Thesis (M Med (Pharmacology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2005.

The severe debility and immune dysfunction associated with serious disease may respond well to treatment with the tonic formulas from Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). One of these, Ginseng and Dang Gui Ten Combination has gained prominence as the formula most suitable to assist convalescence after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A literature review of the herbal combination suggests that it synergistically provides a broad range of pharmacological activity with a very low level of toxicity. The herbs may have haemopoietic, antimutagenic, antitumour, immunomodulatory and anticomplement activities and they seem to promote lymphocyte activation, interleukin production, protect various organs against toxicity, inflammation and ulceration, and promote drug delivery and radiation sensitising while protecting healthy tissue. The specific immunomodulatory effects of PS10 combination were investigated in 10 healthy volunteers (7 males and 3 females aged 43 to 58 years). The study was a longitudinal study (28 days), using a repeated measures design to investigate the pre and then post intervention changes in Natural Killer (NK) cell activity as well as total and differentiated lymphocyte counts. Furthermore, liver function tests (LFT) were included to assess any adverse effects on the liver. It was envisaged that NK cells or other white blood cell subset variation could indicate an immunomodulatory effect of the herbal formulation, PS10. Investigative methodologies included NK cell function assessment via the ability of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to lyse the human erythroleukemia cell line K562.(Lozzio and Lozzio, 1975) Target cells are labelled by incubation with radioactive chromium, washed, then added to a dilution series of PBMC's and incubated for 4 hours. Supernatants are harvested and the amount of intracellular chromium- 51 released into the supernatant is measured with a gamma counter. The amount of chromium-51 released is proportional to the lytic activity of the NK cells. The gradient of the line of best fit through the plotted points was recorded as the measure of cytotoxicity or killing.(Brooks and Flannery, 1980) The steeper the gradient, the greater the cytotoxicity. This pilot study demonstrated that the herbal preparation Ginseng and Dang Gui Ten Combination (PS10) increased the total number of lymphocytes cells in healthy human volunteers (n=10) (p&lt0.007). Although the test formulation increased NK cell activity in some participants, the change in mean NK cell cytotoxicity was not significant.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Cornell University, 2000. / Adviser: Eloy Rodriguez. Includes bibliographical references.

Ssireum is a Korean form of grappling. Wrestlers grip sashes that are looped around their opponent's waist and thigh while competing inside a sand circle with the goal of making any part of their opponent's body above the knee touch the ground. In Korea ssireum is understood to be a national sport developed during the country’s modernization in the early 20th century that has origins as a thousands-of-years-old folk game. By the start of 21st century ssireum's popularity had waned and a once prosperous professional league collapsed. The effects of globalization are frequently cited as the cause. However, the sport continues to be played at various levels throughout the public education system in addition to semi-pro and amateur leagues. This dissertation asks the question, "What does it mean collectively to play ssireum?" The answer comes from fifteen months of participant observation and interviews in Korea's collegiate ssireum league. The goal is to establish the first major body of academic information about ssireum and to place it within the larger cultural context of contemporary Korean society. Fieldwork data is interpreted using theories drawn from Roger Abrahams, Fredrik Barth, Pierre Bourdieu, and Eric Hobsbawm. Ssireum's ritualized use of symbols appropriated from the past is a means of maintaining the boundaries of an ethnic identity that allows everyone involved to assume they are "playing the same game." Ssireum is a vehicle for negotiating, performing, and evaluating a unique identity. For those involved, playing ssireum makes Koreanness. Ssireum dramatizes a traditional identity which has incorporated distinctly modern ideologies about the world. The relationships of people within ssireum are inextricably linked to existing protocols for social interactions in Korea; recruitment of talent, training regimens, competition events, future careers, and industry solvency could not be maintained otherwise. Globalization, frequently invoked in the rhetoric about ssireum, fills contradictory roles of boogeyman and savior, and misdirects attention away from counterproductive internal processes damaging the industry.

School Bullying and Related Factors of the Case Study in Kaohsiung City. Advisor: Shu-Ching Yang, Ph.D. Author: Yu-Hsiu Chen Abstract The study use questionnaires and interviewing to survey school billing status and experience of fourth, fifth,and sixth graders in Kaohsiung. So we can understand those victims, bullies and witness who suffered from different types, frequency and degree of perceived harm.Then to explore the correlation between school bulling and the facyors, such as school management, teacher-student relationship, personal behavior, family disciplin and personalities and try to predict.First, based on grades and relationship. a total of 13 students interviewed. Campus Life questionnaire with "traditional bullying," "cyberbullying", "relevant factors" and "deal with attitude" proposition. There were 390 questionnaires given out and 381, effective ones returned. The effective received rate is 97.6%. They were analyzed by describe statistics, Independent-Sample t-test, One Way Anova, Pearson Product -moment Correlation, and multiple regression. The results of the study are listed as follow: 1. Elementary school students¡¦ School bullying is not serious in the case. Experience of bullying tend to serious injuries.Only respondents who suffered bullying experience serious. 2. Victim and the harm are mostly boys. However, interviews have found that gender differences only with the type tool. Higher grades more serious bullying. But school bullying is not difference with socioeconomic status. 3. Access to Internet cafes, more than 2-3 hours, online game, using the Internet without adult consent, not present when adults use the Internet, Prone to bullying. 4. Relevant factors and the type of school bullying and relationships are notable. School management, teacher-student interaction with the type of school bullying and relationships are negatively related. Behavior and attitude, family discipline, personality traits are positively correlated. 5. School bullying on the victim's psychological harm is more serious than physical. For the victim, victimization and bystander, have a negative influence. According to the results, suggestions are proposed as the reference for the school,f families and researchers in the future.

Abstract Because the Internet reaches beyond borders and the World Wide Web (WWW) blossoms everywhere, taking such convenience, instructors and students may participate teaching and learning activities anytime in anyplace. Thus, the traditional instruction has been changed tremendously, not only in the way that knowledge is presented, but also in the way that instructions and feedbacks are exchanged, as well as in the environment that has been changed from concrete classrooms to the virtual world. Instruction via the Internet, or the Web-based Instruction, has been a trend. This new instruction has impacts the traditional instruction a lot. Therefore, we¡¦d like to discuss whether the Web-based instruction could replace the traditional instruction. This research refers the comparison method from Bereday, George Z.F. 1920-1983, also makes documents analysis to compare and evaluate the characteristics between the traditional instruction and the Web-based instruction in teaching media, class management and assessment. We expect this research and its suggestions may provide a reference for the development of the Web-based instruction and for the improvement of the traditional instruction in Taiwan. Thus, our future instruction may take advantages from both the Web-based instruction and the traditional way.

Thesis (MS)--University of Montana, 2009. / Contents viewed January 14, 2010. Title from author supplied metadata. Includes bibliographical references.

Inaug.-diss.--Halle-Wittenberg. / Lebenslauf. "Literatur-verzeichnis": p. [62].

Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2005. / Full text also available online. Scroll down to electronic link.

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