The first aim of this work is to describe the issues of nominal syntagma as well as the absence of determinant that is connected to it. The other goal is to examine one type of this absence in a journalistic corpus L´Est Républicain. The analysis in this corpus will evaluate the frequency, the semantics and the syntactic functions of the chosen phenomenon in journalistic context. The work is divided into two parts: the theoretical and the practical one. In the first part, all the terms connected to the nominal syntagma will be defined. The nominal syntagma along with its nature and its parts will be described. At the same time, the cases of the absence of determinant in present-day French will be explained. The second part contains quantitative and qualitative analysis in the corpus L´Est Républicain. Subject of research are juxtaposed and coordinative enumerations in a different extent and in the different syntactic positions.

The thesis discusses the expressions of cause in Spanish and presents an analysis of the linguistics theme based on the Spanish legal texts. The fundamental aims of the thesis are to find the expressions of cause in the Spanish legal texts and to analyse it. The thesis is divided in the theoretical and the practical part. The theoretical part is focused on the linguistics characteristics of the legal texts and on the characteristics of the expressions of cause. The practical part presents an analysis of the expressions of cause based on one thousand of examples found in Spanish legal texts. The summary in Spanish is included.