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Past research has shown that natural ventilation can be used to satisfy upwards of 98% of the yearly cooling demand when utilized in the appropriate climate zone. Yet widespread implementation of natural ventilation has been limited in practice. This delay in market adoption is mainly due to lack of effective and reliable control. Historically, control of natural ventilation was left to the occupant (i.e. they are responsible for opening and closing their windows) because occupants are more readily satisfied when given control of the indoor environment. This strategy has been shown to be effective during summer months, but can lead to both over and under ventilation, as well as the associated unnecessary energy waste during the winter months. This research presents the development and evaluation of a model-based control algorithm for natural ventilation. The proposed controller is designed to modulate the operable windows based on ambient temperature, wind speed, wind direction, solar radiation, indoor temperature and other building characteristics to ensure adequate ventilation and thermal comfort throughout the year without the use of mechanical ventilation and cooling systems. A midrise student dormitory building, located in Portland OR, has been used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed controller. Simulation results show that the model-based controller is able to reduce under-ventilated hours to 6.2% of the summer season (June - September) and 2.5% of the winter (October - May) while preventing over-heating during 99% of the year. In addition, the model-based-controller reduces the yearly energy cost by 33% when compared to a conventional heat pump system. As a proactive control, model-based control has been used in a wide range of building control applications. This research serves as proof-of-concept that it can be used to control operable windows to provide adequate ventilation year-round without significantly affecting thermal comfort. The resulting control algorithm significantly improves the reliability of natural ventilation design and could lead to a wider adoption of natural ventilation in appropriate climate zones.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATA SOOMA.pdf: 433903 bytes, checksum: a0ae77a8df32c2cdd36c97fcbd802ff9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-10-17 / The present work focuon studying the adaptative efficiency of familial company heirs, second to the Adaptation Theory of Ryad Simon. The objectives were: 1. investigate the adaptative efficiency of familial company heirs; 2. describe the aspects of the adaptative dynamics of the heirs; 3. describe the aspects of the familial dinamic internalized by the heirs of each family; 4. investigate the repercussions obtained by the analysis of the adaptative efficiency of each heirs in the familial company context. The method used was clinic, and the technique called the preventive clinic interview. Seven heirs of two different familial companies were interviewed, being that all of them work at them. The data of the interviews have been clinically assessed by the Operable Adaptive Diagnostic Scale OADS - and factor analysis, second to the Adaptation Evolution Theory by Ryad Simon. The results found were: 72% (5 heirs) have been classified in group 4 Severe Ineffective Adaptation; 14% (1 heir) in group 5 - Grave Ineffective Adaptation, and 14% (1heir) in group 3 Moderate Ineffective Adaptation in Crisis. In the analysis of the results, it has been verified that importance of the Affective-Relational area, 100% of the heirs were classified with highly inadequate answers and the one who balanced the different classifications, mentioned above, was in Productivity area. Coming to this diagnostic we could perceive the importance of the relationship with the father figure, present both at home and company. In the analysis of the heirs and the dynamic of the two families, it was concluded that when the father figure behaves in an omnipotent and non replaceable way, then the children are not allowed to grow up and search for satisfaction in what they produce, different from when this father is able to set boundaries, but more steadily, delegating responsibilities to his children, demostrating trustworthifulness on them. This posture facilitate the reach of satisfaction in the Productivity area. In this study it has become evident that the familial dynamic extend itself until the enterpreneurial one so that in one of these families, whose father was able to delegate to this children the control over the company, the dynamic in the enterprise seems to be healthy, permeated by constructive impulses. As for the other, whose father maintains the control, it seems to be very sick, being the destructive impulses in majority, which is spread to the company a well. / O presente trabalho visa estudar a eficácia adaptativa dos herdeiros de empresa familiar, segundo a teoria da adaptação de Ryad Simon. Os objetivos foram: 1. investigar a eficácia adaptativa dos herdeiros de empresa familiar; 2. descrever aspectos da dinâmica adaptativa dos herdeiros; 3. descrever aspectos da dinâmica familiar internalizada pelos herdeiros de cada família; 4. investigar as repercussões obtidas pela análise da eficácia adaptativa de cada herdeiro no contexto da empresa familiar. O método utilizado foi clínico e a técnica, a entrevista clínica preventiva. Foram entrevistados sete herdeiros de duas diferentes empresas familiar, todos os herdeiros atuam profissionalmente nelas. Os dados das entrevistas foram avaliados clinicamente por meio da Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada (EDAO), e análise dos fatores, segundo Teoria