The Wood River, located in the Old Wives Lake watershed in southern Saskatchewan, is an important water resource for people living in this area. Agriculture dominates land use in the basin, while the river receives waste water effluent from the town of Gravelbourg twice yearly. Both land usage in the basin and the dumping of municipal waste water effluent have the potential to degrade water quality in the river. To date however, the water quality of the Wood River has been relatively unstudied. <p> The purpose of this study was threefold. First, to evaluate the water quality of the Wood River and compare it to similar river systems. Then, to evaluate the effects of nutrients on the pelagic phytoplankton in the river to determine the biological responsiveness to nutrient additions which might occur as a result of agricultural land use and municipal waste water effluent. Lastly to propose mitigative measures that could help to reduce the potential threat of increased nutrients. <p> To determine the effect that agricultural land use and municipal waste water effluent was having on river water quality, nutrient and chlorophyll a (a measure of algal biomass) levels in the river were examined. Five sites, having different land use patterns, were chosen for this purpose. These included a reference site at a regional park not directly affected by agriculture, a site where agricultural land use dominated, a site utilized by cattle, a reservoir within the river system used for drinking water and surrounded by agriculture and finally, a site just downstream from where Gravelbourg's municipal waste is released.<p>Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels were high in the Wood River when compared to similar systems. The mean TP concentration for the Wood River over the two years of this study was 474 Ýg/L (¡Ó 246 STD) while the mean ammonia concentration was 223 Ýg/L (¡Ó 993 STD). These concentrations exceeded water quality guidelines. Algal biomass and nutrient concentrations were higher at sites where nonpoint source pollution from agriculture or point source pollution from sewage effluents was present. Nutrient enrichment bioassays also indicated that the algal population in the Wood River was responsive to additions of nutrients, therefore, increases in nutrients will increase algal biomass in the river. The bioassays also revealed that at the sites where agriculture and municipal waste water were present, the algal population was N limited indicating an excess of P in the river. The municipal point source of pollution had a great effect on algal biomass and these effects lasted for about three weeks after the release. Different land use patterns and municipal waste water effluent were potentially having a negative effect on the water quality of the Wood River. <p>An examination of mitigative strategies available in the Old Wives Lake area revealed that land management tools including the implementation of soil conservation practices and riparian management could be useful in protecting the Wood River from degradation. Neither soil conservation practices nor riparian management are used extensively in the watershed, and both of these practices could help improve the water quality of the Wood River.

The Wood River, located in the Old Wives Lake watershed in southern Saskatchewan, is an important water resource for people living in this area. Agriculture dominates land use in the basin, while the river receives waste water effluent from the town of Gravelbourg twice yearly. Both land usage in the basin and the dumping of municipal waste water effluent have the potential to degrade water quality in the river. To date however, the water quality of the Wood River has been relatively unstudied. <p> The purpose of this study was threefold. First, to evaluate the water quality of the Wood River and compare it to similar river systems. Then, to evaluate the effects of nutrients on the pelagic phytoplankton in the river to determine the biological responsiveness to nutrient additions which might occur as a result of agricultural land use and municipal waste water effluent. Lastly to propose mitigative measures that could help to reduce the potential threat of increased nutrients. <p> To determine the effect that agricultural land use and municipal waste water effluent was having on river water quality, nutrient and chlorophyll a (a measure of algal biomass) levels in the river were examined. Five sites, having different land use patterns, were chosen for this purpose. These included a reference site at a regional park not directly affected by agriculture, a site where agricultural land use dominated, a site utilized by cattle, a reservoir within the river system used for drinking water and surrounded by agriculture and finally, a site just downstream from where Gravelbourg's municipal waste is released.<p>Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels were high in the Wood River when compared to similar systems. The mean TP concentration for the Wood River over the two years of this study was 474 Ýg/L (¡Ó 246 STD) while the mean ammonia concentration was 223 Ýg/L (¡Ó 993 STD). These concentrations exceeded water quality guidelines. Algal biomass and nutrient concentrations were higher at sites where nonpoint source pollution from agriculture or point source pollution from sewage effluents was present. Nutrient enrichment bioassays also indicated that the algal population in the Wood River was responsive to additions of nutrients, therefore, increases in nutrients will increase algal biomass in the river. The bioassays also revealed that at the sites where agriculture and municipal waste water were present, the algal population was N limited indicating an excess of P in the river. The municipal point source of pollution had a great effect on algal biomass and these effects lasted for about three weeks after the release. Different land use patterns and municipal waste water effluent were potentially having a negative effect on the water quality of the Wood River. <p>An examination of mitigative strategies available in the Old Wives Lake area revealed that land management tools including the implementation of soil conservation practices and riparian management could be useful in protecting the Wood River from degradation. Neither soil conservation practices nor riparian management are used extensively in the watershed, and both of these practices could help improve the water quality of the Wood River.

