounting for 2 to 5 percent of the variance. (c) Females scored higher on scales 5, 3, 1 and Dy, and lower on Es than did males. (d) Geographic region accounted for 12 percent of the variance of scores on Es; and also influenced scores on scales 7, Dy, A, Pr, Ca, K, 2, 8, Re, 1 and 0, accounting for 3 to 6 percent of the variance. (e) Southern residents ncorol lower on scales K, Es and Re, and higher on scales 7, Dy, A, Pr, Ca, 2, 8, 1 and 0 than did nonsouthern residents. (f) Family size accounted for 4 to 5 percent of the variance of scores on scales 8, 7, A and St; education accountedfor 6 percent of the variance of scores on scale 3; and childhood residence accounted for 6 percent of the variance of scores on scale Ca. (g) Relationships between MMPI scores and age, income, urban-rural present residence, marital status, church membership, and church attendance accounted for less than 3 percent of scale score variance. (h) No relationship was found between MMPI scores and number of children, number of siblings, and preference for the dominant black religious denomination (Baptist).

Coynes interpersonal model of depression has attracted considerable empirical attention, although many of the studies are based on experimentally contrived relationships, and fail to control for the presence of psychopathology other than depression. The present study used the MMPI to select and classify 80 college students who were depressed, non-depressed but disturbed, or normal. All students selected reported that they had been living on campus with a randomly assigned roommate for at least 10 weeks. The prevalence of depressive symptoms, perceptions, and rejection responses in these roommates was assessed shortly after the initial screening. A barely significant elevation in depressive symptomatology in roommates of depressed students was subsequently shown to be attributable to a subgroup of students displaying depression in conjunction with other pathology. Rejection was suggested by a disproportionately high incidence of roommate breakups involving students with this profile. Roommates who remained with these students also differed from roommates in other conditions in their inability to accurately simulate students' earlier responses to the MMPI depression scale. The nature and/or severity of overall psychopathology, rather than depression per se, appears to be central to the interpersonal responses made by significant others.