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111 Abstract Thesis title: Objectiveness and balance in media: the aspects of administrative law This paper deals with the administrative law aspects of objectivity and balance in light of their role as media content requirements. The first chapter defines "media". Then individual media laws are analyzed and from them basic types of media are derived as understood and regulated by current Czech law. Special attention is given to "public service media", especially to Česká televize (Czech Television) and Český rozhlas (Czech Radio) in subchapter 1.4. The second chapter concerns "objectiveness" and "balance". Firstly they are defined from the perspective of media theory (subchapter 2.1). Then relevant legal institutes regarding objectiveness and balance are identified and interpreted by media law analysis. More detailed interpretation as well as critical evaluation is given to the institutes of administrative nature (subchapter 2.2). The end of the second chapter emphasizes the human rights dimensions of the subject matter. The third chapter concerns Rada pro rozhlasové a televizní vysílání (Council for Radio and Television Broadcasting) which imposes fines as punishment for breaking the principles of objectiveness and balance in the radio and television broadcasting sector. Its legal domain, competence and...

This paper intends to answer the question of when and how we can consider a theatre criticism or review of a play to be more objective than another one. First we define the field of inquiry, art criticism and theatre criticism in particular. In doing so we describe how objectivity, truth, the author of a review and his or her intentions are related. We also explore various forms and functions of theatre criticism. While describing the process how criticism is created (perception, interpretation, evaluation and repeated search of arguments for the subjective view in the theatre piece itself) we identify how the different steps of such process influence the level of objectivity. At the end of the theoretical part this paper offers a synthesis of different criteria for objectivity in theatre criticism. The second part compares the criteria of objective criticism with a set of current theatre reviews in the daily press, weekly magazines and professional publications. We analyze ten reviews of Václav Havel's The Garden Party (Zahradní slavnost) directed by Dušan Pařízek at the Prague's Estates Theatre (Stavovské divadlo). This set of the ten reviews includes an article by the author of this paper herself. Based on the criteria described in the first part of the paper we evaluate reviews by Radmila Hrdinová, Marcela Magdová, Marie Reslová, Vladmír Just, Richard Erm, Vojtěch Varyš, Vladimír Mikulka, Vladimír Hulec, Milan Uhde and Pavlína Pacáková. The evaluation shows the criteria can distinguish the reviews on a subjective-objective scale. We conclude that an objective criticism fulfils several key demands: it openly defines the criteria of its evaluation, offers consistent reasoning, evaluates the theatre performance as a whole and not only as individual elements and helps the reader to make his own opinion and conclusion based on the given information.

This text explores the question of reasons for morality and the related issues, particularly the nature and the source of moral motivation. First, I elaborate the metaphysical distinction between subjective and objective, which concerns the status of moral reasons and the extent to which a human agent in involved in their genesis. Next, I raise some questions about moral motivation and I introduce briefly some contemporary views on these issues. Major part of the work is dedicated to the exposition of Kierkegaard's position, which combines subjective motivation for ethics (avoidance of personally perceived symptoms of despair) and objectively grounded reasons for morality (sin). Philosophers interested in moral motivation typically look for fundamental moral principles and compelling arguments in favour of being moral, but Kierkegaard turns the attention of his readers to the task of their own selves. His pseudonyms do not look for an objective moral principle, they show why the ethical life-view is essential for attainment of true selfhood. In this work, I compare some contemporary accounts of moral motivation to Kierkegaard's, I comment critically on some interpretations of Kierkegaard and differentiate between different aspects of reason for choosing the ethical life, implied in his pseudonymous...

Media and politics as well as media and elections are very closely related with each other, that is why is the topic of this thesis presidential election in 2018 in the Czech Republic in the Czech newspaper. Quantitative content analysis was used to analyse framing of the presidential election in Hospodářské noviny, Lidové noviny and Mladá Fronta DNES. The main theoretical frame used is Entman's (1993) definition of framing. It is also analysed how balanced and neutral the news, including the analysis of incumbency bonus. Research of the neutrality and balance of the news is based on the Westerstahl's definition of objectivity. The thesis also compares results of the framing and unbias analysis with the framing and unbias analysis of the presidential election in 2013 by the author Tamara Kejlová (2014). The main goal of the comparison is to show the trends that are present in the media content related to presidential election in the Czech Republic. In the thesis I also provide context of the presidential election in the Czech Republic.

