The topic of this thesis is the discursive construction of an image of women in the Czech nation during the 70th-90th of the 19th century. In this period the process of nation-formation s culminated. There were also extensions of national ideology across all social strata of the Czech population in this time. The subject of research is defined to the sphere of liberal discourse. The subjects of analysis are articles in contemporary national-liberal press, namely newspaper Národní listy. As the analysis method for this survey was chosen the critical discourse analysis. Main questions, this thesis answers, is the way how is the image of women as a member of the Czech nation constructed, the subsequent development of this image and the construction of the differences between the Czech and German women.

The thesis aims to explore the relationship between national identity and the myth. Key to the analysis are the questions of the manner in which a collective identity becomes dependant on literary narrations as well as the particular motives that constitute these narrations. The analysis of the relationship is carried out in reference to particular literary texts. The discussion is based on the critical approach of literary theory and the analyses of relevant socio-political aspects. The discussion is based on a comparative approach to the chosen literary texts. The comparative method focuses on the socio-political and historical contexts of the literary works, as well as on the different concepts of communal identity portrayed. Key texts to the debate are the collection of poems of James Macpherson, Poems of Ossian, Sir Walter Scott's historical novel, Waverley, and the Czech Manuscripts of Dvůr Králové and Zelená Hora. This thesis commences the discussion with a theoretical approach to the relationship between myth and history. The discussion aims at the manner in which both the mentioned elements constitute collective identity. The thesis emphasises those aspects which give rose to manipulative statements and conceptions that shape the discourse. To the fore thus comes the question of...

The thesis focuses on construction of specific "national" narration of history of Charles University in so called "short" twentieth century (1918-1998). It works with presumption that popular representations of history of Charles University are heavily influenced by Czech national narration of nations' history which roots can be traced as far as to the first half of the nineteenth century. Attention is paid to examination of various representations of the past - written, verbal, visual as well as to changes that the representations of the past underwent during the twentieth century in which several radically different political regimes ruled the Czech lands. While examining various simplifications and stereotypes in narration of the university history as well as personal development of individual historians and their influence on the image of university past, the work tries to show unifying aspects of the narratives of history of Charles University in the period in question.

Until the 1990s, the territory of the current Czech Republic has been predominantly seen as a place of emigration. Despite (or maybe because of) such a long history of emigration, the approach towards people who, for different reasons, left the country seems to be rather ambivalent up to the present day. The notion of emigration as a betrayal is appearing frequently, both in the existing academic literature as well as in the production of popular publications, movies or series and in a public discourse. This thesis is questioning the real perception of emigrants in the eyes of family members, who stayed in communist Czechoslovakia in between 1948 and 1989, defines the possible reasons behind the respective perception and examines the impact of emigration on the Czechoslovak, respectively Czech society. The majority of authors identifies the communist propaganda as the cause of the negative attitudes of Czechoslovak society towards emigrants. By analysing the approach towards emigrants and re-emigrants and situation after the Velvet Revolution in 1989 and by combining the opinions of two generations, the author of this thesis argues that the communist propaganda related to emigration had a considerable impact in the short-term perspective, but in the long-term perspective there are another strong factors contributing to the construction of the feeling of betrayal in relation to emigration.

Práce sleduje dva základní cíle. Prvním cílem je pojmenovat a analyzovat teoretická východiska, za která jsou považována osvětlení a vymezení pojmů národní identita, nacionalismus a národní zájmy. Záměrem této časti práce je poskytnout základní teoretický rámec pro užívání těchto pojmů. Druhým cílem je analýza pravicové politiky (u etablovaných pravicových a krajně pravicových politických stran) s důrazem na vymezené pojmy, jejich používání jako aktivizačních témat a zmapování nacionálních tendencí mezi parlamentními volbami v letech 2002-2006.

Politics, Identity and Nation Abstract National identity is a current and frequently discussed topic. Nevertheless, there seems to be no consensus on its definition in the academic community. However, national identity remains a major part of the citizen's life and is essential for the functioning of a democratic rule of law. Therefore, I chose the aim of my work, to look at the topic of national identity from a normative point of view and ask the question: "Is it possible to actively redefine a national identity?" This redefining into more integrative identity could be an answer to many of today's challenges, such as the increasing number of migrants, polarization by identity politics or the growing separatist and nationalist groups within states. Because I chose a broad topic, I decided to describe it and map it from the perspective of different approaches. The first part deals with the concept of identity, where I use Tajfel's Theory of Social Identity in the field of social psychology. In the second part, I deal with the history of national identity and related concepts such as nation and citizenship, which I explain on theories of the field of political science and political philosophy. The theoretical understanding should then serve to orient and lay the foundations for understanding national...

7 The abstract I consider the works of Peter Sloterdijk in my thesis. I concentrate to Sloterdijk's way of understanding of the topic cynicism in the relationship to kynicism. At first I try to describe the topic cynicism which I consider as very important to understand Sloterdijk's way of understanding of the European history in the book Falls Europa erwacht. I try to explain, how the cynicism influences various parts of life, I consider particularly the military cynicism and the cynicism of power. I consider the political and philosophical vision of Europe in the second part of the thesis because the history of Europe and its state nowadays was influenced by the cynicism very strongly. I try to explain Sloterdijk's imagination of the way out from this situation.

This Final Thesis is concerning the question of Kurdish minority which is currently dwelling in the Turkish state. I tried to make a clear picture about historical development of both nations, Turkish and Kurdish. The main hypothesis should reveal whether prevail the effort of Kurdish people to reconstruct own state -- new Kurdistan or whether are they attempting to obtain autonomy of Turkish government on the present. One part of this Thesis covers the interrelations in between those two groups of nations.

As a pre-requisite for the Roman law to come into existence, a community of people had first to emerge; a community identifying itself vis-à-vis its surroundings. Legal norms that came into being in such community, rather simple legal norms at the time of their hypothetical origin, were gradually developed in line with the development of such community throughout the times. The outcome is an elaborated system of Roman law that communicates with us even today. The presented paper endeavours to shed some light at some profound aspects of the formation of the Roman nation on its road to the definition of the Roman citizenship. In the case of the Romans we cannot use simple definition features, such as the language (as the Latin language was shared by other peoples of the ancient Italy) or the religion (as the ancient polytheism intertwined various cultures of the given times) or a territory. The paper offers views into the combinations of the Roman culture with those other ancient cultures that shared numerous aspects with it and that had a formatting effect on it. It also addresses the role of the religion in the formatting process of the original Roman society. The result is an attempt for a definition of the Roman nation, i.e. the personal area serving the creation and development of the Roman law...

Since the end of World War II, intellectuals not only in the West but also in Japan itself have been looking for the answer to the question which conditions and ideological mechanisms convinced regular Japanese to support the militaristic government and to be willing to give their lives in service of their country. This apex of ultranationalism in the 1930s and 1940s is interesting also because less than a hundred years before the conclusion of the tragedy of the Pacific war, it is impossible to speak of a feeling of national affilliation among the people of Japan, much less so of nationalism. Therefore this diploma thesis will be commenced by a description of the historical origin and development of national consciousness from the late Tokugawa period and the gradual formation of various types of nationalism in the Meiji period, which originated from this consciousness. As part of this topic I will introduce the main elements of the so-called family state ideology, which was the central idea within Japanese nationalism and which tried to connect the hearts of all citizens with the interests of the state by means of the traditional confucian model of family relations. The main purpose of this thesis is the analysis of the process by which this ideology was spread and intensified in the field of...