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Purpose: Oral vancomycin is a first-line treatment for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Preparation of oral vancomycin solutions historically has been facilitated by extemporaneous compounding, using various formulas or compounding kits, such as FIRST® - Vancomycin. More recently, FIRVANQ™ (vancomycin HCl) for oral solution was approved by the FDA, replacing the FIRST® compounding kits. Preparation and storage of unit-doses of oral solutions can expedite delivery of the medication to the patient and reduce opportunity for dosing errors. In this study, we evaluated the stored stability of two preparations of vancomycin HCl oral solution (FIRST® – Vancomycin and FIRVANQ™), stored in oral syringes and dosing cups at refrigerated and room temperatures. Methods: Triplicate batches of vancomycin HCl oral solution (50 mg/mL) were prepared using FIRST® - Vancomycin and FIRVANQ™, aliquoted into plastic oral syringes and sealed dosing cups, and stored at refrigerated and room temperatures for a total of six batches. Additionally, remaining samples from FIRVANQ™ batches were unit-dosed in clear Luer-Lok™ syringes and stored under refrigeration as a seventh batch. Samples were removed and analyzed for vancomycin recovery using a previously validated high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) method over a 30-day period. Recovery was quantitatively assessed by comparing to a freshly prepared United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) reference standard on each day of sampling. Results: Stability was defined as recovery of 90 - 110% of labeled amount. For all tested samples, the chemical potency remained within the therapeutically acceptable window for the entire study period of 30 days. At room temperature, the FIRST® syringes and cups both retained 95% potency after 30 days. Under refrigeration, this product retained 100% potency and 91% potency in syringes and cups, respectively. Similarly, the FIRVANQ™ room temperature syringes were at 99% recovery and the room temperature cups at 95% recovery after 30 days. Refrigerated FIRVANQ™ retained a potency of 102% potency in the dosing cups after 30 days, and the both syringes types (clear and amber) were 97% and 101%, respectively, recovery during the study period. Conclusion: The percent recovery of vancomycin in each test group remains within 90 – 110% of the labeled amount throughout duration of study (0 – 30 days). Based on this study, unit-dosing has been shown to have a 30-day chemical stability. In this case, unit-dosing not only may be used to improve workflow and reduce dosing errors, but may also have an impact of reducing drug waste due to avoidance of discarding appropriately potent drug product. Additionally, stability within the study period was independent of storage container and condition. Finally, this unit-dosing practice for FIRVANQ™ is equally acceptable in the classic luer-slip amber plastic syringes, and the newer Luer-Lok™ clear plastic syringes.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:29:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel Jesus de Paula.pdf: 2853062 bytes, checksum: cc9c2ef776b9e4d3151e49ec7988a2cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-01-20 / The sprouting of sildenafil citrate (CSLD) was presented as an oral therapeutical form effective for Erectile Dysfunction Treatment, however, sidenafil, in the tablet form, has a period of latency of 30 to 40 minutes, being lengthened if administrated with foods. Liquid formulations present advantages regarding latency period when comparable to solid formulations, beyond being also a viable alternative for pediatric use in Pulmonary hypertension, for being easier to be administrated and for allowing dosage adjustment. The present work had developed pharmaceutical formulations like oral form of solution and had submitted them to tests in not controlled conditions and Accelerated Stability Test described in the Resolution RE no 1, July 29th of 2005. It was used as methodology of analysis for dosing of the active ingredient High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The methodology was submitted to validation, obeying resolution RE no 899, May 29th of 2005.The solutions were tested initially in three concentrations (7,5, 5,0 and3.33%). The development of CSLD solutions was made in the 3,33%concentration, since in the other concentrations (5 and 7.5%), the active ingredient precipitated due to solubility problems in ambient temperature. The analytical methodology passed in the described tests of validation in the RE no 899 of May 29th of 2003 and showed a safe and efficient method to dosing CSLD in solution. The solutions with higher concentration of Soluphuor solutions kept throughout the time the characteristics of physical, chemical and microbiological stability, simulating the conditions of use in ambient temperature and through Accelerated Stability Test lead as Resolution RE no 1, July 29th of 2005 as well as in not controlled conditions (in use). While the solution with lower concentration of solvent demonstrated unstable regarding to the solubility due the lesser ratio of Soluphuor in the formulation, being therefore considered inadequate. Solutions when propagated in different liquids (water, beer, soda, whiskey)didn't have significant alterations regarding its organoleptics characteristics and nor had intervened with the physico-chemical stability concerning to the concentration of active ingredient. Concluding, the two solutions in the concentration of 3,33% formulated with bigger concentration of Soluphuor had presented good physical, chemical and microbiological stability and they possibly have easy industrial and commercial application therefore they can have lower time of latency in the Erectile Dysfunction. / O surgimento do citrato de sildenafil (CSLD) apresentou-se como uma terapêutica oral efetiva para o tratamento da Disfunção Erétil (DE), no entanto o sildenafil, na forma de comprimidos, tem um período de latência de 30 a 40 minutos, podendo se prolongar mais se for tomado com alimentos. As formulações líquidas apresentam vantagens quanto ao período de latência em relação às formulações sólidas, alem de ser uma alternativa viável para o uso pediátrico na Hipertensão Pulmonar, por ser mais fácil de ser administrado e por permitir o ajuste da posologia. O presente trabalho desenvolveu formulações farmacêuticas na forma de solução oral e as submeteram a testes em condições não controladas (de prateleiras) e Estabilidade Acelerada descritos na Resolução RE nº 1 de 29 de julho de 2005. Usou-se como metodologia de análise para doseamento do princípio ativo, a Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE). A metodologia foi submetida à validação, obedecendo a resolução RE nº 899 de 29 de maio de 2003. Foram desenvolvidas inicialmente soluções em três concentrações (7,5, 5,0 e 3,33%) e com diferentes proporções de solvente Soluphuor®. As soluções de CSLD na concentração de 3,33% foram submetidas aos testes de estabilidade uma vez que as nas outras concentrações (5 e 7,5 %) houve precipitação do principio ativo por problemas na solubilidade a temperatura ambiente. A metodologia analítica foi aprovada nos testes de validação descritos na RE nº 899 de 29 de maio de 2003 e se mostrou um método seguro e eficaz para dosear CSLD em solução. As soluções com maior concentração de Solufuor mantiveram ao longo do tempo as características de estabilidade física, química e microbiológica, simulando as condições de uso em temperatura ambiente e através de estudo de estabilidade acelerado conduzido conforme Resolução RE nº 1 de 29 de julho de 2005 bem como em condições não controladas. Enquanto a solução com menor concentração do solvente se demonstrou instável quanto a solubilidade devido a menor proporção de Soluphuor ® na fórmula, sendo portanto, considerada inadequada. As soluções de CSLD na concentração 3,33% quando veiculadas em diferentes líquidos (água, cerveja, uísque e refrigerante) não tiveram alterações significantes quanto as suas características organolépticas e nem interferiram na estabilidade fisicoquímica quanto ao teor de principio ativo. Concluindo, as duas soluções na concentração de 3,33% formuladas com maior concentração de 2-pirrolidona apresentaram boa estabilidade física, química e microbiológica e possivelmente tenham fácil aplicação industrial e comercial pois podem ter o tempo de latência na Disfunção Erétil diminuído.