台灣英語教育多以考試取向為主，許多教師進行英語字彙指導時採用填鴨式教學，致使學生無法於新的情境靈活使用字彙。 本研究旨在於探究以語料庫為本之教學對於台灣大學生在英語近似詞學習成效的影響，以台北市某一所大學86位英語學習背景及能力相似之大一生為研究對象。研究人數均分成兩班進行教學實驗，一班為實驗組，以資料觀察法進行教學，另一班為對照組，以傳統形式教學為主，每週一次五十分鐘，共進行十週。資料蒐集包含近似詞學習成就測驗前、後測，並且依據研究對象於實驗教學結束後接受語料觀察教學法回饋問卷，蒐集研究對象對於語料觀察法之反應與感知，進行量化分析。最後，透過訪談高分組和低分組學生，蒐集其質性資料進行研究探討哪些因素會影響不同英語能力學生對於資料觀察法的意願與需求。本研究發現如下: 一、近似詞教學有助於提升台灣大學生的英語字彙能力。兩組教學均在後測有 進步。但就後測成績來說，實驗組顯著優於控制組。資料觀察法之近似詞教學 均較傳統教學法更能有效提升學生的英語字彙能力。 二、在不同程度的學生學習成效上，高、低分組學生均在後測成績有進步。對於 高分組而言，實驗組後測成績顯著優於控制組後測。但對於控制組而言，實驗 組的與控制組的後測成績未呈顯著差異。 三、大部分的學生對於運用資料觀察法學習單字均給予正面回饋，也肯定資料觀 察學習法活動的效益。另外，根據高、低分組學生訪談結果發現，英語程度的 高低的確會影響學生對於資料觀察法的喜愛和需求。高分組的學生希望先以資 料觀察學習法為開端，再以傳統講解式方式做總結。但對低分組的學生而言， 喜歡參與小組討論。由於單字量的不足，低分組學生希望在語料庫為主的教材 旁能附上中文解釋，降低學習焦慮。 根據上述研究結果，本研究建議大學英語教師在教學現場能夠融入語料觀察學 習法並依照不同程度的學生進行教材設計，以助提升學生學習英語單字。 關鍵字:資料觀察學習法、近似詞、語料庫為本 / Corpus Linguistics has progressively become the center in different domains of language research. With such development of large corpora, the potential applications and possibilities of corpora in second language teaching and learning are extended. A discovery-based authentic learning environment is provided as well as created by such corpus-based language learning. Synonym or near-synonym learning is a difficult aspect of vocabulary learning, but a linguistic phenomenon with ubiquity. Hence, this research aims to investigate the effectiveness of the application of data-driven learning (DDL) approach in near-synonyms instruction and compare the teaching effect on the high and low achievers through the near-synonyms instruction. Participants of this study were given instruction throughout the eight-week corpus-based teaching with materials compiled by the teacher. This is a quasi-experimental study consisting of comparison between two experimental conditions, with a pre-post test and control-experimental group design, followed by qualitative method of semi-structure interviews and questionnaire provided to the experimental group of EFL university students in Taiwan. Two intact classes of 86 college students participated in this study. The quantitative analysis of the pre- and posttest scores and questionnaire were conducted through descriptive statistics and frequency analysis in order to explain the learning effects and learners’ perceptions. The results of the study revealed that: (1) participants in the experimental group made significant improvement in the posttest; (2) EFL high proficiency learners with DDL approach performed better than high achievers who were taught by the traditional method. However, low achievers may not be able to benefit from DDL approach in the form of concordance teaching materials; (3) the majority of the participants had positive feedback on DDL activities. Also, types of preferred DDL activities were strongly influenced by students’ proficiency level. Low achievers preferred activities that should involve Chinese translation as the supplementary note while as for the high achievers, they were looking for the teacher’s explanation of words’ usages and functions in the end. This study demonstrates the importance in illuminating the dynamic relationship between DDL approach and second language near-synonyms learning, as well as provides English EFL teachers with a better concept to incorporate corpus or concordance lines into vocabulary instruction. Key words: data-driven Learning, near-synonym, corpus-based approach

