In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, French brain and mind scientists filled publications with “case studies” – written works of varying lengths on individual patients or human subjects. This dissertation shows the clinical and conceptual labor that brain and mind scientists employed to transform individual cases into epistemologically meaningful case studies. More specifically, it tracks the rise, fall and afterlife of a model of the case study that emerged in the Salpêtrière in the 1870s and ultimately fell out of scientific favor in the 1890s. In this model, neurologists, psychiatrists and psychologists had a common goal of presenting case study subjects as simple representatives of diseases or faculties of mind, but the strategies they used to attain that goal transformed. Clinicians’ literary strategies for presenting cases as simple gave way to an increasing emphasis on the selection of cases perceived to be inherently simple, particularly in the case studies of neurologist J.M. Charcot and his students. Meanwhile, psychologist Alfred Binet created procedures for generating simplicity experimentally that would impact early intelligence tests, challenging the stability of the distinction between case studies and statistical methods in the brain and mind sciences.

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A dissertation presented to the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Durban University of Technology in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, 2009 / Previously it was established that the majority of medical professions such as Orthopaedic surgeons, Neurosurgeons and Neurologists were not comfortable with the Chiropractic Profession. Changes have occurred since this perception was established so it was considered necessary to review the knowledge and perception of these three medical professions in order to ascertain any changes. Objectives The objectives were to establish the demographic factors of Orthopaedic surgeons, Neurosurgeons and Neurologists, whilst also establishing their current views and perceptions of the Chiropractic profession in South Africa in terms of their personal experience of Chiropractic, Chiropractic therapeutic efficacy, the Chiropractic scope of practice and inter-professional relations. Methods This prospective, qualitative questionnaire study required that all 478 Orthopaedic surgeons, 110 Neurosurgeons, and 101 Neurologists who were registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa at the time receive a questionnaire. Thus a total of 689 Questionnaires were sent out for completion. Results The overall views and perceptions of participating Orthopaedic surgeons, Neurosurgeons and Neurologists regarding Chiropractic has made a positive shift in favour of developing and potentially expanding relations between these professions and the Chiropractic profession. This has been shown by the increased confidence these professions have in the Chiropractic profession both in terms of effectiveness of Chiropractic treatment for neuromusculoskeletal and other conditions, as well as the increased rate of referral between these professions and Chiropractors.

A dissertation presented to the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Durban University of Technology in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master's Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, 2009 / Previously it was established that the majority of medical professions such as Orthopaedic surgeons, Neurosurgeons and Neurologists were not comfortable with the Chiropractic Profession. Changes have occurred since this perception was established so it was considered necessary to review the knowledge and perception of these three medical professions in order to ascertain any changes. Objectives The objectives were to establish the demographic factors of Orthopaedic surgeons, Neurosurgeons and Neurologists, whilst also establishing their current views and perceptions of the Chiropractic profession in South Africa in terms of their personal experience of Chiropractic, Chiropractic therapeutic efficacy, the Chiropractic scope of practice and inter-professional relations. Methods This prospective, qualitative questionnaire study required that all 478 Orthopaedic surgeons, 110 Neurosurgeons, and 101 Neurologists who were registered with the Health Professions Council of South Africa at the time receive a questionnaire. Thus a total of 689 Questionnaires were sent out for completion. Results The overall views and perceptions of participating Orthopaedic surgeons, Neurosurgeons and Neurologists regarding Chiropractic has made a positive shift in favour of developing and potentially expanding relations between these professions and the Chiropractic profession. This has been shown by the increased confidence these professions have in the Chiropractic profession both in terms of effectiveness of Chiropractic treatment for neuromusculoskeletal and other conditions, as well as the increased rate of referral between these professions and Chiropractors.