Microwave near-field probes (MNPs) confine evanescent fields to regions that are substantially smaller than the wavelength at the operation frequency. Such probes are able to resolve subwavelength features, thus providing resolution much higher than the classical Abb?? limit. These abilities of MNPs are primarily due to the evanescent nature of the field generated at the tip of the probes. In the past, MNPs with ultra-high resolution were designed by tapering a resonant opening to provide high field concentration and high sensitivity. The limitations of these MNPs were subject to low surface roughness and practical realization challenges due to their geometrical features and vibration control constraints. Metamaterials with their ability to enhance evanescent fields, lead to the speculation that they could potentially increase the sensitivity of near-field probe. Periodically arranged metamaterial unit elements such as split-ring-resonators (SRRs) can create negative permeability media. Placing such material layer in the proximity of a probe leads to enhancement of the evanescent waves. Guided by this remarkable feature of metamaterials, I proposed an MNP consisting of a wire loop concentric with a single SRR. The evanescent field behavior of the probe is analyzed using Fourier analysis revealing substantial enhancement of the evanescent field consistent with metamaterial theory predictions. The resolution of the probe is studied to especially determine its ability for sub-surface detection of media buried in biological tissues. The underlying physics governing the probe is analyzed. Variations of the probe are developed by placement of lumped impedance loads. To further increase the field confinement to smaller region, a miniaturized probe design is proposed. This new probe consists of two printed loops whose resonance is tunable by a capacitor loaded in the inner loop. The sensing region is decreased from ??/20 to ??/55, where ?? is the wavelength of the probe???s unloaded frequency. The magnetic-sensitive nature of the new probe makes it suitable for sensing localized magnetostatic surface resonance (LMSR) occurring in electrically very small particles. Therefore, I proposed a sensing methodology for detecting localized magnetostatic surface (LMS) resonant particles. In this methodology, an LMS resonant sphere is placed concentrically with the loops. A circuit model is developed to predict the performance of the probe in the presence of a magnetic sphere having Lorentz dispersion. Full-wave simulations are carried out to verify the circuit model predictions, and preliminary experimental results are demonstrated. The Lorentzian fit in this work implies that the physical nature of LMSR may originate from spin movement of charged particle whose contribution to effective permeability may be analogous to that of bound electron movement to effective permittivity in electrostatic resonance. Detection of LMSR can have strong impact on marker-based sensing applications in biomedicine and bioengineering.

Cette thèse est une contribution à l’étude d’un système de biotélémesure par gélule ingérable. L’étude concerne les problèmes de télétransmission d’énergie et d’informations entre la gélule ingérable et le système extracorporel de télécommande.Nous exposons des méthodes de conception théoriques et de caractérisation expérimentales du système de télécommande sans fil de la mise sous tension des gélules. Une deuxième partie concerne la conception du système de télétransmission d’énergie et d’informations par induction magnétique, suivi de la réalisation d’un système d’accord automatique par capacité commutée synchrone. La caractérisation d’antennes miniatures a fait l’objet d’une troisième partie dans laquelle nous avons proposé des solutions basées sur des techniques de mesure des paramètres Sij en différentiel.Enfin, nous présentons la conception d’une sonde de champ magnétique destinée à valider les résultats de simulation. / This thesis is a contribution to study of intracorporeal measure of ingestible capsule. It concerns more specifically the problems of wireless transmission of energy and information between the capsule and ingestible extracorporeal control and monitoring system. Thus we first set of design methods and theoretical characterization of the experimental system of wireless remote power up capsules. A second part was dedicated to wireless transmission of energy and information design through magnetic induction, it led to the creation of an original system of tuning by synchronous switched capacitor. The problem of miniature antennas characterization has been a third party in which we have proposed innovative solutions based on techniques for measuring parameters Sij in differential (or transmission). Finally, we presented in the last part the design and characterization of a magnetic field probe designed to validate the simulation results.

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Master’s thesis is focused on making the acquaintance of EMC issues and ways of electromagnetic field scanner RS321 utilization for pre-compliance measurements. First part contains analysis of available equipment’s influence on measurement results on the basis of gathered specification. Next part includes an example measurement used as operational manual for scanner and its controlling program. The most important part is correction evaluation for performed EMI measurement of signal generator using its EMC certification protocol and application of gained correction curve on independent EMI measurement of device tested by EMC testing laboratory. Other possibilities of scanner utilization are mentioned in the next chapters. Last part of the thesis contains suitability evaluation of EMC scanner on the basis of findings from performed measurements.