The structure of afferent neurons is pseudounipolar. Studies suggest that they relay action potentials (APs) to both directions of the T-junctions to reach the cell body and the spinal cord. Moreover, the somata are electrically excitable and shown to be able to transmit the signals to associated satellite cells. Our study demonstrates that this transmission can go further and pass onto passive neighbouring somata, if they are in direct contact with same satellite cells. The neurons activate the satellite cells by releasing ATP. This triggers the satellite cells to exocytose acetylcholine to the neighbouring neurons. In addition, the ATP inhibits the nicotinic receptors of the neurons by activating P2Y receptors and initiating the G-protein-mediated pathway, thus reducing the signals that return to the neurons that initiated the signals. This “sandwich synapse” represents a unique pathway by the ectopic release between the somata and the satellite cells.

The structure of afferent neurons is pseudounipolar. Studies suggest that they relay action potentials (APs) to both directions of the T-junctions to reach the cell body and the spinal cord. Moreover, the somata are electrically excitable and shown to be able to transmit the signals to associated satellite cells. Our study demonstrates that this transmission can go further and pass onto passive neighbouring somata, if they are in direct contact with same satellite cells. The neurons activate the satellite cells by releasing ATP. This triggers the satellite cells to exocytose acetylcholine to the neighbouring neurons. In addition, the ATP inhibits the nicotinic receptors of the neurons by activating P2Y receptors and initiating the G-protein-mediated pathway, thus reducing the signals that return to the neurons that initiated the signals. This “sandwich synapse” represents a unique pathway by the ectopic release between the somata and the satellite cells.