本論文旨在探討近義詞的相關議題，特別是要檢視其背後的概念結構與表層的語法功能。透過「方便」與「便利」的研究，本文就這對近義詞在語意上的差異做深入並有系統地分析，並期以此解釋他們在語法層次上不同的表現。 　　以框架語意學(Frame Semantics)為理論架構，本研究發現近義詞「方便」與「便利」會引導出「方便框架」(CONVENIENCE frame)與「不方便框架」 (INCONVENIENCE frame)，而這兩個語意框架雖有相對應的框架成分(frame element)，實質上卻是引發出不同的概念型態。近一步說明這對近義詞在語意上的差別，「方便」與「便利」對於他們所涉入的複雜事件(complex event)持不同的觀點：「方便」主要是專注在結果次事件(result-subevent)並採受恩者(BENEFICIARY)的觀點；而「便利」則較專注在原因次事件(cause-subevent)並採動作者/施恩者(AGENT/BENEFACTOR)的觀點。此外，由於「方便」與「便利」具備了正面、值得嚮往的特質，這也解釋了何以「方便框架」比「不方便框架」有更高程度的目的性(intentionality)。 　　為檢視近義詞在概念上的差異是否會反映於在他們的語法表現上，本研究闡明了「方便」與「便利」的語法功能及其使用分布的情況、以及參與角色(participant role)的凸顯類型(profiling pattern)。結果顯示「方便」與「便利」主要有五種語法功能，即名詞化、修飾名詞、修飾動詞、不及物動詞謂語、及物動詞謂語，最常使用的語法功能為名詞化與動詞謂語(包含及物與不及物)。此五種語法功能皆會突顯某些參與角色，但主要都是突顯了「目的」(PURPOSE)與「手段」(MEANS)；而其他參與角色也會在不同語法功能的使用中被突顯，並且這些突顯類型皆可由「方便」與「便利」在概念上的差異來做解釋。 　　總結來說，本論文闡釋了近義詞「方便」與「便利」在概念上不同的偏好會導致他們在語法上有不同的表現；此外，「方便」與「便利」在參與角色的凸顯類型上亦不相同，這說明了，「方便」與「便利」是屬於不同的構式(construction)。最後，本論文也再次確認了詞彙背後的語意概念會決定其語法的表現。 / The purpose of this thesis is to approach the issue of near-synonyms via the examination of their respective underlying conceptual structures and surface syntactic functions. Specifically, the present study aims to furnish a fine-grained and systematic analysis of the semantic differences between the near-synonymous pair fangbian and bianli that shall better explain their differential syntactic behaviors. 　　Based on the theoretical framework of Frame Semantics, this study found that the conceptual structures of fangbian and bianli are associated with the frames of CONVENIENCE and INCONVENIENCE. While pertaining to a corresponding set of frame elements, the two frames actually prompt distinct conceptualizations. Precisely, fangbian and bianli differ in their perspectivization of the complex event involved: fangbian focuses on the result-subevent and takes the BENEFICIARY’s perspective whereas bianli on the cause-subevent and takes the AGENT/BENEFACTOR’s perspective. In addition, the fact that convenience is desirable and thus typically intended also explains the stronger intentionality involved in the CONVENIENCE frame than in the INCONVENIENCE frame. 　　To investigate whether conceptual differences between the near-synonyms would be manifested in their syntactic behaviors, this thesis further elucidated the syntactic functions and their distribution of fangbian and bianli as well as the profiling of the participant roles in each syntactic function. In particular, five main syntactic functions of fangbian and bianli were identified: nominalization, nominal modifier, verbal modifier, intransitive verbal predicate and transitive verbal predicate; each serves to profile distinct participant roles, mostly PURPOSE or MEANS. Moreover, the profiling of other participant roles can be accounted for by the perspectival distinction between the near-synonymous pair. Finally, the distribution of syntactic functions of fangbian and bianli demonstrated that the usage of the near-synonyms as verbal predicate and nominalization is the most dominant categories. 　　To conclude, this thesis has shown that the conceptual preferences of fangbian and bianli in terms of their perspectivization lead to their different syntactic behaviors. Moreover, the near-synonymous pair also differs in their profiling of the participant roles; in other words, they display distinct profiling patterns and therefore pertain to different constructions. Finally, it still holds for the present study that the semantics of a word drives its syntactic behaviors.