Background: Overpronation has been suggested to affect the body's biomechanical chain andalter the position of the back and lower extremities. These alterations also affect muscles andtissues in the surrounding area, causing pain in the back and lower extremities, limitingactivity, and decreasing quality of life. A thorough understanding of the biomechanicalalterations due to overpronation is needed to present an effective treatment. Aim: To study differences in the rotation angle during gait in the foot as a segment,calcaneus, tibia, femur, and pelvis by using sandals with and without wedges. A secondaryaim was to investigate the correlation between overpronation and an anterior tilt of the pelvic. Method: An experimental intervention study was conducted, and nine test subjects withoverpronation were asked to participate. The test subject's calcaneus angle was aligned withwedges until a perpendicular angle against the floor was achieved. Two different settingswere used, sandals and sandals with wedges. Qualisys, a motion capture system, collecteddata on biomechanical angles during gait. Descriptive statistics, the Wilcoxon signed ranktest, and the Spearman correlation coefficient were conducted. Result: Six test subjects were included. Wearing sandals with wedges significantly decreasedthe pronation of the feet (p=0.028) and the internal rotation of the right femur (p=0.028) andthe left femur (p=0.027). No significant decrease in the rotation was seen in the calcaneus ortibia. Conclusion: The use of wedges in sandals can decrease the pronation of the feet. The effecton the biomechanical chain in the body is still unclear since a significant decrease in internalrotation was seen in femur but not in calcaneus and tibia. To achieve a thoroughunderstanding on the wedges effect on the biomechanical chain in the body, a larger studywith more test subjects needs to be conducted.

Title Atypical Pronation of the Sub-Talar Joint: Its Implications on the Lower Limb Background Atypical pronation of the sub-talar joint, or overpronation of the foot, as it is more commonly known, is a current subtopic in foot and lower limb-related biomechanical issues. Typical pronation is a tri-planar movement that involves eversion of the hindfoot, combined with abduction and dorsiflexion of the forefoot. Atypical pronation is recognized when this motion is excessive, and may be determined by the extent and duration to which this occurs according to the rhythmic timing during the gait pattern. It is a mechanical problem of the foot that primarily results from a subluxation or shift of the sub-talar joint and bones of the mid- and hind-foot. As a common finding in the general population, especially in those with flexible flat feet, atypical pronation may result chronically in a displacement of the bones and joints of the lower limb. Research has stated that excessive pronation of the ankle-foot complex may cause change in position of certain bones in the lower limb. This is believed to occur through an interaction between foot and pelvis through a kinetic chain mechanism. Furthermore, it has been stated that atypical pronation may affect weight transfer of the lower limb during gait that may...