Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daniel de Almeida Balthazar.pdf: 1401083 bytes, checksum: 83ae40c829fabdead6d9cbc1eed23316 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-22 / Fractures in birds represent a challenge for surgeons because bone peculiar characteristics associated with the type of trauma which these species are exposed, in many cases determine the type comminuted fractures or even loss of bone segments.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cortico-cancellous bone grafting in osteogenesis in cortical ulnar failure of domestic chickens (Gallus domesticus) by the clinical, radiological and histopathological study of bone healing. Eighteen female chickens, weighting two and half kilograms with approximately 70 weeks were used. In order to reduce the numbers of animals the both wings were used. For the purpose of reducing the number of animals used, they were subjected to surgical process on both wings, each included in the Control group (Group I) or treated (Group II), and randomly divided into four sub-groups according to the observation period. After fasting from food and water six hours was applied pre-anesthesia and subsequently performed with mask induction followed by intubation and maintenance circuit rebreathing. After reaching the proper anesthetic plane, the side of right ulna was surgically accessed, where it was created a failure of cortical approximately 3.3 mm in width and 1.6 mm in depth. The same procedure was performed in the left wing and after surgical access to the keel of the sternum were removed two bone fragments, which were immediately cut into pieces of approximately 3mm and implanted in bone defects already created in the left ulna. Clinical evaluation was done daily until the 10th postoperative day, then going to weekly until the end of the observation period of each group (14, 35, 60 and 90 days) when the animals were killed with sodium pentobarbital and fragments were collected from right and left ulnae achievement of histopathological and radiographic postmortem injuries. The only abnormality observed was hematoma, with resolution to 5 days. Comparing groups I and II at different times, it was observed that there was a statistically significant difference (p <0.05) in the radiological and histological parameters of proliferation between control and treated groups at 35 and 90 days after surgery. However, at times 14 and 60 days there were no significant differences. Compared to the 18 animals of the treated and control groups without taking into account the time of observation, a statistically significant difference was noted (p <0.05) between the two groups. Based on these results, we can conclude that the evolutionary process of incorporation of cortico-cancellous bone graft was found to be quite similar to that reported in small animals, and has demonstrated a satisfactory osteogenic potential, even revealing the need for a time to suffer greater bone remodeling when placed on bone defects stable form small gaps. / As fraturas em aves representam um desafio para os cirurgi?es, pois suas caracter?sticas ?sseas peculiares associadas ao tipo de trauma a que geralmente essas esp?cies s?o expostas determinam fraturas cominutivas ou at? mesmo a perda de segmentos ?sseos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito do enxerto ?sseo c?rtico-esponjoso na osteog?nese em falha cortical ulnar de galinhas dom?sticas (Gallus domesticus), atrav?s do acompanhamento cl?nico, radiol?gico e histopatol?gico da repara??o ?ssea. Foram utilizadas 18 galinhas, f?meas, com idade aproximada de 70 semanas, pesando aproximadamente dois quilos e meio. Para efeitos de redu??o no n?mero de animais utilizados, os mesmos foram submetidos ao processo cir?rgico em ambas as asas, cada uma inclu?da no grupo Controle (Grupo I) ou tratado (Grupo II), e subdivididos aleatoriamente em quatro sub-grupos de acordo com o per?odo de observa??o. Ap?s jejum h?drico e alimentar de 6 horas foi aplicada pr?-anestesia e posteriormente realizada indu??o anest?sica com m?scara, seguindo-se a intuba??o e manuten??o em circuito sem reinala??o. Ap?s atingirem o plano anest?sico adequado, a face lateral da ulna direita foi acessada cirurgicamente, local onde criou-se uma falha cortical de aproximadamente 3,3 mm de largura e 1,6 mm de profundidade. O mesmo procedimento foi realizado na asa esquerda e, ap?s acesso cir?rgico ? carena do esterno, foram retirados dois fragmentos ?sseos, os quais foram imediatamente seccionados em peda?os com aproximadamente 3mm e implantados na falha ?ssea j? criada na ulna esquerda. Avalia??o cl?nica foi di?ria at? o 10? dia p?soperat?rio, passando ent?o a semanal at? o final do per?odo de observa??o de cada grupo (14, 35, 60 e 90 dias), quando os animais foram abatidos com tiopental s?dico e foram coletados fragmentos das ulnas direita e esquerda para realiza??o dos exames histopatol?gico e radiogr?fico post-mortem das les?es. A ?nica altera??o cl?nica observada foi hematoma com resolu??o ao 5? dia. Comparando-se os grupos I e II nos diferentes tempos, foi poss?vel observar que houve diferen?a estat?stica significante (p<0,05) nos par?metros radiol?gicos e histopatol?gicos de prolifera??o entre os grupos controle e tratado aos 35 e 90 dias de p?scir?rgico. Entretanto, nos momentos 14 e 60 dias n?o foram observadas diferen?as estat?sticas significantes. Quando foram comparados os 18 animais dos grupos Controle e Tratado sem levar-se em conta o tempo de observa??o, foi notada diferen?a estat?stica significante (p<0,05) entre os dois grupos. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o processo evolutivo de incorpora??o do enxerto ?sseo c?rtico-esponjoso mostrou-se bastante semelhante ao relatado em pequenos animais, al?m de ter demonstrado um potencial osteog?nico satisfat?rio, mesmo sendo observada a necessidade de um tempo maior para sofrer remodela??o ?ssea quando colocado sobre falhas ?sseas est?veis que formam pequenas lacunas.