Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-82). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-82). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland, 2002. / Includes bibliography.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:50:56Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 tortola_l_me_jabo.pdf: 311154 bytes, checksum: 539dc72b4296de7a2e76326a8c6c377d (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Farelo de soja (FS) foi avaliado como substituto protéico da farinha de vísceras de frango (FVF) em rações extrusadas para cães, bem como a ação de enzimas exógenas sobre a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, formação de produtos de fermentação intestinal, composição da microbiota das fezes e resposta pós-prandiais de ureia. Duas formulações isonutritivas foram usadas em dois ensaios: FVF (28,9% de FVF, casca de soja como fonte de fibra) e dieta a base de FS (29,9% de FS). No experimento A, a dieta FS foi desdobrada em três dietas: FS-0, sem adição de enzimas; FS-1, 7.500U/kg de protease e 45U/kg de celulase; FS-2, 15.000U/kg de protease e 90U/kg de celulase, ambas adicionadas por cobertura após a extrusão. No experimento B, a dieta FS foi desdobrada em três dietas: FS-0, FS-1,140U/kg de protease, 8U/kg de celulase, 800U/kg de pectinase, 60U/kg de fitase, 40U/kg de betaglucanase e 20U/kg de xilanase; FS-2, 700U/kg de protease, 40U/kg de celulase, 4000U/kg de pectinase, 300U/kg de fitase, 200U/kg de betaglucanase e 100U/kg de xilanase, ambas adicionadas por cobertura após a extrusão. Cada experimento seguiu um delineamento em blocos com dois blocos de 12 cães beagle sadios e seis cães por dieta. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadoas por contrastes ortogonais e polinomiais (p<0,05). Em ambos os experimentos, a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e a energia metabolizável não diferiram entre as dietas (p>0,05). O uso de FS resultou em aumento da umidade fecal e da produção fecal (p<0,05). Altas concentrações de acetato, propionato e lactato e menor quantidade de amônia foram encontrados nas fezes de cães alimentados com FS (p<0,05). No experimento B, a adição de enzimas aumentou a concentração fecal de acetato, propionato e AGCC totais (p<0,05)... / Soybean meal (SBM) was evaluated as a protein substitute of poultry byproduct meal (PM) in extruded dog foods, as well the effects of exogenous enzymes supplementation on nutrient digestibility, fermentation end products formation, fecal microbiota composition and postprandial urea response. Two kibble isonutritive diets were used in two trials: PM based diet (28,9% of PM; soybean hulls as a fiber source); SBM based diet (29,9% of SBM). On experiment 1, the SBM diet was unfolded into three diets: SBM-0, without enzyme addition; SBM-1, covered after extrusion with 7,500Uprotease/kg and 45Ucelulase/kg; SBM-2, covered with 15,000Uprotease/kg and 90Ucelulase/kg. On experiment 2, the SBM diet was unfolded into three diets: SBM-0; SBM-1, covered with 140Uprotease/kg; 8Ucellulase/kg, 800Upectinase/kg, 60Uphytase/kg, 40Ubetaglucanase/kg and 20Uxylanase/kg; SMB-2, covered with 700Uprotease/kg, 40Ucellulase/kg, 4000Upectinase/kg, 300Uphytase/kg, 200U betaglucanase/kg and 100Uxylanase/kg. Each experiment followed a block design with two blocks of 12 health beagles, and 6 dogs per diet. Data was submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by orthogonal and polynomial contrasts (P<0.05). In both experiments, digestibility of nutrients and metabolizable energy did not differ between diets (P>0.05). The use of SBM resulted in increased faecal moisture and faecal production (P<0.05). High concentration of propionate, acetate and lactate, and lower amounts of ammonia were found in the feces of dogs fed SBM (P<0.05). In experiment 2 the addition of enzymes increased fecal concentration of propionate, acetate and total SCFA (P<0.05). Postprandial urea pick response and area under the curve were higher for dogs fed SBM diets (P<0.05). Soybean meal resulted in low faecal concentrations of total aerobes and total anaerobes (P<0.05) ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientador: Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi / Banca: João Martins Pizauro Júnior / Banca: Ricardo Souza Vasconcellos / Resumo: Farelo de soja (FS) foi avaliado como substituto protéico da farinha de vísceras de frango (FVF) em rações extrusadas para cães, bem como a ação de enzimas exógenas sobre a digestibilidade dos nutrientes, formação de produtos de fermentação intestinal, composição da microbiota das fezes e resposta pós-prandiais de ureia. Duas formulações isonutritivas foram usadas em dois ensaios: FVF (28,9% de FVF, casca de soja como fonte de fibra) e dieta a base de FS (29,9% de FS). No experimento A, a dieta FS foi desdobrada em três dietas: FS-0, sem adição de enzimas; FS-1, 7.500U/kg de protease e 45U/kg de celulase; FS-2, 15.000U/kg de protease e 90U/kg de celulase, ambas adicionadas por cobertura após a extrusão. No experimento B, a dieta FS foi desdobrada em três dietas: FS-0, FS-1,140U/kg de protease, 8U/kg de celulase, 800U/kg de pectinase, 60U/kg de fitase, 40U/kg de betaglucanase e 20U/kg de xilanase; FS-2, 700U/kg de protease, 40U/kg de celulase, 4000U/kg de pectinase, 300U/kg de fitase, 200U/kg de betaglucanase e 100U/kg de xilanase, ambas adicionadas por cobertura após a extrusão. Cada experimento seguiu um delineamento em blocos com dois blocos de 12 cães beagle sadios e seis cães por dieta. