No description available.

Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] and mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) are both rhizomatous perennial weeds that are capable of rapidly colonizing a variety of different environments. Separate experiments were conducted throughout Virginia from 1996 to 1999 to determine more effective methods for reducing infestations of these perennial weeds in the future. Field and greenhouse experiments conducted on a resistant johnsongrass population discovered in New Kent County, Virginia revealed that this biotype exhibits low levels of resistance to the aryloxyphenoxypropionate (APP) herbicides quizalofop-P and fluazifop-P and the cyclohexanedione (CHD) herbicide sethoxydim. Additional laboratory experiments revealed that resistance is not due to differential absorption, translocation, or metabolism of the APP and CHD herbicides in the resistant vs. the susceptible biotype. However, acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) assays revealed that resistance to the APP and CHD herbicides is conferred by an overproduction of the ACCase enzyme in the resistant compared to the susceptible johnsongrass biotype. In field experiments conducted on mugwort infestations discovered in several counties throughout Virginia, 100% mugwort control was achieved with standard application rates of picloram at 4 months after treatment (MAT), and also greater than 70% mugwort control was achieved with the higher application rates of clopyralid, glyphosate, and dicamba at 4 MAT. However, all other herbicides evaluated in these experiments provided less than 65% mugwort control at 4 MAT, even at exceptionally high use rates. Additionally, the results from these trials revealed that sequential herbicide applications and sequential mowings prior to herbicide application are both effective mugwort control strategies. / Ph. D.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Pennsylvania, 1992. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 313-326).

No description available.

The primary aim of this practice based project is to promote debate and alter perceptions of second-hand materials and ReFashion concepts. The work is positioned between the developed world business model extremes of overproduction, and over-consumption, in clothing manufacture. Practical work which represents 80% of this thesis, pitches discarded clothing as an untapped commodity. The investigation poses questions and possibilities with respect to applying the ReFashion concept to a potential business model. By developing prototypes through deconstruction and reconstruction processes, reflection upon current practices of the secondary textile industry has been possible, highlighting ReFashion as a potential ‘Materials Recovery’ process. The second outcome for the research is to provide contextualised information for the fashion manufacturing industry and government agencies, in order to develop innovative applications for new markets.

The primary aim of this practice based project is to promote debate and alter perceptions of second-hand materials and ReFashion concepts. The work is positioned between the developed world business model extremes of overproduction, and over-consumption, in clothing manufacture. Practical work which represents 80% of this thesis, pitches discarded clothing as an untapped commodity. The investigation poses questions and possibilities with respect to applying the ReFashion concept to a potential business model. By developing prototypes through deconstruction and reconstruction processes, reflection upon current practices of the secondary textile industry has been possible, highlighting ReFashion as a potential ‘Materials Recovery’ process. The second outcome for the research is to provide contextualised information for the fashion manufacturing industry and government agencies, in order to develop innovative applications for new markets.

Disertacija skirta logistinei ekonominių ciklų analizei. Darbo tikslas - vadovaujantis ekonomine logistine teorija atskleisti ir nustatyti ciklinio ekonominio svyravimo priežastis. Darbe atliekama teorinė, logistinė ir empirinė ciklinių ekonominių svyravimų analizė. Įvertinant ekonominės logistinės teorijos nuostatas, patikslinama ekonominio ciklo samprata, parengiamas teorinis logistinis ekonominio ciklo modelis ir logistinis ciklinio ekonominės sistemos svyravimo ir raidos tyrimo modelis. Darbe atskleidžiamos vidutinės trukmės ekonominių ciklų susiformavimą veikiančios giluminės priežastys. Nustatoma inovacinių procesų įtaka rinkos susiformavimui, rinkos talpos uždarumo įtaka rinkos kaitimui, rinkos prisotinimui ir paslėptosios perprodukcijos bei burbulo proceso susiformavimui. Taip pat atskleidžiama visų minėtų procesų ir ekonominių paradoksų (didėjančio pelningumo paradokso ir skolos spąstų paradokso) įtaka ekonominio ciklo formavimuisi ir veikimui. / Dissertation deals with logistical analysis of economic cycles. Aim of the research - to reveal and to determine causes of cyclical economic fluctuations, according to economic logistic theory. Theoretical, logistical and empirical analyses of cyclical economic fluctuations are carried out in the work. Conception of economic cycle is specified. Evaluating provisions of economic logistic theory, two models are created – theoretical logistic economic cycle model and logistic economic system‘s cyclical fluctuation and development research model. In the dissertation the deep causes of economic cycles influencing their formation are revealed. The influence of innovative processes to the market formation, the impact of market capacity limitation to the market heating, saturation, hidden overproduction and to the formation of bubble process are determined. The influence of all the mentioned processes as well as economic paradoxes ((growing profitability paradox and credit trap paradox)) to the formation and working of economic cycle are revealed.