This diploma thesis focuses on Virginia Woolf's conception of time in relation to the narrative techniques the author uses in her novels. The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the conception of time characteristic of Woolf's prose but also to point out how closely related this conception of time is to the narrative techniques used by the author. To capture the development of Woolf's conception of time and narrative methods, the novels are analysed chronologically according to their dates of publication. Significant part of this thesis is also devoted to the philosophical, scientific and historical context in which the novels were written because the author's treatment of time and narrative techniques are directly inspired by philosophical and-scientific theories and socio-historical changes at the turn of the 20th century.

Title: Objectivity of gymnasts' achievements judging in relation by Code of Points Men's Artistic Gymnastics changes The problem of our work is an objectivity of gymnastics way of ranking or judging. Analysis of results reached at chosen men's artistic gymnastics competition and also a method of gymnastics judging was used for solving purpose of our thesis. The evaluation of gymnasts achievements are realized by referees according to Code of Points (CoP) Men's Artistic Gymnastics (MAG), which are periodically changed. The purpose was verify possibility of determination degree of objectivity judging gymnastic performances in relation to changes rules of men's artistic gymnastics realized in years 2006, 2009, 2013 through analysis of gymnastics results in seniors and juniors categories reached on important international competitions. We used methods and techniques of statistical description for ordinal data; Sign test; Wilcoxon test; contingency table and sign diagram for contingency table. For evaluation rate of interrater concordance referees of panel "B" or "E" we used ICC and Pearson's correlation coefficient. For evaluation of bilateral discriminability of reached gymnastics results we used SEM and calculation of Critical Differences. In connection with changes of CoP MAG on monitored period...

The thesis called ``Illegible foreigners{\crqq} deals with the way Českobudějovické listy (renamed Českobudějovický deník in October 2006) presents minorities living in the Czech Republic. The thesis focuses on Romanies, the most frequently mentioned minority in this south Bohemia daily. The thesis consists of two parts. The first part outlines important theo-retical concepts that should explain the current situation of minorities as pre-sented in the south Bohemia daily. The main indicator of the relationship be-tween the media, minorities and the majority society are stereotypes, which can be positive or negative. The thesis lists the main stereotypical attributes as-cribed to minorities by the media and discusses the degree of objectivity in articles that mention minorities.The second part of the thesis uses specific arti-cles on minorities published from 1 January 2004 to 31 July 2006 in the south Bohemia daily to document whether minorities are depicted in a negative or positive way and whether the articles (journalists) are objective.

In this work we study peridynamics, a non-local model in continuum me- chanics introduced by Silling (2000). The non-locality is reflected in the fact that points at finite distance exert a force upon each other. If, however, these points are more distant than a characteristic length called horizon, it is customary to assume that they do not interact. We compare peridynamics with elasticity, especially in the limit of small horizon. We restrict ourselves, concerning this vanishing non-locality, to variational formulation of time- independent processes. We compute a Γ-limit for homogeneous and isotropic solid in linear peridynamics. In some cases this Γ-limit coincides with linear elasticity and the Poisson ratio is equal to 1 4. We conclude by clarifying why in some situation the computed Γ-limit can differ from the linear elasticity. 1

The role of the media before and during the Iraq war in 2003 in the United States still resonates topic. Journalists are often criticized for failing to fulfill their roles and violations of journalistic standards. This thesis deals with the balance of articles in two national newspapers, The New York Times and The Washington Post, in the period before the invasion of Iraq, specifically from the August 2002 until the invasion on March 19, 2003. The thesis is a quantitative content analysis of the articles from the front pages of these newspapers. The main hypothesis of the research is that, according to criticism that the media received, there should be more sources supportive of the administration of George W. Bush and almost no opposition. The thesis examines, whether journalists followed the norm of balance of sources, or whether is the criticism justified. The result is, that despite the lack of opposition on the domestic political scene, journalist found the opposition sources abroad. Reporting of these two newspapers were, in terms of used sources, balanced.