Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HerickaKAMW.pdf: 324479 bytes, checksum: d246fa36ec4115d7ea723f57ec68e446 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-10 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The present work, based on the methodological principles of the Comprehensive Discourse Analysis, aimed, through the speech of twelve newly arrived students at the Pedagogy course of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, to understand the moment students start university. It also aimed to analyze the relationship between the schools they were coming from and university entrance as well as the relationship between university and their new students. In the first part of the work, which focused on school knowledge, a comprehensive listening of the speeches of the students led primarily to a distinction, established by the students, between public and private schools, a distinction especially based on the view of superiority of private schools against public ones. The abovementioned interpretation is found in the discussion of the structural duality of Brazilian education which, historically, offers different pedagogical appliances among students of more priviledged social classes and those who come from lower levels of society. The overcome of this duality, aspired by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, was stopped by the advent of a new economic model neoliberalism, which reinforced the differences between public and private when it prioritized the market on the economic, political and social relations, including educational projects. Impoverishment of public institutions and pauperization of the work of professors affected also the relationship between teachers and studens at the current institution. This is how the teacher becomes the greatest villain at the public management system. All of these references concerning differences in the quality of teaching at public and private schools, expressed by the students interviewed, however, were centered in the preparation for the entrance exam, called vestibular, thus showing a view that the relationship between the student and the school he came from is of a propedeutic kind and even so, reduced to a preparation for an entrance exam. In the second part of the work, which analyzed the relationship between newly arrived students and their university, it was noticed that the latter represents a whole new world. This world is seen as the change at the student?s social statute for now he is grown, takes more responsibilities and is socially respected. This change of attitude established by society and the discovery of a new world which requires more independence from the students, creates in them feelings of pride and fear and they feel insecure when it comes to making decision in the campus because now their decisions deliver a greater load of responsibility. This is when students understand they need to develop autonomy, which is seen, in this work, as the capacity to make conscious decisions. Nevertheless students expressed an understanding of autonomy as something that comes as a gift for those who enter university and not as a process that is constructed from social experiences. For these students, the need to be autonomous refers to the relationships with their teachers and the search for information. This search, however, is also related, according to interviews, to public school financial cuts, which penalize university, and to the lack of employers / O presente trabalho objetivou, seguindo os pressupostos metodol?gicos da An?lise Compreensiva do Discurso, compreender o momento de entrada na universidade a partir das falas de doze estudantes rec?m-ingressos no curso de Pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Objetivou, ainda, analisar a rela??o entre a escola de origem e a entrada na universidade e a rela??o entre a universidade e o novo aluno universit?rio. Na primeira parte do trabalho, a escuta compreensiva das falas dos alunos conduziu ? distin??o dos alunos entre a escola p?blica e a escola privada, distin??o esta baseada, principalmente, numa vis?o de superioridade da escola privada em rela??o ? escola p?blica. Tal interpreta??o insere-se na discuss?o da dualidade estrutural da educa??o brasileira, que, historicamente, oferece aparatos pedag?gicos diferentes entre os alunos de classes mais privilegiadas e os alunos oriundos de classes populares. A supera??o desta dualidade, aspirada pela Constitui??o Brasileira de 1988, esbarrou no advento de um novo modelo econ?mico o neoliberalismo, que aprofundou as diferen?as entre o p?blico e o privado, atrav?s da prioriza??o do mercado nas rela??es econ?micas, pol?ticas e sociais, incluindo, desta forma, os projetos educacionais. O sucateamento da escola p?blica e a precariza??o do trabalho docente afetaram tamb?m a rela??o entre professores e alunos nesta institui??o. Assim, o professor passa a ser considerado o grande vil?o do sistema p?blico. No entanto, todas estas refer?ncias ?s diferen?as da qualidade de ensino entre a escola p?blica e a escola privada feitas pelos estudantes entrevistados centraram-se no preparo para o vestibular, externando uma vis?o de que a rela??o do estudante com a escola de origem reduz-se a uma rela??o proped?utica e, ainda assim, reduzida ao preparo para o vestibular, e n?o para a entrada na universidade. Na segunda parte do trabalho, observou-se que, para os alunos, a universidade representa um mundo novo. Esse mundo oportuniza a mudan?a no estatuto social do estudante, visto que o aluno passa a ser tratado como adulto, ? mais cobrado e respeitado socialmente.Essa mudan?a de atitude por parte da sociedade e a descoberta de um mundo novo que exige mais independ?ncia dos alunos geram sentimentos de orgulho e medo nesses alunos, que se sentem inseguros nas tomadas de decis?o na universidade, visto que agora suas decis?es acarretam numa maior carga de responsabilidade. Sendo assim, os alunos compreendem que precisam desenvolver autonomia, entendida como uma capacidade de tomar decis?es conscientes. No entanto, os alunos expressaram uma compreens?o de autonomia enquanto dom natural de quem ingressa na universidade, e n?o enquanto processo que se desenvolve a partir de experi?ncias sociais. A necessidade de ser aut?nomo, para esses estudantes, refere-se ao relacionamento com os professores e ? busca de informa??es. Essa ?ltima, entretanto, tamb?m est? relacionada, de acordo com as entrevistas, ?s redu??es de financiamento da educa??o p?blica que penalizam universidade