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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Busca por espécies da classe Thermotogae a partir de fluídos de um reservatório de petróleo onshore com alta temperatura e salinidade / Searching for Thermotogae species from fluids of an oil reservoir onshore with high temperature and salinity

Godoi, Leandro Bardiviesso 31 March 2015 (has links)
Reservatórios de petróleo são ambientes únicos por apresentarem uma combinação de condições extremas referentes à temperatura, pressão e salinidade, e que sustentam o desenvolvimento de procariotos. Várias espécies dos Domínios Bactéria e Archaea têm sido isoladas deste ambiente, com destaque aos microrganismos redutores de sulfato (BRS), metanogênicos e fermentadores. Estes últimos utilizam como fonte de energia uma grande variedade de compostos orgânicos e uma grande parte de seus representantes em reservatórios pertence ao Filo Thermotogae. Estas bactérias apresentam uma estrutura característica envolvendo a célula, semelhante a uma bainha, chamada toga. Alguns gêneros deste Filo são habitantes exclusivos de reservatórios, como por exemplo, o gênero Petrotoga. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo isolar e caracterizar bactérias da classe Thermotogae a partir de fluidos de água/óleo de poços de um reservatório de petróleo localizado na região Nordeste, com vistas a contribuir para o conhecimento da diversidade e metabolismo microbianos deste tipo de ambiente. O reservatório tem salinidade média de 7%, temperatura média de 60ºC, o pH dos fluidos situa-se entre 6,6-6,8, e a profundidade média dos poços é de 1.100 metros. Dois meios propostos na literatura para o cultivo de Petrotoga foram testados para o isolamento deste gênero: meio P-mexicana e meio P. olearia. Os meios foram preparados em anaerobiose, sob atmosfera de N2 e salinidade de 70g/L de NaCl. Inóculos de cultivos pré-existentes em meios enriquecidos foram feitos nestes meios e incubados a 60ºC. Ambos os meios se mostraram seletivos para linhagens de Petrotoga. Os isolados foram identificados pelo sequenciamento do gene RNAr 16S, e um deles, o isolado MG414-03, foi submetido a testes de crescimento sob as variáveis temperatura, salinidade e fonte de carbono. MG414-03 pertence ao gênero Petrotoga, com similaridade de 99,2% com a espécie Petrotoga miotherma. Suas células têm forma de bastonete e são envolvidas por toga; são Gram-negativas; têm comprimento médio de 1,8±0,9 μm e largura média de 0,7±0,1 μm, podendo ser individuais ou formar filamentos. Motilidade foi observada em células individuais e em arranjos de dois. Endósporos não foram observados em nenhuma fase de crescimento. Forma colônias circulares lisas, com borda lisa, transparentes, com diâmetro máximo de 1,0 mm. O isolado apresentou temperatura e salinidade ótimas de 60ºC e 4%, respectivamente. Utiliza glicose, xilose, maltose e sacarose como fontes de carbono, mas não utiliza xilana e carboximetilcelulose (CMC). É inibido pelos antibióticos canamicina e cloranfenicol nas concentrações de 10 μg/mL e 100 μg/mL, respectivamente. As atividades enzimáticas sobre os substratos xilana e carboximetilcelulose (CMC) foram testadas para o isolado MG414-03 e para as linhagens Petrotoga mobilis-DSM10674 e Petrotoga mexicana-DSM14811. O método utilizado foi o ensaio colorimétrico com DNS (Ácido Dinitrossalicílico) e o isolado MG414-03 não apresentou atividade enzimática sobre os substratos testados. Petrotoga mobilis-DSM10674 e Petrotoga mexicana-DSM14811 foram utilizadas como padrões no ensaio pois ambas são descritas como produtoras de xilanases, fato confirmado pelos resultados apresentados no teste. Petrotoga mobilis-DSM10674 apresentou atividade enzimática sobre o CMC, na ordem de 73±18 U/L, fato não registrado na literatura para esta espécie. / Oil reservoirs are unique environments for having a combination of extreme conditions relating to temperature, pressure, salinity, and that support the growth of microorganisms. Several species of Domains Bacteria and Archaea have been recovered from oil reservoirs, especially the sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRB), methanogens and fermenters. The latter use as a carbon source a wide variety of organic compounds and a large fraction of the strains are members of the Phylum Thermotogae. Thermotogae species share a common characteristic: a balloon-like sheath or “toga” present outside the cell membrane. Some genera of the phylum have been exclusively recovered from oil reservoirs, as the genus Petrotoga. This study aimed to isolate and characterize strains members of Thermotogae from water/oil fluids of an onshore oil reservoir located in the Northeast of Brazil, in order to contributes to the knowledge of diversity and microbial metabolism of this type of environment. The reservoir has an average salinity of 7%, an average temperature of 60 º C, the pH of the fluid is between 6.6-6.8 and the average depth of the wells is 1,100 meters. Two culture media proposed in the literature for Petrotoga cultivation were tested: P-mexicana Medium and P. olearia medium. The media was prepared anaerobically under N2 flush and salinity adjusted for 70g/L NaCl. Aliquots from pre-existing enriched cultures were inoculated in those media and incubated at 60 º C. Both media proved be selective for Petrotoga strains. The isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and the isolate MG414-03 was tested for the growth under variables temperature, salinity and carbon source. MG414-03 belongs to the genus Petrotoga, with 99.2% similarity with Petrotoga miotherma species. Cells are rods, 1.8 (± 0.9) x 0.7 (± 0.1) μm in size, with an outer sheath-like structure (toga), occurring singly or in sheaths. It stains Gram-negative. Motility was observed in single or in double cells. No spore formation was detected. Colonies are circular, with a smooth edge, transparent, with a maximum diameter of 1.0 mm. Optimum salinity at 4% and optimum temperature at 60ºC. Ferments glucose, xylose, maltose and sucrose, but not xylan and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC). It is inhibited by the antibiotics kanamycin and chloramphenicol at concentrations of 10 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL, respectively. The enzymatic activity on xylan and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) were tested for isolate MG414-03, Petrotoga mobilis DSM10674 and Petrotoga Mexicana DSM14811. The method used was the colorimetric assay with DNS (dinitrosalicylic acid) and isolate MG414-03 showed no enzymatic activity on the tested substrates. Petrotoga mobilis DSM10674 and Petrotoga Mexicana DSM14811 were used as standards in the DNS assay, as both strains are described as xylanase producers, and this ability was confirmed by the results presented in the test. Petrotoga mobilis-DSM10674 showed enzymatic activity on CMC, of 73 ± 18 U/L, which was not recorded in the literature for this species.
22