da Evolução da Adaptação, de Ryad Simon. Os resultados encontrados foram: 72% (5 herdeiros) encontraram-se classificados no grupo 4 Adaptação Ineficaz Severa, 14% (1 herdeiro) no grupo 5 Adaptação Ineficaz Grave, e 14% (1herdeiro) no grupo 3 Adaptação Ineficaz Moderada em CRISE. Na análise destes resultados verificou-se a importância central do setor Afetivo-Relacional, 100% dos herdeiros foram classificados com respostas pouquíssimo adequadas, e o que mesclou as diferentes classificações, descritas acima, foi no setor Produtividade. Frente a este diagnóstico percebemos a importância das relações com a figura paterna, presente tanto no lar como na empresa. Na análise dos herdeiros e da dinâmica das duas famílias concluímos que quando a figura paterna comporta-se de forma onipotente e insubstituível, não permite que os filhos cresçam e busquem satisfação no que produzem. Diferente de quando este pai consegue colocar limites, mas gradativamente delega responsabilidades aos filhos, demonstrando confiar neles. Esta postura facilita o encontro da satisfação na área produtiva. Neste estudo ficou evidente que a dinâmica familiar estende-se até a empresarial, desta forma em uma das famílias, cujo pai foi capaz de delegar aos filhos o poder na empresa, a dinâmica na empresa parece ser saudável, permeada por impulsos construtivos. Enquanto a outra, cujo pai mantém o poder na empresa, parece estar muito doente, predominando os impulsos destrutivos na família com repercussão, também, na empresa.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CELIA TEREZINHA ZAGO.pdf: 579165 bytes, checksum: b86fc77c977bb8f9ca7846ebab984146 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-09-09 / The present research aims to investigate the psychodynamic of the executives professionals and their relations with their jobs according to the theory of adaptation of Ryad Simon. The objectives are: to evaluate the efficiency of adaptation of a sample of professionals that have executives positions in industrial companies, verify the effective influence of the sector of productivity in the adaptation of these executives and identify the inner and outer micro factors, positive or negatives determiners of the adaptation. The method used was the clinic and the technical ones, the preventive and non-directive interview. Nineteen (19) executives of middle management that work in industrial companies were interviewed. The datum of the interview were evaluated quantitatively according to the Operable Adaptive Diagnosis Scale (OADS), and qualitatively with the raising of the micro factors. The results found are: people diagnosed in Group 1, Efficient Adaptation, 4 executives; in Adaptative Crises, 1; Group 2, Little Inefficient Adaptation, 3; Group 3, Moderate Inefficient Adaptation, 8; Group 4, Severe Inefficient Adaptation, 1; Group 5, Grave Inefficient Adaptation, 2. The sector of Productivity showed to have a central and current importance in these executives lives, influencing all the adaptative sectors, in a positive or negative way. Analyzing the inner and the outer micro factors we could evaluate that the Affective-Relational also has influenced in the adaptation through the inner and projected feelings and the way these executives face the world and their relations with their jobs. It was observed that these executives show a strong psychological dependence on the organizations they belong to, feelings of hate and love, pleasure and displeasure in relation to their work. We get to the conclusion of: for that sample of executives the job has a central meaning in their lives and the inner feelings coming from the jobs themselves can increase or decrease the disposition, disturb relations and consequently provoking gradual or sudden changes in their adaptive efficiency. / O presente estudo visa investigar a psicodinâmica de profissionais executivos e as suas relações com o trabalho, segundo a teoria da adaptação de Ryad Simon. Os objetivos foram: 1. avaliar a eficácia adaptativa de uma amostra de executivos; 2. verificar a influência do setor Produtividade na eficácia adaptativa; 3. identificar os micro-fatores internos e externos, positivos ou negativos determinantes dessa adaptação; 4. relacionar os micro-fatores à situação profissional desses executivos. O método utilizado foi o clínico e a técnica, a entrevista preventiva e não diretiva. Foram entrevistados 19 executivos de média gerência que trabalham em empresas industriais. Os dados de entrevista foram avaliados clinicamente e operacionalizados por meio da Escala Diagnóstica Adaptativa Operacionalizada EDAO. Os diagnósticos encontrados foram: Grupo 1, Adaptação Eficaz, 04 executivos; em Crise Adaptativa, 01; Grupo 2, Adaptação Ineficaz Leve, 03; Grupo 3, Adaptação Ineficaz Moderada, 08; Grupo 4, Adaptação Ineficaz Severa, 01; e Grupo 5, Adaptação Ineficaz Grave, 02. O setor Produtividade mostrou ter uma importância central e atual na vida desses homens influenciando todos os setores adaptativos, de forma positiva ou negativa. Pela análise dos micro-fatores internos e externos avaliamos que o setor Afetivo-Relacional também influi na adaptação através de sentimentos internalizados e projetados e na forma deles encararem o mundo e as relações com o trabalho; observamos que os sujeitos mostram uma dependência psicológica forte com as organizações as quais pertencem, e sentimentos de amor e ódio, prazer e sofrimento em relação ao trabalho. Concluímos que para esta amostra de executivos, o trabalho tem um significado central nas suas vidas e, os sentimentos internalizados, advindos do próprio trabalho, podem aumentar ou diminuir a disposição, afetar relações e, conseqüentemente, provocar mudanças graduais ou súbitas em sua eficácia adaptativa.