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Estudo da influência da taxa de penetração de broca de perfuração nos custos da construção de poços de petróleo / Studying the influence of rate of penetration in costs of well constructionIfekaibeya, Walter Nkemjika 19 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: José Ricardo Pelaquim Mendes, Kazuo Miura / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica e Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T05:58:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Na área de petróleo & gás, devido aos altos custos das sondas utilizados nas atividades de perfuração no mar, o aumento da velocidade de execução das operações torna-se imprescindível. A necessidade de se reduzir esses altos custos tem feito com que empresas de perfuração busquem métodos que permitam alcançar o objetivo almejado. Uma dessas formas é o aumento da taxa de penetração (ROP) da broca. Contudo, segundo pesquisas, os efeitos obtidos através dessa prática nem sempre tem resultado na redução dos custos operacionais. Embora pertinente essa constatação, não foram desenvolvidos estudos que pudessem dizer a real influência da taxa de penetração da broca sobre os custos de construção de poços. Essa deficiência motivou o desenvolvimento desta dissertação, que possui como objetivo estudar a influência da taxa de penetração da broca sobre os custos de construção de poços utilizando informações obtidas através da análise da análise de Boletins Diário de Perfuração, dados de mudlogging, entre outros. Para facilitar a avaliação desenvolveu-se um novo parâmetro de análise baseado no tradicional e difundido custo métrico da broca / Abstract: In the field of oil and gas, due to the high costs of rigs used in drilling activities, increasing the speed of operations execution becomes essential. The need to reduce these costs has made drilling companies seek methods to achieve the desired objective. One of those ways is to increase the rate of penetration (ROP) of the bit. However, according to surveys, the outcomes achieved through this practice have not always result in lower operating costs. Although relevant, studies that could tell the real influence of bit's penetration on the costs of well construction were not developed. This deficiency has motivated the development of this dissertation, which has as objective to study the influence of penetration rates on the well construction costs by using information obtained from daily drilling reports analysis, mudlogging data, among others. To facilitate the evaluation influence of bit's penetration on the costs of well construction has developed a new parameter of analysis based on the traditional and popular cost per foot / Mestrado / Explotação / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Metodologia de análise de integridade para projetos de poço de desenvolvimento da produção / A methodology for production development wells integrity analysisDa Fonseca, Tiago Cardoso, 1981- 21 August 2018 (has links)
Orientadores: José Ricardo Pelaquim Mendes, Kazuo Miura / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica e Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T13:11:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Integridade de poço pode ser entendida como sua capacidade de evitar vazamentos para o meio ambiente e é uma importante característica de um poço de petróleo. Uma das formas de evitar vazamentos durante a fase de produção é realizar intervenções de manutenção que conservem os poços em situações seguras e com barreiras de segurança sobressalentes. A previsão de custos relativos às intervenções para manutenção deve ser levada em conta nas fases iniciais dos projetos de Desenvolvimento da Produção, quando se planeja e se avalia técnica e economicamente a campanha de construção de poços. Este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para análise de integridade de poços de Desenvolvimento da Produção que considera a existência de estados intermediários, onde não há perda de integridade, mas o sistema poço encontra-se degradado, fundamentando-se nos conceitos de Conjuntos Solidários de Barreiras (CSB) propostos por Miura (2004) e em técnicas de Engenharia de Confiabilidade. A metodologia pode ser utilizada na previsão de recursos para as intervenções de manutenção de uma campanha de construção e operação de poços. Através do tempo esperado para falha de cada um dos CSB presentes na configuração de completação é possível se estimar quando o estado de integridade do poço passará a depender de um único Conjunto Solidário de Barreiras e qual a expectativa para que haja vazamento (ausência de CSB) / Abstract: Well integrity may be defined as its capability to prevent leaks to the environment and is therefore a very important feature for oil and gas wells. One way to avoid leaks during the well operation is to perform maintenance interventions, seeking to keep redundancy in the well's safety barriers. Cost assessment regarding the wells maintenance interventions shall be done during the initial phases of the Production Development project, when the wells construction campaign is both technically and economically evaluated. This work presents a methodology for petroleum wells integrity analysis considering the existence of intermediate stages, when the integrity has not been lost but the well is considered to be in a degraded status. The method is based on the Barrier Integrated Sets (BIS), proposed by Miura (2004, in Portuguese) and described by Miura et al. (2006 [1]), and on Reliability Engineering techniques. The methodology may be used for maintenance interventions resource assessment considering a well construction campaign. Through the computation of the mean time to failure of each BIS identified in the completion configuration it is possible to estimate when the well is in a degraded status, relying in a single Barrier Integrated Set and well the well is expected to leak (no BIS) / Mestrado / Explotação / Mestre em Ciências e Engenharia de Petróleo
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An analysis of severance tax editorials in selected Kansas newspapers from January 1, 1981 to April 30, 1982Wilson, Eva R January 2011 (has links)
Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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The use of capacitance-resistance models to optimize injection allocation and well location in water floodsWeber, Daniel Brent 23 October 2009 (has links)
Reservoir management strategies traditionally attempt to combine and balance
complex geophysical, petrophysical, thermodynamic and economic factors to determine
an optimal method to recover hydrocarbons from a given reservoir. Reservoir simulators
have traditionally been too large and run times too long to allow for rigorous solution in
conjunction with an optimization algorithm. It has also proven very difficult to marry an
optimizer with the large set of nonlinear partial differential equations required for
accurate reservoir simulation.