Oil recovery by spontaneous imbibition for a wide range of viscosity ratios

Fischer, Herbert. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wyoming, 2006. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Dec. 20, 2007). Includes bibliographical references (p. 208-216).
23

Application of a statistical zonation technique to Granny Creek field in West Virginia

Kristamsetty, Venkata. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xx, 159 p. : ill. (some col.), map. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 64-65).
24

A new method for the rapid calculation of finely-gridded reservoir simulation pressures /

Hardy, Benjamin Arik, January 2005 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S.)--Brigham Young University. Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 159-161).
25

Data integration for reservoir characterization : a central Arabian oil field /

Aljuhani, Salem Gulaiyel, January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 237-240). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.
26

Flow of dilute oil-in-water emulsions in porous media /

Mendez, Zuleyka del Carmen, January 1999 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 254-259). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.
27

Integrated reservoir characterization of Sun oil and gas field, South Texas /

Dai, Jianchun, January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 152-158). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.
28

Implementation of full permeability tensor representation in a dual porosity reservoir simulator

Li, Bowei. January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International.
29

Application of statistical methods for "flow unit" identification and characterization of a reservoir using well log and core data

Mustafa, Reza. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 103 p. : ill. (some col.), maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-55).
30

Natural fracture modeling and characterization

Qiu, Yuan 28 August 2008 (has links)
Not available / text

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