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadoas por contrastes ortogonais e polinomiais (p<0,05). Em ambos os experimentos, a digestibilidade dos nutrientes e a energia metabolizável não diferiram entre as dietas (p>0,05). O uso de FS resultou em aumento da umidade fecal e da produção fecal (p<0,05). Altas concentrações de acetato, propionato e lactato e menor quantidade de amônia foram encontrados nas fezes de cães alimentados com FS (p<0,05). No experimento B, a adição de enzimas aumentou a concentração fecal de acetato, propionato e AGCC totais (p<0,05) ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Soybean meal (SBM) was evaluated as a protein substitute of poultry byproduct meal (PM) in extruded dog foods, as well the effects of exogenous enzymes supplementation on nutrient digestibility, fermentation end products formation, fecal microbiota composition and postprandial urea response. Two kibble isonutritive diets were used in two trials: PM based diet (28,9% of PM; soybean hulls as a fiber source); SBM based diet (29,9% of SBM). On experiment 1, the SBM diet was unfolded into three diets: SBM-0, without enzyme addition; SBM-1, covered after extrusion with 7,500Uprotease/kg and 45Ucelulase/kg; SBM-2, covered with 15,000Uprotease/kg and 90Ucelulase/kg. On experiment 2, the SBM diet was unfolded into three diets: SBM-0; SBM-1, covered with 140Uprotease/kg; 8Ucellulase/kg, 800Upectinase/kg, 60Uphytase/kg, 40Ubetaglucanase/kg and 20Uxylanase/kg; SMB-2, covered with 700Uprotease/kg, 40Ucellulase/kg, 4000Upectinase/kg, 300Uphytase/kg, 200U betaglucanase/kg and 100Uxylanase/kg. Each experiment followed a block design with two blocks of 12 health beagles, and 6 dogs per diet. Data was submitted to analysis of variance and means compared by orthogonal and polynomial contrasts (P<0.05). In both experiments, digestibility of nutrients and metabolizable energy did not differ between diets (P>0.05). The use of SBM resulted in increased faecal moisture and faecal production (P<0.05). High concentration of propionate, acetate and lactate, and lower amounts of ammonia were found in the feces of dogs fed SBM (P<0.05). In experiment 2 the addition of enzymes increased fecal concentration of propionate, acetate and total SCFA (P<0.05). Postprandial urea pick response and area under the curve were higher for dogs fed SBM diets (P<0.05). Soybean meal resulted in low faecal concentrations of total aerobes and total anaerobes (P<0.05) ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Sugar complexes with anions and cations are reviewed. Evidence is presented for the formation of a complex of stoichiometry 1:1 in aqueous solution between methyl-α-Dglucopyranoside and magnesium perchlorate. The complex may be detected by the method of continuous variations. Measurements of changes in the proton chemical shifts of the glucoside in dauterium oxide, indicate that the complex is probably formed between the vicinal hydroxyl groups at C-2 and C-3 of the pyranoside ring and the hydrated cation. At elevation temperatures there is evidence for the presence of a complex of stoichiometry 2:1. Experiments conducted on cellulose indicate the possible formation of cellulose - magnesium-ion complexes . These complexes provide an explanation for the "protective action" of mEgnesium compounds on the cellulose portion of pulp during alkali-oxygen bleaching.

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The ability of a cellulolytic bacterium Cellvibrio gilvus, to absorb and utilize members of the cellulose oligosaccharide series was investigated. Resting cell suspensions prepared from 24-hour cultures were incubated with the cellulodextrins. At various times samples were removed from the incubation flasks and filtered. The filtrates were analyzed for sugar concentration by a modified phenol-sulfuric acid procedure and degree of polymerization (D.P.) by a borohydride reduction phenol-sulfuric acid method. The rate of disappearance of the oligosaccharides from the supernatant of the resting cell suspensions was linear with respect to time indicating an active absorption mechanism. The conclusion that the rate of absorption was controlled by the respiration of the cell was based on the observation that independent of the D.P. of the cellulodextrin, the number of glucose molecules removed per cell per minute was approximately the same. The D.P. of the substrates remained constant over the experimental period with the cells suggesting that the molecules were removed intact. No effect on sugar concentration or D.P. was observed when the oligosaccharides were incubated with the filtrates which confirm these data. It was not possible from these results to determine if the oligosaccharides entered the cell or were metabolized at the cell wall. / Master of Science