Current government policy aims to redress the persistent under-participation of Pasifika children in early childhood education by improving the standard and availability of services delivered through Pasifika early childhood initiatives. This research explores the rationale that underpinned the choices of sixteen New Zealand-born Samoan parents in Christchurch by using the qualitative method of in-depth interviews, structured around a questionnaire. Three primary themes emerged from the primary data: Pasifika early childcare provisions; identity issues; and the effect of generational changes in parenting styles. As first and second generation New Zealand-born Samoans, participants' preference vis-ā-vis the types of early childhood initiatives they accessed, reflected trans-generation differences between the original migrants and their offspring. Moreover, some participants and many of their children are of multi-ethnic heritage, exemplifying the changing face of Pasifika people in Aotearoa/New Zealand. Participants were divided into three groups. Findings indicate that Group A parents, who had the highest levels of social, cultural and economic capital, made informed decisions to access Pasifika Education and Childcare Centres in order to ensure their children were acculturated in Samoan language and culture. While there were multiple reasons why Group B parents withdrew their children from Pasifika services they were generally ambivalent about the effectiveness of Pasifika provisions in meeting the needs of their children. Group C parents did not access Pasifika preschool education; barriers to participation included their personal perceptions of alienation from the traditional Samoan community. Findings suggest that government policy formulation processes exclude the voices of stakeholders who demographers predict will comprise an increasingly large percentage of the population of Aotearoa/New Zealand. Pasifika parity in accessing early childhood education is contingent upon service provision that is conducive to meeting the needs of all Pasifika parents, including those who are marginalized by mainstream society and Pasifika communities.

Today's trend in construction is the emphasis on the most extensive unification. There are a number of building systems and technologies that can be clearly defined in terms of their technological solution. This trend opens up opportunities for innovative pricing approaches, or prices at which their construction products are offered by construction companies to their potential customers. From the customer's viewpoint, the offer price for the building, determined by the construction company, is the dominant part of the purchase price of the building work. The traditional way of determining the offer is the itemised budget. Creating itemised budgets is costly for companies and time-consuming, especially due to the costs of specialised budgets and their hardware and software equipment. The main idea of the dissertation is the effort to innovate in the area of budgeting of building structures designed for housing in the Czech Republic. The dissertation focuses more on the innovation of bidding in construction companies in the form of parametric budgeting. Parametric budgeting is an innovation based on parametric cost estimation methods. The principle of parametric budgeting correlates statistical analyses by calculating the cost of model cases with specific cases using the regression functions set for a given data set. A link between model and specific cases is spatial, technical, technological and material parameters. The dissertation’s overall objective is to evaluate in particular whether parametric budgeting makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the bidding process in enterprises. In the thesis are used calculation methods to determine construction costs in the form of item budgets. In addition, mathematical methods are used to determine the regression function of a particular data set for creating and examining cost estimation relationships. In the dissertation are used investment procedures to determine simple payback period, cash flow, etc.

This diploma thesis focuses on the educational needs of educators in leadership positions on whom increasingly higher demands are placed, resulting from changes in society, which are reflected in the transformations of schools. It points out the urgent need to identify the current educational needs of kindergarten directors, to adapt the range of education available to their needs and thus create the basis for systematic, life-long education. The work is based on theoretical knowledge, professional literature, legal requirements, competences and other fields and activities which form the basis for educational needs of directors. It explains terminology used in education and identifies the current state in the continuing education of school directors. It offers various methods and forms of continuing education. The thesis also contains a research section focusing on kindergarten directors. It provides information on their approach to continuing education, their specific educational needs, identifies gaps in currently available range of offered courses and looks into their motivation to further self-education. This work is a recommendation and a proposal for possible options in the continuing education of kindergarten directors and is based on their needs as well on the needs of potential candidates...