A simple capacitance-resistance model (CRM) that characterizes the connectivity
between injection and production wells can determine an injection scheme maximizes the
value of the reservoir asset. Model parameters are identified using linear and nonlinear
regression. The model is then used together with a nonlinear optimization algorithm to
compute a set of future injection rates which maximize discounted net profit. This
research demonstrates that this simple dynamic model provides an excellent match to
historic data. Based on three case studies examining actual reservoirs, the optimal injection schemes based on the capacitance-resistive model yield a predicted increase in
hydrocarbon recovery of up to 60% over the extrapolated exponential historic decline.
An advantage of using a simple model is its ability to describe large reservoirs in
a straightforward way with computation times that are short to moderate. However,
applying the CRM to large reservoirs with many wells presents several new challenges.
Reservoirs with hundreds of wells have longer production histories – new wells are
created, wells are shut in for varying periods of time and production wells are converted
to injection wells. Additionally, ensuring that the production data to which the CRM is
fit are free from contamination or corruption is important. Several modeling techniques
and heuristics are presented that provide a simple, accurate reservoir model that can be
used to optimize the value of the reservoir over future time periods.
In addition to optimizing reservoir performance by allocating injection, this
research presents a few methods that use the CRM to find optimal well locations for new
injectors. These algorithms are still in their infancy and represent the best ideas for future research. / text
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[en] VISCOPLASTIC MATERIALS IN ENGINEERING PROBLEMS / [pt] MATERIAIS VISCOPLÁSTICOS EM PROBLEMAS DE ENGENHARIAFLAVIO HENRIQUE MARCHESINI DE OLIVEIRA 25 February 2010 (has links)
[pt] Materiais viscoplásticos, os quais apresentam tensão limite de escoamento,
podem ser encontrados em vários processos naturais e em diversas
indústrias, tais como: alimentícia, de cosméticos, farmacêutica e do petróleo.
Nessas indústrias o conhecimento preciso das propriedades reológicas dos
materiais viscoplásticos e do comportamento desses materiais em diferentes
escoamentos é fundamental para o sucesso de várias operações. Todavia, a
reometria desse tipo de material ainda apresenta alguns desafios como as
medidas de tensão limite de escoamento, deslizamento aparente, tixotropia
e a quebra da microestrutura na colocação da amostra no reômetro. Alémm
disso, existe o fato de que até hoje alguns fenômenos em diferentes escoamentos
envolvendo materiais viscoplásticos ainda permanecem não tão
bem compreendidos, o que requer uma investigação mais profunda. Nesse
trabalho, uma abordagem dos materiais que apresentam comportamento
viscoplástico, dos métodos utilizados para as medições de suas propriedades
reológicas e do comportamento desses materiais em diferentes tipos de escoamento
é realizada. Além disso, é executada uma análise detalhada de
escoamentos, tais como: viscométricos, através de expansões-contrações, envolvendo
deslocamentos em tubos capilares e de escoamentos envolvendo
deslocamentos em poços de petróleo. / [en] Viscoplastic or yield stress materials are found in a lot of natural processes,
and in a wide variety of industries such as food, cosmetic, farmaceutical and
petroleum. In these industries, knowing the accurate rheological properties
of a viscoplastic material and its behavior in different flows are fundamental
for the success of many operations. Nevertheless, the rheometry of this kind
of material still presents some challenges, such as yield stress measurements,
apparent wall slip, thixotropy and the breakdown of structure on loading the
material into the rheometer geometry used. In addition to that, until now
some phenomena in different flows involving viscoplastic materials are not
well understood, and therefore more investigation is required. This thesis
deals with viscoplastic materials, their rheological properties measurements,
and their behavior in different kinds of flow. Moreover, a detailed analysis
of flows such as viscometric, expansions-contractions, the displacements in
capillary tubes, and the displacements inside oil wells was performed.
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[en] NUMERICAL BOREHOLE STABILITY ANALYSIS CONSIDERING SPATIAL VARIABILITY AND FLUID-MECHANICAL COUPLING / [pt] ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DA ESTABILIDADE DE POÇOS DE PETRÓLEO CONSIDERANDO A VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL E ACOPLAMENTO FLUIDO-MECÂNICOANDRE LUIS MULLER 30 August 2007 (has links)
[pt] Em geral, a análise da estabilidade e a análise das
respostas de poços de
petróleo são realizadas de forma determinística em relação
às propriedades
mecânicas e hidráulicas do meio rochoso. No entanto, sabe-
se que os meios
rochosos e em particular rochas sedimentares, podem
mostrar um considerável
grau de heterogeneidades, em micro, meso e macro-escala.