Dissertation deals with logistical analysis of economic cycles. Aim of the research - to reveal and to determine causes of cyclical economic fluctuations, according to economic logistic theory. Theoretical, logistical and empirical analyses of cyclical economic fluctuations are carried out in the work. Conception of economic cycle is specified. Evaluating provisions of economic logistic theory, two models are created – theoretical logistic economic cycle model and logistic economic system‘s cyclical fluctuation and development research model. In the dissertation the deep causes of economic cycles influencing their formation are revealed. The influence of innovative processes to the market formation, the impact of market capacity limitation to the market heating, saturation, hidden overproduction and to the formation of bubble process are determined. The influence of all the mentioned processes as well as economic paradoxes ((growing profitability paradox and credit trap paradox)) to the formation and working of economic cycle are revealed. / Disertacija skirta logistinei ekonominių ciklų analizei. Darbo tikslas - vadovaujantis ekonomine logistine teorija atskleisti ir nustatyti ciklinio ekonominio svyravimo priežastis. Darbe atliekama teorinė, logistinė ir empirinė ciklinių ekonominių svyravimų analizė. Įvertinant ekonominės logistinės teorijos nuostatas, patikslinama ekonominio ciklo samprata, parengiamas teorinis logistinis ekonominio ciklo modelis ir logistinis ciklinio ekonominės sistemos svyravimo ir raidos tyrimo modelis. Darbe atskleidžiamos vidutinės trukmės ekonominių ciklų susiformavimą veikiančios giluminės priežastys. Nustatoma inovacinių procesų įtaka rinkos susiformavimui, rinkos talpos uždarumo įtaka rinkos kaitimui, rinkos prisotinimui ir paslėptosios perprodukcijos bei burbulo proceso susiformavimui. Taip pat atskleidžiama visų minėtų procesų ir ekonominių paradoksų (didėjančio pelningumo paradokso ir skolos spąstų paradokso) įtaka ekonominio ciklo formavimuisi ir veikimui.

Nitric oxide (NO) overproduction is correlated with numerous human diseases, such as arthritis, asthma, diabetes, inflammation and septic shock. The enzyme activities of both NO synthase (NOS) and dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) promote NO production. DDAH-1 mainly colocalizes in the same tissues as the neuronal isoform of NOS and catabolizes the endogenously-produced competitive inhibitors of NOS, N[omega]-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA) and asymmetric N[omega], N[omega]-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA). Inhibition of DDAH-1 leads to elevated concentrations of NMMA and ADMA, which subsequently inhibit NOS. To better understand DDAH-1, I first characterized the catalytic mechanism of human DDAH-1, where Cys274, His173, Asp79 and Asp127 form a catalytic center. Particularly, Cys274 is an active site nucleophile and His173 plays a dual role in acid/base catalysis. I also studied an unusual mechanism for covalent inhibition of DDAH-1 by S-nitroso-L-homocysteine (HcyNO), where an N-thiosulfoximide adduct is formed at Cys274. Using a combination of site directed mutagenesis and mass spectrometry, we found that many residues that participate in catalysis also participate in HcyNO mediated inactivation. Following these studies, I then screened a small set of known NOS inhibitors as potential inhibitors of DDAH-1. The most potent of these, an alkylamidine, was selected as a scaffold for homologation. Stepwise lengthening of the alkyl substituent changes an NOS-selective inhibitor into a dual-targeted NOS/DDAH-1 inhibitor then into a DDAH-1 selective inhibitor, as seen in the inhibition constants of N5-(1-iminoethyl)-, N5-(1-iminopropyl)-, N5-(1-iminopentyl)- and N5-(1-iminohexyl)-L-ornithine for neuronal NOS (1.7, 3, 20, >1,900 [mu]M, respectively) and DDAH-1 (990, 52, 7.5, 110 [mu]M, respectively). X-ray crystal structures suggest that this selectivity is likely due to active site size differences. To rank the inhibitors' in vivo potency, we constructed a click-chemistry based activity probe to detect inhibition of DDAH-1 in live mammalian cell culture. In vivo IC50 values for representative alkylamidine based inhibitors were measured in living HEK293T cells. Future application of this probe will address the regulation of DDAH-1 activity in pathophysiological states. In summary, this work identifies a versatile scaffold for developing DDAH targeted inhibitors to control NO overproduction and provides useful biochemical tools to better understand the etiology of endothelial dysfunction. / text

Orientador: Nadia Farage / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campina, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T20:10:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias_JulianaVergueiroGomes_M.pdf: 2308832 bytes, checksum: a3bbdd20b7f8d298a75860d5de061891 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A presente dissertação faz uma análise da construção do estatuto simbólico dos animais domésticos comestíveis no contexto industrial brasileiro contemporâneo. Toma como foco a produção animal, e, mais especificamente, sua fase final, o abate, que, articulando-se ao universo do consumo, constitui um forte momento simbólico na construção do comestível, isto é, a categoria histórica "animal de açougue". A indústria da carne pressupõe disjunções e afastamentos, que têm como resultado a produção de uma mercadoria, autônoma e distante de sua verdadeira origem, o animal. Dentre os mecanismos de afastamento promovidos pela indústria, o método do abate humanitário apresenta alto rendimento simbólico, pois permite a conjunção paradoxal entre a mitigação do sofrimento animal e a eficiência, súmula da lógica do capital industrial / Abstract: This work analyses the construction of the symbolic statute of the edible domestic animals in the contemporary brazilian industrial context. The focal point is on animal production and more specifically in its final phase, the slaughtering, which, in articulation with the universe of consumption, constitutes an important moment in the construction of the edible, i.e., the historical category of "meat animal". The meat industry presupposes disjunctions and distances, which result in the production of a commodity, autonomous and distant from its actual origin, the animal. Amongst the disjunction mechanisms promoted by the industry, the method of humane slaughter yields high symbolic results, since it permits the paradoxical gathering of the mitigation of animal suffering and the efficiency, epitome of the logic of the industrial capital / Mestrado / Mestre em Antropologia Social