Water quality was one of the biggest problems of environment in beginning of 90. of 20th century in the Czech republic. Since 90. the level of water quality was in czech rivers rapidly better. Mainly in big rivers have accomplished great changes. The small rivers haven't notice that rapid changes. The Czech republic, after entrance to the European Union have committed to comply with Directive 91/271/EEC reduce urban waste water and which should have big influence to water quality also in small rivers. During 90. industry technology, agriculture, cleaning technology of waste water etc. reached big development. Therefore the presumption is higher quality of water in the Czech republic since 90. Goal of the thesis is comparison of results from 1999-2000 with results from 2012- 2014 from Mladoticky brook catchment, which is lined up to small river catchments (79,77km2 ). From this comparison there is obvious trend, if conditions of the water quality are really better or not since 90. [33] Since 2012 to 2014 were taken 12 times samples from 11 profiles of water from Mladotice brook catchment and they were consequential chemically analyzed. The samples were evaluated according to ČSN 757221 and compared with results from 1999-2000. From comparison with data 1999-2000 and 2012-2014 was confirmed the...

The phenomenon of rapid algal blooms in response to nutrient overloads has been adapted to treat synthetic domestic wastewater. Various algal consortia collected from several eutrophied water bodies were subject to high density algal culture (upto 106-107 cells/mL) and screened for rapid algal growth, pollutant removal, nutrient recovery under mixotrophy and auto-flocculation. When tried in laboratory scale algal ponds, these algal consortia showed growth rates between 0.15 and 1.07 d-1. Results indicate that Chlorella occurred frequently among most consortia although not always the largest in number. While individual algal species varied in growth rates among these consortia, the log phase for most of these algae lasted 4-5 d after which the algal species began to flocculate between day 5-8 at different rates. The flocculation stage lasted between Day 6-8 wherein about 65% cells flocculated during monsoon and over 90% in winter. Although over 90% removal of N and 80% removal of P occurred in this period, the net N and P harvested as flocculated algae ranged from ~30-50% and ~40-70%, respectively. A consortia approach, wherein algal cells auto-flocculate after reaching a high cell density and nutrient removal provides an easy, low energy and sustainable approach to simultaneous wastewater treatment as well as energy and nutrient recovery from domestic wastewaters.

This thesis is written due to the poor quality of the stream Sudický potok and the fish kills in nearby ponds supplied by the stream. The goal is evaluating the results of the water samples obtained from the four local spots. Polluted quality in the stream in the Sudice town then proceed to design three various solutions of the sewage collection systems. The first option is designing the municipal wastewater treatment plant and the draining wastewater by single sewerage or sanitary sewerage. The second choice designs the domestic waste water treatment plants. The third solution is designing the sanitary sewerage and effluent sewerage to the nearby waste water treatment plant in Šebetov town. All variants are economically evaluated. In conclusion the first solution, municipal waste water treatment plant with the single sewerage, is recommended.