Essas
heterogeneidades produzem variabilidade espacial nas
propriedades mecânicas e
hidráulicas dos meios rochosos. Essa variabilidade mostra
em geral um caráter
espacial pronunciado. O presente estudo propõe o
desenvolvimento de
procedimentos de análise numérica, utilizando elementos
finitos, de processos
fluido mecânicos acoplados, monofásicos e bifásicos, que
levem em conta a
variabilidade espacial de propriedades hidráulicas e
mecânicas e a variabilidade
das condições iniciais de tensões e poro pressões. Nesse
estudo, empregam-se os
procedimentos numéricos desenvolvidos em duas fases
distintas. Na análise
probabilística da estabilidade de poços e na análise
probabilística das respostas
dos poços durante a produção, considerando o acoplamento
fluido mecânico com
fluxo bifásico. / [en] In general, borehole stability analysis and borehole
response analysis are
carried out considering that both hydraulic and mechanical
parameters of the rock
mass are deterministic. However, it is a well known fact,
that rock masses and in
particular sedimentary rock masses may show a considerable
degree of
heterogeneity, in micro, meso and macro scale. These
heterogeneities produce
spatial variability in mechanical and hydraulic properties
of the rock medium.
This variability can be very pronounced. The present work
proposes the
development of numerical analysis procedures, using finite
elements, in order to
analyze single and two phases flow, coupled fluid
mechanical processes that take
into account the spatial variability of hydraulic and
mechanical properties and the
variability of the initial stresses and pore pressures. In
this study, the developed
numerical procedures are used in two distinct phases. In
the borehole stochastic
stability analysis and in the borehole stochastic response
analysis during the
production, considering fluid mechanical coupling and two
phase flow.
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Numerical analysis of hydraulic fracturing and related crack problemsPetersen, Donald Ralph January 1980 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Includes bibliographical references. / by Donald Ralph Petersen. / M.S.
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Fully coupled fluid flow and geomechanics in the study of hydraulic fracturing and post-fracture productionAghighi, Mohammad Ali, Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW January 2007 (has links)
This work addresses the poroelastic effect on the processes involved in hydraulic fracturing and post-fracture production using a finite element based fully coupled poroelastic model which includes a triple system of wellbore-fracture-reservoir. A novel numerical procedure for modeling hydraulic fracture propagation in a poroelastic medium is introduced. The model directly takes into account the interaction of wellbore, hydraulic fracture and reservoir in a fully coupled manner. This allows realistic simulation of near fracture phenomena such as back stress and leak-off. In addition, fluid leak-off is numerically modeled based on the concept of fluid flow in porous media using a new technique for evaluating local pressure gradient. Besides, the model is capable of accommodating the zone of reduced pressure (including intermediate and fluid lag zones) at the fracture front so as to capture the behavior of fracture tip region more realistically. A fully coupled poroelastic model for gas reservoirs has been also developed using an innovative numerical technique. From the results of this study it has been found that fracture propagation pressure is higher in poroelastic media compared to that of elastic media. Also high formation permeability (in the direction normal to the hydraulic fracture) and large difference between minimum horizontal stress (in case of it being the smallest principal stress) and reservoir pressure reduce the rate of fracture growth. Besides, high pumping rate is more beneficial in elongating a hydraulic fracture whereas high viscous fracturing fluid is advantageous in widening a hydraulic fracture. It has been also shown that rock deformation, permeability anisotropy and modulus of elasticity can have a significant effect on fluid flow in a hydraulically fractured reservoir. Furthermore, it has been shown that long stress reversal time window and large size of stress reversal region can be caused by high initial pressure differential (i.e. the difference between flowing bottomhole pressure and reservoir pressure), low initial differential stress (i.e. the difference between maximum and minimum horizontal stresses) and low formation permeability in tight gas reservoirs. By taking advantage of production induced change in stress state of a reservoir, this study has also shown that a refracture treatment, if carried out in an optimal time window, can lead to higher economic gain. Besides, analysis of stress reversal region has depicted that a small region with high stress concentration in the vicinity of the wellbore could impede refracture from initiating at the desired place. Moreover, re-pressurization of the wellbore can result in further propagation of the initial fracture before initiation or during propagation of the secondary fracture.
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Fine scale sandstone acidizing coreflood simulationLi, Chunlou 28 August 2008 (has links)
Not available / text
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A comprehensive skin factor model for well completions based on finite element simulationsFurui, Kenji 28 August 2008 (has links)
Not available / text
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