有鑑於高等教育評鑑中的課程評鑑混入行政評鑑、教學評鑑或是研究評鑑中，忽視課程評鑑的實際。從學習者被提供的課程選擇機會、以及從系所有意規劃的學習內容來看，實際開課科目是課程整體中最具體、也最能被直接檢視的部分。故本研究試圖以大學院校系所開課科目為研究重點，建構其課程評鑑指標，希望未來能有助於各系所檢視其實際開課的情況，進而做為開課科目課程評鑑的參考。 因此，本研究透過研究者文獻探析、小型專家座談、問卷調查法，彙整課程領域專家學者的意見，再經由研究者調整修改指標後，建構出本研究的大學院校系所開課科目課程評鑑指標。 本研究所建構出的大學院校系所實際開課科目課程評鑑指標共計十七條，除了作為各系所檢視與評鑑實際開課的參考，也提供未來相關研究在指標建構與課程評鑑研究的建議。 / Higher education evaluation is emphasis on administration evaluation, instruction evaluation or research evaluation, but ignores the curriculum evaluation on course offerings. Besides, from the opportunities of choosing courses by learners and from the point of view of courses planning, course offerings are the most substantial and can be examination directly from curriculum. Therefore, my research is focused on the course offerings in universities and to construct a curriculum evaluation indicator to help universities examine the effectiveness of the curriculum offered, in addition, to provide a comparison on evaluating the course offerings. In order to complete this research, the following methods were used: research literature review, small expert panel, the questionnaire survey, and compiling opinions from scholars and experts in the field course. The researcher then adjusted the index by combining the data collected to construct the indicators for the higher education curriculum evaluation. From this research at universities and colleges concerning curriculum evaluation, a total of seventeen indicators of curriculum evaluation were developed. These seventeen indicators not only can help universities examine the effectiveness of the curriculum offered, but also can help future educators plan their curriculum in an effective manner.

Dass Stadt- und Gemeindebibliotheken hinsichtlich der Möglichkeit, sonntags zu öffnen, derzeit noch weniger den Museen und Theatern als den Autowaschanlagen gleichgestellt sind, hat vor einigen Monaten auch den Bundestagspräsidenten in Rage gebracht (vgl. Bundestagspräsident für Sonntagsöffnungen, in: BIS 1 (2008), S. 268). Das geltende Arbeitszeitgesetz ist umso kurioser, als es der Gruppe der wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken explizit gestattet, was es den Öffentlichen Bibliotheken verwehrt: Auch an Sonntagen zur Präsenznutzung zu öffnen. Die Sächsische Landesbibliothek – Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (SLUB) plädiert mit dem Deutschen Bibliotheksverband dafür, Bibliotheken generell als Stätten der Erholung, Bildung und des Kulturgenusses zu würdigen, und setzt den im eigenen Haus vorhandenen Gestaltungsspielraum seit Jahresbeginn konsequent um. Nach sehr positiven Erfahrungen mit außerordentlichen Sonntagsöffnungen um die Prüfungszeiten ist die Zentralbibliothek nun ganzjährig sonntags geöffnet.

Dass Stadt- und Gemeindebibliotheken hinsichtlich der Möglichkeit, sonntags zu öffnen, derzeit noch weniger den Museen und Theatern als den Autowaschanlagen gleichgestellt sind, hat vor einigen Monaten auch den Bundestagspräsidenten in Rage gebracht (vgl. Bundestagspräsident für Sonntagsöffnungen, in: BIS 1 (2008), S. 268). Das geltende Arbeitszeitgesetz ist umso kurioser, als es der Gruppe der wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken explizit gestattet, was es den Öffentlichen Bibliotheken verwehrt: Auch an Sonntagen zur Präsenznutzung zu öffnen. Die Sächsische Landesbibliothek – Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden (SLUB) plädiert mit dem Deutschen Bibliotheksverband dafür, Bibliotheken generell als Stätten der Erholung, Bildung und des Kulturgenusses zu würdigen, und setzt den im eigenen Haus vorhandenen Gestaltungsspielraum seit Jahresbeginn konsequent um. Nach sehr positiven Erfahrungen mit außerordentlichen Sonntagsöffnungen um die Prüfungszeiten ist die Zentralbibliothek nun ganzjährig sonntags geöffnet.

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